SpringMVC实现发送邮件
正文
今天来试着用SpringMVC发送邮件,主要需要依赖以下两个包;
<!--spring发送邮件依赖spring.version=4.3.8.RELEASE-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- Javamail API -->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.mail</groupId>
<artifactId>mail</artifactId>
<version>1.4.5</version>
</dependency>
spring-mail.xml配置文件如下:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.2.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.2.xsd">
<!-- 引入属性文件 -->
<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:config/email.properties" ignore-unresolvable="true"/>
<!-- <bean id="local" class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer">
<property name="location" value="classpath:config/email.properties" />
<property name="ignoreUnresolvablePlaceholders" value="true" />
</bean>-->
<!--
下面列出网易的SMTP服务器名和端口号:
网易邮箱 SMTP服务器 SMTP端口 POP3服务器 POP3端口
@126.com smtp.126.com 25 pop3.126.com 110
@163.com smtp.163.com 25 pop3.163.com 110
@yeah.net smtp.yeah.net 25 pop3.yeah.net 110
-->
<bean id="javaMailSender"
class="org.springframework.mail.javamail.JavaMailSenderImpl">
<property name="protocol" value="${email.protocol}"/>
<property name="host" value="${email.host}"/>
<property name="port" value="${email.port}"/>
<property name="username" value="${email.username}"/>
<property name="password" value="${email.password}"/>
<property name="defaultEncoding" value="UTF-8"></property>
<property name="javaMailProperties">
<props>
<prop key="mail.auth">${email.auth}</prop>
<prop key="mail.smtp.timeout">${email.timout}</prop>
</props>
</property>
</bean>
<bean id="simpleMailMessage" class="org.springframework.mail.SimpleMailMessage">
<!-- 发件人email -->
<property name="from" value="${email.username}" />
<!--收件人email-->
<property name="to" value="${email.default.to}" />
<!--email主题(标题)-->
<property name="subject" value="${email.default.subject}" />
<!--email主题内容-->
<property name="text">
<value>${email.default.text}</value>
</property>
</bean>
<bean id="emailService"
class="com.website.service.impl.EmailServiceImpl">
<property name="javaMailSender" ref="javaMailSender"/>
<property name="simpleMailMessage" ref="simpleMailMessage"/>
</bean>
</beans>
这里加载了发送邮件相关的配置文件email.properties:
email.protocol=smtp
email.host=smtp.163.com
email.port=25
email.username=132312312@163.com
email.password=yourpassword
email.default.to=123121@126.com
email.default.subject=Hello
email.default.text=how are you
email.auth=true
email.timout=25000
发送简单邮件代码:
public class EmailServiceImpl implements EmailService {
private static final Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(EmailServiceImpl.class);
private JavaMailSender javaMailSender;
private SimpleMailMessage simpleMailMessage;
/**
* @方法名: sendMailSimple
* @参数名:@param subject 邮件主题
* @参数名:@param content 邮件内容
* @参数名:@param to 收件人Email地址
* @描述语: 发送邮件
*/
@Override
public void sendMailSimple(String to, String subject, String content) throws Exception {
try {
//用于接收邮件的邮箱
simpleMailMessage.setTo(to);
//邮件的主题
simpleMailMessage.setSubject(subject);
//邮件的正文,第二个boolean类型的参数代表html格式
simpleMailMessage.setText(content);
LOGGER.info("---------------------------{}", simpleMailMessage);
//发送
javaMailSender.send(simpleMailMessage);
} catch (Exception e) {
throw new MessagingException("failed to send mail!", e);
}
}
public void setJavaMailSender(JavaMailSender javaMailSender) {
this.javaMailSender = javaMailSender;
}
public void setSimpleMailMessage(SimpleMailMessage simpleMailMessage) {
this.simpleMailMessage = simpleMailMessage;
}
}
跑单元测试的时候报:Could not resolve placeholder异常,不可以解析email.protocol
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanDefinitionStoreException: Invalid bean definition with name 'javaMailSender' defined in class path resource [config/spring-mail.xml]: Could not resolve placeholder 'email.protocol' in value "${email.protocol}"; nested exception is java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Could not resolve placeholder 'email.protocol' in value "${email.protocol}"
可能的原因:
1、location中的属性文件配置错误;
2、location中定义的配置文件里面没有对应的placeholder值;
3、Spring容器的配置问题,很有可能是使用了多个PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer或者多个context:property-placeholder的原因。
排查以后发现,
applicationContext.xml和spring-mail.xml两个文件都使用了context:property-placeholder,前者加载数据库连接配置,后者加载发送邮件相关配置。
<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:config/db.properties"/>
<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:config/email.properties"/>
这个是Spring容器采用反射扫描的发现机制决定的,在Spring 3.0中,可以加ignore-unresolvable="true"解决。
<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:config/db.properties" ignore-unresolvable="true"/>
<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:config/email.properties" ignore-unresolvable="true"/>
注意:必须两个都要加,加一个也不行。
在Spring 2.5中,context:property-placeholder没有ignore-unresolvable属性,此时可以改用PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer。其实<context:property-placeholder location="xxx.properties" ignore-unresolvable="true" />与下面的配置是等价的。
<bean id="local" class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer">
<property name="location" value="classpath:config/email.properties" />
<property name="ignoreUnresolvablePlaceholders" value="true" />
</bean>
修改以后,测试用类运行成功:
发送邮件成功:
其实发送邮件还可以用JavaMail实现,需要依赖两个包:
activation-1.1.jar
mail-1.4.2.jar
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