Django REST framework+Vue 打造生鲜超市(八)
九、个人中心功能开发
9.1.drf的api文档自动生成
(1) url
#drf文档,title自定义
path('docs',include_docs_urls(title='仙剑奇侠传')),
访问:http://127.0.0.1:8000/docs 就可以自动生成
(2)drf文档的优点:
- 自动生成
- 文档里可以做交互和测试
- 可以生成js,shell和python代码段
(3)代码中注释的格式:
ViewSet的格式,更多请看官方文档
class GoodsListViewSet(mixins.ListModelMixin, mixins.RetrieveModelMixin,viewsets.GenericViewSet):
'''
list:
商品列表,分页,搜索,过滤,排序
retrieve:
获取商品详情
'''
(4)Description
添加字段的描述有三种方式:
- model的字段中加
- serializer的字段加
- filter中也可以加
9.2.动态设置serializer和permission获取用户信息
用户个人信息修改,因为手机号是验证过的,不能随便改
在会员中心页面,想要获取个人信息,只需在UserViewset中多继承一个类:mixins.RetrieveModelMixin
(1)用户详情的序列化
users/serializers.py
class UserDetailSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
"""
用户详情
"""
class Meta:
model = User
fields = ("name", "gender", "birthday", "email","mobile")
(2)users/views.py
class UserViewset(CreateModelMixin,mixins.RetrieveModelMixin,viewsets.GenericViewSet):
'''
用户
'''
serializer_class = UserRegSerializer
queryset = User.objects.all()
authentication_classes = (JSONWebTokenAuthentication, authentication.SessionAuthentication)
def create(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
serializer = self.get_serializer(data=request.data)
serializer.is_valid(raise_exception=True)
user = self.perform_create(serializer)
re_dict = serializer.data
payload = jwt_payload_handler(user)
re_dict["token"] = jwt_encode_handler(payload)
re_dict["name"] = user.name if user.name else user.username
headers = self.get_success_headers(serializer.data)
return Response(re_dict, status=status.HTTP_201_CREATED, headers=headers)
#这里需要动态权限配置
#1.用户注册的时候不应该有权限限制
#2.当想获取用户详情信息的时候,必须登录才行
def get_permissions(self):
if self.action == "retrieve":
return [permissions.IsAuthenticated()]
elif self.action == "create":
return []
return []
#这里需要动态选择用哪个序列化方式
#1.UserRegSerializer(用户注册),只返回username和mobile,会员中心页面需要显示更多字段,所以要创建一个UserDetailSerializer
#2.问题又来了,如果注册的使用userdetailSerializer,又会导致验证失败,所以需要动态的使用serializer
def get_serializer_class(self):
if self.action == "retrieve":
return UserDetailSerializer
elif self.action == "create":
return UserRegSerializer
return UserDetailSerializer
#虽然继承了Retrieve可以获取用户详情,但是并不知道用户的id,所有要重写get_object方法
#重写get_object方法,就知道是哪个用户了
def get_object(self):
return self.request.user
def perform_create(self, serializer):
return serializer.save()
主要添加的内容:
- 继承mixins.RetrieveModelMixin -->>获取用户信息
- 重写get_object -->>获取登录的用户
- get_permissions -->>动态权限分配
- get_serializer_class -->>动态序列化分配
现在就可以从数据库获取用户的信息了
用户个人信息修改
只需要多添加一个继承mixins.UpdateModelMixin就可以了
class UserViewset(CreateModelMixin,mixins.RetrieveModelMixin,mixins.UpdateModelMixin,viewsets.GenericViewSet):
9.3.用户收藏
(1)用户收藏商品详情
user_operation/serializer.py中添加
class UserFavDetailSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
'''
用户收藏详情
'''
#通过商品id获取收藏的商品,需要嵌套商品的序列化
goods = GoodsSerializer()
class Meta:
model = UserFav
fields = ("goods", "id")
(2)user_operation/views.py
动态设置serializer
#动态选择serializer
def get_serializer_class(self):
if self.action == "list":
return UserFavDetailSerializer
elif self.action == "create":
return UserFavSerializer
return UserFavSerializer
serializer.py
在会员中心可以看到已收藏的商品以及详细信息,点删除,可以删除对应的商品
9.4.用户留言功能
(1)user_operation/serializers.py
class LeavingMessageSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
'''
用户留言
'''
# 获取当前登录的用户
user = serializers.HiddenField(
default=serializers.CurrentUserDefault()
)
#read_only:只返回,post时候可以不用提交,format:格式化输出
add_time = serializers.DateTimeField(read_only=True, format='%Y-%m-%d %H:%M')
class Meta:
model = UserLeavingMessage
fields = ("user", "message_type", "subject", "message", "file", "id" ,"add_time")
(2)user_operation/views.py
class LeavingMessageViewset(mixins.ListModelMixin, mixins.DestroyModelMixin, mixins.CreateModelMixin,
viewsets.GenericViewSet):
"""
list:
获取用户留言
create:
添加留言
delete:
删除留言功能
"""
permission_classes = (IsAuthenticated, IsOwnerOrReadOnly)
authentication_classes = (JSONWebTokenAuthentication, SessionAuthentication)
serializer_class = LeavingMessageSerializer
# 只能看到自己的留言
def get_queryset(self):
return UserLeavingMessage.objects.filter(user=self.request.user)
(3)配置url
# 配置用户留言的url
router.register(r'messages', LeavingMessageViewset, base_name="messages")
可以获取、删除留言等功能
9.5.用户收获地址
(1)user_operation/serializers.py
class AddressSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
user = serializers.HiddenField(
default=serializers.CurrentUserDefault()
)
add_time = serializers.DateTimeField(read_only=True, format='%Y-%m-%d %H:%M')
class Meta:
model = UserAddress
fields = ("id", "user", "province", "city", "district", "address", "signer_name", "add_time", "signer_mobile")
(2)user_operation/views.py
如果要实现增删改查功能,只要继承ModelViewSet就可以了
class AddressViewset(viewsets.ModelViewSet):
"""
收货地址管理
list:
获取收货地址
create:
添加收货地址
update:
更新收货地址
delete:
删除收货地址
"""
permission_classes = (IsAuthenticated, IsOwnerOrReadOnly)
authentication_classes = (JSONWebTokenAuthentication, SessionAuthentication)
serializer_class = AddressSerializer
def get_queryset(self):
return UserAddress.objects.filter(user=self.request.user)
(3)配置url
# 配置收货地址
router.register(r'address',AddressViewset , base_name="address")