Django REST framework+Vue 打造生鲜超市(七)

八、商品详情页功能

8.1.viewsets实现商品详情页接口

(1)商品详情页只需要多继承一个类(mixins.RetrieveModelMixin)就可以了

class GoodsListViewSet(mixins.ListModelMixin, mixins.RetrieveModelMixin,viewsets.GenericViewSet):

(2)商品轮播图

商品轮播图是一个外键,序列化外键用嵌套的方法来实现

#轮播图
class GoodsImageSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model = GoodsImage
        fields = ("image",)

#商品列表页
class GoodsSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    #覆盖外键字段
    category = CategorySerializer()
    #images是数据库中设置的related_name="images",把轮播图嵌套进来
    images = GoodsImageSerializer(many=True)
    class Meta:
        model = Goods
        fields = '__all__'

8.2.热卖商品接口实现

只需要在过滤器中增加“is_hot”就可以了

goods/filters.py里的GoodsFilter添加“is_hot”

    class Meta:
        model = Goods
        fields = ['pricemin', 'pricemax','is_hot']

在后台设置商品的“is_hot”为True,然后前端就可以显示出来了

8.3.用户收藏接口实现

(1)序列化

user_operation/serializers.py

# user_operation/serializers.py

from rest_framework import serializers
from user_operation.models import UserFav
from rest_framework.validators import UniqueTogetherValidator

class UserFavSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    #获取当前登录的用户
    user = serializers.HiddenField(
        default=serializers.CurrentUserDefault()
    )
    class Meta:
        #validate实现唯一联合,一个商品只能收藏一次
        validators = [
            UniqueTogetherValidator(
                queryset=UserFav.objects.all(),
                fields=('user', 'goods'),
                #message的信息可以自定义
                message="已经收藏"
            )
        ]
        model = UserFav
        #收藏的时候需要返回商品的id,因为取消收藏的时候必须知道商品的id是多少
        fields = ("user", "goods",'id')

(2)user_operation/views.py

# user_operaton/views.py

from rest_framework import viewsets
from rest_framework import mixins
from .models import UserFav
from .serializers import UserFavSerializer

class UserFavViewset(viewsets.GenericViewSet, mixins.ListModelMixin, mixins.CreateModelMixin, mixins.DestroyModelMixin):
    '''
    用户收藏
    '''
    queryset = UserFav.objects.all()
    serializer_class = UserFavSerializer

说明:继承的类

  • mixins.CreateModelMixin 添加收藏(相当于创建数据库)
  • mixins.DestroyModelMixin 取消删除(相当于数据库删除)
  • mixins.ListModelMixin 获取已收藏的商品列表

(3)配置url

# 配置用户收藏的url
router.register(r'userfavs', UserFavViewset, base_name="userfavs")

测试代码:

访问地址:http://127.0.0.1:8000/userfavs/,收藏三个商品,查看已收藏列表

重复收藏某个商品会提示“已经收藏”

8.3.drf的权限认证

(1)自定义权限

utils文件夹下新建permissions.py,代码如下:

这个官网有实例,直接复制过来就可以了,把其中的owner改为user即可

# utils/permissions.py

from rest_framework import permissions

class IsOwnerOrReadOnly(permissions.BasePermission):
    """
    Object-level permission to only allow owners of an object to edit it.
    Assumes the model instance has an `owner` attribute.
    """

    def has_object_permission(self, request, view, obj):
        # Read permissions are allowed to any request,
        # so we'll always allow GET, HEAD or OPTIONS requests.
        if request.method in permissions.SAFE_METHODS:
            return True

        # Instance must have an attribute named `owner`.
        #obj相当于数据库中的model,这里要把owner改为我们数据库中的user
        return obj.user == request.user

(2)user_operation/views

# user_operaton/views.py

from rest_framework import viewsets
from rest_framework import mixins
from .models import UserFav
from .serializers import UserFavSerializer
from rest_framework.permissions import IsAuthenticated
from utils.permissions import IsOwnerOrReadOnly
from rest_framework_jwt.authentication import JSONWebTokenAuthentication
from rest_framework.authentication import SessionAuthentication

class UserFavViewset(viewsets.GenericViewSet, mixins.ListModelMixin, mixins.CreateModelMixin, mixins.DestroyModelMixin):
    '''
    用户收藏
    '''
    serializer_class = UserFavSerializer
    #permission是用来做权限判断的
    # IsAuthenticated:必须登录用户;IsOwnerOrReadOnly:必须是当前登录的用户
    permission_classes = (IsAuthenticated,IsOwnerOrReadOnly)
    #auth使用来做用户认证的
    authentication_classes = (JSONWebTokenAuthentication,SessionAuthentication)
    #搜索的字段
    lookup_field = 'goods_id'

    def get_queryset(self):
        #只能查看当前登录用户的收藏,不会获取所有用户的收藏
        return UserFav.objects.filter(user=self.request.user)

说明:

  • 只有登录用户才可以收藏
  • 用户只能获取自己的收藏,不能获取所有用户的收藏
  • JSONWebTokenAuthentication认证不应该全局配置,因为用户获取商品信息或者其它页面的时候并不需要此认证,所以这个认证只要局部中添加就可以
  • 删除settings中的'rest_framework_jwt.authentication.JSONWebTokenAuthentication',

8.4.用户收藏功能和vue联调

修改为local_host

//收藏
export const addFav = params => { return axios.post(`${local_host}/userfavs/`, params) }

//取消收藏
export const delFav = goodsId => { return axios.delete(`${local_host}/userfavs/`+goodsId+'/') }

export const getAllFavs = () => { return axios.get(`${local_host}/userfavs/`) }

//判断是否收藏
export const getFav = goodsId => { return axios.get(`${local_host}/userfavs/`+goodsId+'/') }
  • 删除收藏:根据商品'goods_id'
  • 已收藏的商品显示“已收藏”,没有收藏就显示“收藏”
posted @ 2021-02-25 00:10  公众号海哥python  阅读(97)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报