实现网站国际化

插件：i18n

项目管理工具：grunt

需安装： grunt 和properties-reader（i18n运行依赖）

1. 在根目录下新建i18n文件夹，然后把i18n-parsers.coffee和i18n.coffee放在该文件夹(两文件在笔记最后)
2. 在js下面放**.json（不同语言的资源文件）
3. 新建grunt任务：

    i18n: {
               custom_parser: {
                   src: ['src/**/*.html'],
                   options: {
                       locales: 'src/js/**/*.json',
                       output: 'tmp/'
                   }
               },
               options: { base: 'src' }
           }　　

4. 注册该任务：grunt.registerTask('dev', [ ‘i18n’])
5. 运行: grunt dev
6. 就会在tem目录下生成不同语言版本的文件夹

7.实现根据浏览器默认语言环境来加载不同的地址，在页面上也可以切换不同语言：解决方法，设置cookie.代码如下：

if (!getCookie('chuan')) {
        setCookie('chuan', 'cunzai');
        var type = navigator.appName,lang;
        if (type == "Netscape") {
            lang = navigator.language;
        } else {
            lang = navigator.userLanguage;
        }
        lang = lang.substr(0, 2); //取得浏览器语言的前两个字母
        if (lang == "en") {  // 英语
            window.location.href = envUrl+"en/index.html";
        }
        else if (lang == "zh") {  // 中文 - 不分繁体和简体
            window.location.href = envUrl+"index.html";
        }
        else { // 除上面所列的语言
            window.location.href = envUrl + "index.html";
        }
    }
//设置cookie
    function setCookie(c_name, value, expiredays) {
        var exdate = new Date();
        exdate.setDate(exdate.getDate() + expiredays);
        document.cookie = c_name + "=" + escape(value) + ((!expiredays) ? "" : ";expires=" + exdate.toGMTString());
    }
//获取cookie
    function getCookie(c_name) {
        if (document.cookie.length > 0) {
            var c_start = document.cookie.indexOf(c_name + "=");
            if (c_start != -1) {
                c_start = c_start + c_name.length + 1;
                var c_end = document.cookie.indexOf(";", c_start);
                if (c_end == -1)
                    c_end = document.cookie.length;
                return unescape(document.cookie.substring(c_start, c_end));
            }
        }
        return "";
    } 
 

8.   i18n-parsers.coffee

//i18n-parsers.coffee
fs = require 'fs'
path = require 'path'
PropertiesReader = require 'properties-reader'

class BaseParser
  constructor: (@grunt) ->

  resolveLocale: (localePath) ->
    path.basename localePath, path.extname localePath


class JsonParser extends BaseParser
  name: 'json'

  readLocaleData: (localePath) ->
    @grunt.file.readJSON localePath

"""
Locales from Transifex have one property to name the particular locale, with the
translations all below that. E.G. { "en": {"message": "Hello, world!"} }
"""
class TransifexParser extends JsonParser
  name: 'transifex'

  readLocaleData: (localePath) ->
    data = super
    keys = Object.keys data
    if keys.length is 1 and typeof data[keys[0]] is 'object'
      data[keys[0]]
    else
      data

class YamlParser extends BaseParser
  name: 'yaml'

  readLocaleData: (localePath) ->
    @grunt.file.readYAML localePath

class PropertiesParser extends BaseParser
  name: 'properties'

  resolveLocale: (localePath) ->
    (path.extname localePath).substring 1

  readLocaleData: (localePath) ->
    PropertiesReader(localePath).path()

module.exports = (grunt) ->
  jsonParser = new JsonParser(grunt)
  transifexParser = new TransifexParser(grunt)
  yamlParser = new YamlParser(grunt)
  propertiesParser = new PropertiesParser(grunt)

  result = {}
  result[jsonParser.name] = jsonParser
  result[transifexParser.name] = transifexParser
  result[yamlParser.name] = yamlParser
  result[propertiesParser.name] = propertiesParser
  result

9.    i18n.coffee

// i18n.coffee
parsers = require './i18n-parsers'

module.exports = (grunt) ->
  grunt.registerMultiTask 'i18n', 'Localize Grunt templates', ->
    options = @options
      locales: []
      output: '.'
      base: ''
      format: 'json'

    grunt.verbose.writeflags options, 'Options'
    parser = if options.parser then options.parser else parsers(grunt)[options.format]

    for templatePath in @filesSrc
      if grunt.file.isFile templatePath
        localePaths = grunt.file.expand options.locales
        for localePath in localePaths
          locale = parser.resolveLocale localePath
          outputPath = generateOutputPath templatePath, locale, options

          localeData = parser.readLocaleData localePath
          template = translateTemplate templatePath, localeData, options

          grunt.verbose.writeln "Translating '#{templatePath}' with locale '#{localePath}' to '#{outputPath}'."
          grunt.file.write outputPath, template

  translateTemplate = (templatePath, localeData, options) ->
    template = grunt.file.read templatePath
    templateOptions =
      data: localeData
    templateOptions.delimiters = options.delimiters if options.delimiters
    grunt.template.process template, templateOptions

  generateOutputPath = (templatePath, locale, options) ->
    filePath = templatePath.slice options.base.length if grunt.util._.startsWith templatePath, options.base
    trimmedFilePath = grunt.util._.trim filePath, '/'
    [options.output, locale, trimmedFilePath].join '/'

  return @