Oracle手动建库常见问题
Oracle手动建库常见问题
一.1 BLOG文档结构图
一.2 前言部分
一.2.1 导读和注意事项
各位技术爱好者,看完本文后,你可以掌握如下的技能,也可以学到一些其它你所不知道的知识,~O(∩_∩)O~:
① 10G和11g手动建库(重点)
② 各种组件安装
③ 创建Sample Schemas数据
④ 手动建库中常用脚本的解释
⑤ sqlplus中的帮助命令
Tips:
① 本文在ITpub(http://blog.itpub.net/26736162)和博客园(http://www.cnblogs.com/lhrbest)有同步更新
② 文章中用到的所有代码,相关软件,相关资料请前往小麦苗的云盘下载(http://blog.itpub.net/26736162/viewspace-1624453/)
③ 若文章代码格式有错乱,推荐使用搜狗、360或QQ浏览器,也可以下载pdf格式的文档来查看,pdf文档下载地址:http://blog.itpub.net/26736162/viewspace-1624453/
④ 本篇BLOG中命令的输出部分需要特别关注的地方我都用灰色背景和粉红色字体来表示,比如下边的例子中,thread 1的最大归档日志号为33,thread 2的最大归档日志号为43是需要特别关注的地方;而命令一般使用黄色背景和红色字体标注;对代码或代码输出部分的注释一般采用蓝色字体表示。
List of Archived Logs in backup set 11
Thrd Seq Low SCN Low Time Next SCN Next Time
---- ------- ---------- ------------------- ---------- ---------
1 32 1621589 2015-05-29 11:09:52 1625242 2015-05-29 11:15:48
1 33 1625242 2015-05-29 11:15:48 1625293 2015-05-29 11:15:58
2 42 1613951 2015-05-29 10:41:18 1625245 2015-05-29 11:15:49
2 43 1625245 2015-05-29 11:15:49 1625253 2015-05-29 11:15:53
[ZHLHRDB1:root]:/>lsvg -o
T_XDESK_APP1_vg
rootvg
[ZHLHRDB1:root]:/>
00:27:22 SQL> alter tablespace idxtbs read write;
====》2097152*512/1024/1024/1024=1G
本文如有错误或不完善的地方请大家多多指正,ITPUB留言或QQ皆可,您的批评指正是我写作的最大动力。
一.3 本文简介
上一篇(http://blog.itpub.net/26736162/viewspace-2121930/)中最后差了手动建库的部分,今天把这个部分的内容加上。本来手动建库很早就学习过了,只是一直没有时间来整理发布,今天就趁这个机会正好整理一下,分享给大家。
小麦苗学习手动建库的动力源于之前帮网友采用dbca建库的时候报错,由于java环境的问题,dbca一直没有办法使用,无论界面还是静默都用到java,折腾了2个小时还是把java没有修复好,dbca不能用,最后想到了create database手动建库,虽然工作中很少采用但还是有一定的用途的。
一.4 手动建库简介
有时候因为环境的缘故不能使用图形界面或者不能使用dbca的静默方式来创建一个新库,那么这个时候可以考虑使用CREATE DATABASE SQL命令行来创建数据库,该方式是一种手动建库方式,使用此种命令行手动创建数据库的优点是:可以用脚本来创建数据库。 另外OCM的考试中要求我们用CREATE DATABASE来创建数据库。当然在使用脚本创建数据库时,在建立数据字典视图和安装标准的PL/SQL程序包时,必须先建立一个可以操作的数据库。
一.5 手动建库基本步骤
官方文档的步骤:
Step 1: Specify an Instance Identifier (SID)
Step 2: Ensure That the Required Environment Variables Are Set
Step 3: Choose a Database Administrator Authentication Method
Step 4: Create the Initialization Parameter File
Step 5: (Windows Only) Create an Instance
Step 6: Connect to the Instance
Step 7: Create a Server Parameter File
Step 9: Issue the CREATE DATABASE Statement
Step 10: Create Additional Tablespaces
Step 11: Run Scripts to Build Data Dictionary Views
Step 12: (Optional) Run Scripts to Install Additional Options
Step 13: Back Up the Database.
Step 14: (Optional) Enable Automatic Instance Startup
具体可以参考: http://docs.oracle.com/cd/E11882_01/server.112/e25494/create.htm
我的blog:http://blog.itpub.net/26736162/viewspace-2098211/
一.6 直接给出脚本
我们直接给出手动建库用到的脚本,至于过程小麦苗就不演示了。
一.6.1 11G
一.6.1.1 ORACLE用户执行 数据文件在文件系统 单实例DB
------------ 1、 确保环境变量正确
export ORACLE_SID=lhrdb
env|grep ORACLE
ORACLE_SID=lhrdb
ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1
------------ 2、 创建密码文件
orapwd file=$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/orapwlhrdb password=lhr force=y
------------ 3、 创建初始化参数文件和相关路径
$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/initlhrdb.ora
db_name='lhrdb'
memory_target=400437056
processes = 150
audit_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/admin/lhrdb/adump'
audit_trail ='db'
db_block_size=8192
db_domain=''
db_create_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/oradata'
db_recovery_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area'
db_recovery_file_dest_size=2G
diagnostic_dest='/u01/app/oracle'
dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=MYNEWDBXDB)'
open_cursors=300
remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE'
undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'
control_files = '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/lhrdb/control01.ctl','/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/lhrdb/control02.ctl'
compatible ='11.2.0'
mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/admin/lhrdb/adump
mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/lhrdb/
mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/oradata/lhrdb/
------------ 4、 创建spfile,启动到nomount状态
sqlplus / as sysdba
create spfile from pfile;
startup nomount
! ps -ef|grep lhrdb
------------ 5、 创建DB
CREATE DATABASE lhrdb
USER SYS IDENTIFIED BY lhr
USER SYSTEM IDENTIFIED BY lhr
CONTROLFILE REUSE
CHARACTER SET ZHS16GBK
NATIONAL CHARACTER SET AL16UTF16
EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL
ARCHIVELOG
MAXLOGFILES 192 MAXLOGMEMBERS 5 MAXLOGHISTORY 292 MAXDATAFILES 1024 MAXINSTANCES 32
LOGFILE GROUP 1('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/lhrdb/redo01a.log','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/lhrdb/redo01b.log') SIZE 50M BLOCKSIZE 512,
GROUP 2('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/lhrdb/redo02a.log','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/lhrdb/redo02b.log') SIZE 50M blocksize 512,
GROUP 3('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/lhrdb/redo03a.log','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/lhrdb/redo03b.log') SIZE 50M BLOCKSIZE 512
DATAFILE '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/lhrdb/system01.dbf' SIZE 300M REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 10M MAXSIZE 10G
SYSAUX DATAFILE '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/lhrdb/sysaux01.dbf' SIZE 100M REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 10M MAXSIZE 10G
DEFAULT TEMPORARY TABLESPACE TEMP TEMPFILE '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/lhrdb/temp01.dbf' SIZE 10M REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 10M MAXSIZE 1G
UNDO TABLESPACE UNDOTBS1 DATAFILE '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/lhrdb/undotbs01.dbf'SIZE 10M REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 10M MAXSIZE 1G
DEFAULT TABLESPACE USERS DATAFILE '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/lhrdb/users01.dbf' SIZE 10M REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 10M MAXSIZE 10G
/
SPOOL /tmp/dictionary_tmp.sql
@?/rdbms/admin/catalog.sql
@?/rdbms/admin/catproc.sql
@?/rdbms/admin/catclust.sql
@?/rdbms/admin/dbmspool.sql
@?/rdbms/admin/catblock.sql
@?/rdbms/admin/caths.sql
@?/rdbms/admin/owminst.plb
@?/sqlplus/admin/plustrce.sql
@?/rdbms/admin/utlrp.sql
@?/rdbms/admin/utlsampl.sql
conn system/lhr
@?/sqlplus/admin/pupbld.sql
@?/sqlplus/admin/help/hlpbld.sql helpus.sql
SPOOL off
------ 单实例数据库添加到srvctl中
srvctl add database -d lhrdb -c single -o /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1 -p '/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/spfilelhrdb.ora' -r primary -n lhrdb -x ZFXDESKDB2
srvctl config database -d lhrdb -a
srvctl status database -d lhrdb
srvctl start database -d lhrdb
crsctl stat res -t
------ drop database
alter database close;
alter system enable restricted session;
drop database;
一.6.1.2 ORACLE用户执行 数据文件在ASM中 单实例DB
------------ 1、 确保环境变量正确
export ORACLE_SID=lhrasm
env|grep ORACLE
ORACLE_SID=lhrasm
ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1
------------ 2、 创建密码文件
orapwd file=$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/orapwlhrasm password=lhr force=y
------------ 3、 创建初始化参数文件和相关路径
$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/initlhrasm.ora
db_name='lhrasm'
memory_target=400437056
processes = 150
audit_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/admin/lhrasm/adump'
audit_trail ='db'
db_block_size=8192
db_domain=''
db_create_file_dest='+DATA'
db_recovery_file_dest='+FRA'
db_recovery_file_dest_size=2G
diagnostic_dest='/u01/app/oracle'
dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=MYNEWDBXDB)'
open_cursors=300
remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE'
undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'
control_files = '+DATA/lhrasm/controlfile/control01.ctl','+FRA/lhrasm/controlfile/control02.ctl'
compatible ='11.2.0'
mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/admin/lhrasm/adump
mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/lhrasm/
mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/oradata/lhrasm/
------------ 4、 创建spfile,启动到nomount状态
sqlplus / as sysdba
create spfile from pfile;
startup nomount
! ps -ef|grep lhrasm
------------ 5、 创建DB
CREATE DATABASE lhrasm
USER SYS IDENTIFIED BY lhr
USER SYSTEM IDENTIFIED BY lhr
CONTROLFILE REUSE
CHARACTER SET ZHS16GBK
NATIONAL CHARACTER SET AL16UTF16
EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL
ARCHIVELOG
MAXLOGFILES 192 MAXLOGMEMBERS 5 MAXLOGHISTORY 292 MAXDATAFILES 1024 MAXINSTANCES 32
LOGFILE GROUP 1('+DATA','+DATA') SIZE 50M BLOCKSIZE 512,
GROUP 2('+DATA','+DATA') SIZE 50M blocksize 512,
GROUP 3('+DATA','+DATA') SIZE 50M BLOCKSIZE 512
DATAFILE '+DATA' SIZE 300M REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 10M MAXSIZE 10G
SYSAUX DATAFILE '+DATA' SIZE 100M REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 10M MAXSIZE 10G
SET DEFAULT bigfile TABLESPACE
DEFAULT TEMPORARY TABLESPACE TEMP TEMPFILE '+DATA' SIZE 10M REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 10M MAXSIZE 1G
UNDO TABLESPACE UNDOTBS1 DATAFILE '+DATA'SIZE 10M REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 10M MAXSIZE 1G
DEFAULT TABLESPACE USERS DATAFILE '+DATA' SIZE 10M REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 10M MAXSIZE 1G
;
/* --------- BIGFILE
CREATE DATABASE lhrasm
USER SYS IDENTIFIED BY lhr
USER SYSTEM IDENTIFIED BY lhr
CONTROLFILE REUSE
EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL
SET DEFAULT bigfile TABLESPACE
DEFAULT TEMPORARY TABLESPACE TEMP
UNDO TABLESPACE UNDOTBS1
DEFAULT TABLESPACE USERS
;
*/
SPOOL /tmp/dictionary_tmp.sql
@?/rdbms/admin/catalog.sql
@?/rdbms/admin/catproc.sql
@?/rdbms/admin/catclust.sql
@?/rdbms/admin/dbmspool.sql
@?/rdbms/admin/catblock.sql
@?/rdbms/admin/caths.sql
@?/rdbms/admin/owminst.plb
@?/sqlplus/admin/plustrce.sql
@?/rdbms/admin/utlrp.sql
@?/rdbms/admin/utlsampl.sql
conn system/lhr
@?/sqlplus/admin/pupbld.sql
@?/sqlplus/admin/help/hlpbld.sql helpus.sql
SPOOL off
------ 单实例数据库添加到srvctl中
srvctl add database -d lhrasm -c single -o /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1 -p '/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/spfilelhrasm.ora' -r primary -n lhrasm -x ZFXDESKDB2
srvctl config database -d lhrasm -a
srvctl status database -d lhrasm
srvctl start database -d lhrasm
crsctl stat res -t
------ drop database
alter database close;
alter system enable restricted session;
drop database;
一.6.1.3 11G rac asm
---- 思路:先创建单实例DB然后再转换为RAC DB
export ORACLE_SID=raclhr1
env|grep ORACLE
ORACLE_SID=raclhr
ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1
------------ 2、 2个节点都 创建密码文件
orapwd file=$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/orapwraclhr1 password=lhr force=y
orapwd file=$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/orapwraclhr2 password=lhr force=y
------------ 3、 创建初始化参数文件和相关路径
--- 节点一配置:
$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/initraclhr1.ora
*.db_name='raclhr'
*.memory_target=400437056
*.processes = 150
*.open_cursors=300
*.audit_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/admin/raclhr/adump'
*.audit_trail ='db'
*.db_block_size=8192
*.db_domain=''
*.db_create_file_dest='+DATA'
*.db_recovery_file_dest='+FRA'
*.db_recovery_file_dest_size=2G
*.diagnostic_dest='/u01/app/oracle'
*.dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=MYNEWDBXDB)'
*.control_files = '+DATA/raclhr/controlfile/control01.ctl','+FRA/raclhr/controlfile/control02.ctl'
*.remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE'
---2个节点都创建路径
mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/admin/raclhr/adump
mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/raclhr/
mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/oradata/raclhr/
--- 节点一执行
su - grid
asmcmd
cd +DATA
mkdir raclhr
cd raclhr
mkdir PARAMETERFILE
su - oracle
sqlplus / as sysdba
create spfile='+DATA/raclhr/PARAMETERFILE/spfileraclhr.ora' from pfile;
---2个节点都执行 创建初始化参数文件执行ASM磁盘里的SPFILE
cp ORACLE_HOME/dbs/initraclhr1.ora_bk
echo "spfile='+DATA/raclhr/PARAMETERFILE/spfileraclhr.ora'" > $ORACLE_HOME/dbs/initraclhr1.ora
echo "spfile='+DATA/raclhr/PARAMETERFILE/spfileraclhr.ora'" > $ORACLE_HOME/dbs/initraclhr2.ora
------------ 4、节点一启动到nomount状态
startup nomount
! ps -ef|grep raclhr
show parameter spfile
------------ 5、 创建DB
CREATE DATABASE raclhr
USER SYS IDENTIFIED BY lhr
USER SYSTEM IDENTIFIED BY lhr
CONTROLFILE REUSE
CHARACTER SET ZHS16GBK
NATIONAL CHARACTER SET AL16UTF16
EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL
ARCHIVELOG
MAXLOGFILES 192 MAXLOGMEMBERS 5 MAXLOGHISTORY 292 MAXDATAFILES 1024 MAXINSTANCES 32
LOGFILE GROUP 1('+DATA','+DATA') SIZE 50M BLOCKSIZE 512,
GROUP 2('+DATA','+DATA') SIZE 50M blocksize 512,
GROUP 3('+DATA','+DATA') SIZE 50M BLOCKSIZE 512
DATAFILE '+DATA' SIZE 300M REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 10M MAXSIZE 10G
SYSAUX DATAFILE '+DATA' SIZE 100M REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 10M MAXSIZE 10G
SET DEFAULT bigfile TABLESPACE
DEFAULT TEMPORARY TABLESPACE TEMP TEMPFILE '+DATA' SIZE 10M REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 10M MAXSIZE 1G
UNDO TABLESPACE UNDOTBS1 DATAFILE '+DATA'SIZE 10M REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 10M MAXSIZE 1G
DEFAULT TABLESPACE USERS DATAFILE '+DATA' SIZE 10M REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 10M MAXSIZE 10G
;
/* --------- BIGFILE
CREATE DATABASE raclhr
USER SYS IDENTIFIED BY lhr
USER SYSTEM IDENTIFIED BY lhr
CONTROLFILE REUSE
EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL
SET DEFAULT bigfile TABLESPACE
DEFAULT TEMPORARY TABLESPACE TEMP
UNDO TABLESPACE UNDOTBS1
DEFAULT TABLESPACE USERS
;
*/
------------ 6、 修改rac需要的内容
create undo tablespace UNDOTBS2 datafile '+DATA' size 50M reuse autoextend off;
alter database add logfile thread 2 group 4 ('+DATA','+FRA') SIZE 50M BLOCKSIZE 512;
alter database add logfile thread 2 group 5 ('+DATA','+FRA') SIZE 50M BLOCKSIZE 512;
alter database add logfile thread 2 group 6 ('+DATA','+FRA') SIZE 50M BLOCKSIZE 512;
select * from v$log;
ALTER SYSTEM SET cluster_database=true scope=spfile sid='*';
ALTER SYSTEM SET instance_number=1 scope=spfile sid='raclhr1';
ALTER SYSTEM SET instance_number=2 scope=spfile sid='raclhr2';
ALTER SYSTEM SET thread=1 scope=spfile sid='raclhr1';
ALTER SYSTEM SET thread=2 scope=spfile sid='raclhr2';
ALTER SYSTEM SET undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1' scope=spfile sid='raclhr1';
ALTER SYSTEM SET undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS2' scope=spfile sid='raclhr2';
alter database enable public thread 2;
shutdown immediate
------------ 7、 启动2个节点
------ rac 数据库添加到srvctl中
srvctl add database -d raclhr -c rac -o /oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db -p '+DATA/raclhr/PARAMETERFILE/spfileraclhr.ora' -r primary -n raclhr
srvctl config database -d raclhr -a
srvctl add instance -d raclhr -i raclhr1 -n ZFXDESKDB1
srvctl add instance -d raclhr -i raclhr2 -n ZFXDESKDB2
srvctl status database -d raclhr
srvctl stop db -d raclhr
srvctl start db -d raclhr
srvctl status database -d raclhr
crsctl stat res -t
------------ 8、 编译数据字典脚本
SPOOL /tmp/dictionary_tmp.sql
@?/rdbms/admin/catalog.sql
@?/rdbms/admin/catproc.sql
@?/rdbms/admin/catclust.sql
@?/rdbms/admin/dbmspool.sql
@?/rdbms/admin/catblock.sql
@?/rdbms/admin/caths.sql
@?/rdbms/admin/owminst.plb
@?/sqlplus/admin/plustrce.sql
@?/rdbms/admin/utlrp.sql
@?/rdbms/admin/utlsampl.sql
conn system/lhr
@?/sqlplus/admin/pupbld.sql
@?/sqlplus/admin/help/hlpbld.sql helpus.sql
SPOOL off
------ drop database
alter system set cluster_database=false scope=spfile;
! srvctl stop db -d raclhr
startup force mount restrict;
drop database;
一.6.2 10G
export ORACLE_SID=lhrdb
orapwd file=$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/orapwlhrdb password=lhr force=y
vi $ORACLE_HOME/dbs/initlhrdb.ora
db_name=lhrdb
processes=150
max_dump_file_size=10240
global_names=TRUE
control_files=('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/lhrdb/control01.ora','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/lhrdb/control02.ora')
sga_target=400m
undo_management='AUTO'
undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'
mkdir -p $ORACLE_BASE/oradata/lhrdb
mkdir -p $ORACLE_BASE/lhrdb/adump
mkdir -p $ORACLE_BASE/lhrdb/bdump
mkdir -p $ORACLE_BASE/lhrdb/cdump
mkdir -p $ORACLE_BASE/lhrdb/ddump
mkdir -p $ORACLE_BASE/lhrdb/udump
sqlplus / as sysdba
create spfile from pfile;
startup nomount;
CREATE DATABASE lhrdb
USER SYS IDENTIFIED BY lhr
USER SYSTEM IDENTIFIED BY lhr
CONTROLFILE REUSE
CHARACTER SET ZHS16GBK
NATIONAL CHARACTER SET AL16UTF16
EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL
ARCHIVELOG
MAXLOGFILES 24 MAXLOGMEMBERS 5 MAXLOGHISTORY 292 MAXDATAFILES 1024 MAXINSTANCES 12
LOGFILE GROUP 1 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/lhrdb/redo01.log') SIZE 50M,
GROUP 2 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/lhrdb/redo02.log') SIZE 50M,
GROUP 3 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/lhrdb/redo03.log') SIZE 50M
DATAFILE '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/lhrdb/system01.dbf' SIZE 300M REUSE
SYSAUX DATAFILE '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/lhrdb/sysaux01.dbf' SIZE 100M REUSE
DEFAULT TEMPORARY TABLESPACE temp TEMPFILE '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/lhrdb/temp01.dbf' SIZE 20M REUSE
UNDO TABLESPACE undotbs1 DATAFILE '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/lhrdb/undotbs01.dbf' SIZE 10M REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 10M MAXSIZE 1G ;
conn / as sysdba
SPOOL /tmp/dictionary_tmp.sql
@?/rdbms/admin/catalog.sql
@?/rdbms/admin/catproc.sql
@?/rdbms/admin/catclust.sql
@?/rdbms/admin/dbmspool.sql
@?/rdbms/admin/catblock.sql
@?/rdbms/admin/caths.sql
@?/rdbms/admin/owminst.plb
@?/sqlplus/admin/plustrce.sql
@?/rdbms/admin/utlrp.sql
@?/rdbms/admin/utlsampl.sql
conn system/lhr
@?/sqlplus/admin/pupbld.sql
@?/sqlplus/admin/help/hlpbld.sql helpus.sql
SPOOL off
一.6.3 创建bigfile的db报错
ORA-01092: ORACLE instance terminated. Disconnection forced
ORA-01501: CREATE DATABASE failed
ORA-01519: error while processing file '?/rdbms/admin/dtxnspc.bsq' near line 20
ORA-00604: error occurred at recursive SQL level 1
ORA-32772: BIGFILE is invalid option for this type of tablespace
Process ID: 12451948
Session ID: 156 Serial number: 3
--------- 解决办法:SET DEFAULT bigfile TABLESPACE 位置不对,应该如下:
/* ---------BIGFILE
CREATE DATABASE lhrasm
USER SYS IDENTIFIED BY lhr
USER SYSTEM IDENTIFIED BY lhr
CONTROLFILE REUSE
CONTROLFILE REUSE
CHARACTER SET ZHS16GBK
NATIONAL CHARACTER SET AL16UTF16
EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL
ARCHIVELOG
MAXLOGFILES 192 MAXLOGMEMBERS 5 MAXLOGHISTORY 292 MAXDATAFILES 1024 MAXINSTANCES 32
LOGFILE GROUP 1('+DATA','+DATA') SIZE 50M BLOCKSIZE 512,
GROUP 2('+DATA','+DATA') SIZE 50M blocksize 512,
GROUP 3('+DATA','+DATA') SIZE 50M BLOCKSIZE 512
DATAFILE '+DATA' SIZE 300M REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON MAXSIZE UNLIMITED
SYSAUX DATAFILE '+DATA' SIZE 100M REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON MAXSIZE UNLIMITED
SET DEFAULT bigfile TABLESPACE
DEFAULT TEMPORARY TABLESPACE TEMP TEMPFILE '+DATA' SIZE 20M REUSE AUTOEXTEND OFF
UNDO TABLESPACE UNDOTBS1 DATAFILE '+DATA'SIZE 50M REUSE AUTOEXTEND OFF
DEFAULT TABLESPACE USERS DATAFILE '+DATA' SIZE 500M REUSE AUTOEXTEND OFF
;
CREATE DATABASE lhrasm
USER SYS IDENTIFIED BY lhr
USER SYSTEM IDENTIFIED BY lhr
CONTROLFILE REUSE
EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL
SET DEFAULT bigfile TABLESPACE
DEFAULT TEMPORARY TABLESPACE TEMP
UNDO TABLESPACE UNDOTBS1
DEFAULT TABLESPACE USERS
;
*/
一.7 手动建库中的组件安装
------ 安装JVM
@?/javavm/install/initjvm.sql;
@?/xdk/admin/initxml.sql;
@?/xdk/admin/xmlja.sql;
@?/rdbms/admin/catjava.sql;
-- 安装XMLDB
@?/rdbms/admin/catqm.sql oracle SYSAUX TEMP YES
@?/rdbms/admin/catxdbj.sql;
其它组件安装可以参考:http://blog.itpub.net/26736162/viewspace-1562441/
一.8 如何安装Sample Schemas
dbca静默安装中有个参数是sampleSchema我们若设置为true,则安装后数据库中有EXAMPLE表空间,有HR,OE,PM,SH,IX用户,大约占用350M的空间,若设置为false,则后续可以根据以下文档来安装。
【OH】 Database Sample Schemas -- Installation and Descriptions :http://blog.itpub.net/26736162/viewspace-2098222/
一.9 手动建库中常用脚本的解释
更多的数据字典脚本说明可以参考:【OH】常用数据字典脚本说明 SQL Scripts :http://blog.itpub.net/26736162/viewspace-2098205/
Script Name | Needed For | Run By | Description |
catalog.sql | All databases | SYS | Creates the data dictionary and public synonyms for many of its views |
catproc.sql | All databases | SYS | Runs all scripts required for, or used with, PL/SQL |
catclust.sql | Real Application Clusters | SYS | Creates Real Application Clusters data dictionary views |
catblock.sql | Performance management | SYS | Creates views that can dynamically display lock dependency graphs |
dbmspool.sql | Performance management | SYS or SYSDBA | Enables DBA to lock PL/SQL packages, SQL statements, and triggers into the shared pool |
caths.sql | Heterogeneous Services | SYS | Installs packages for administering heterogeneous services |
@?/rdbms/admin/owminst.plb |
| sys | 创建WMSYS用户 |
@?/sqlplus/admin/pupbld.sql |
| system | 解决PRODUCT_USER_PROFILE问题 |
@?/sqlplus/admin/plustrce.sql |
| sys | 普通用户set autot on的权限 |
@?/sqlplus/admin/help/hlpbld.sql helpus.sql |
| system | sqlplus的帮助文档 |
一.10 关于sqlplus的帮助命令
手动建库最后有个脚本:@?/sqlplus/admin/help/hlpbld.sql helpus.sql是用来生成sqlpuls的帮助命令的,我们演示如下:
[ZFXDESKDB1:oracle]:/oracle>cd $ORACLE_HOME/sqlplus/admin/help
[ZFXDESKDB1:oracle]:/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db/sqlplus/admin/help>l
total 168
-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle dba 265 Feb 16 2003 helpbld.sql
-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle dba 366 Jan 03 2011 helpdrop.sql
-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle dba 71817 Aug 16 2012 helpus.sql
-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle dba 2154 Jan 03 2011 hlpbld.sql
[ZFXDESKDB1:oracle]:/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db/sqlplus/admin/help>more helpbld.sql
--
-- Copyright (c) Oracle Corporation 2003. All Rights Reserved.
--
-- NAME
-- helpbld.sql
--
-- DESCRIPTION
-- Invoke and execute the script to loads the SQL*Plus HELP system and
-- upon completion, exit the SQL*Plus connection
--
@@&1/hlpbld.sql &2
exit
[ZFXDESKDB1:oracle]:/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db/sqlplus/admin/help>sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.4.0 Production on Wed Jul 13 09:54:19 2016
Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, Real Application Clusters, Automatic Storage Management, OLAP,
Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
SYS@omflhr> ? set
SP2-0171: HELP system not available.
SYS@omflhr> @?/sqlplus/admin/help/hlpbld.sql helpus.sql
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
Table created.
Grant succeeded.
。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。
Commit complete.
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
SYS@omflhr> ? set
SET
---
Sets a system variable to alter the SQL*Plus environment settings
for your current session. For example, to:
- set the display width for data
- customize HTML formatting
- enable or disable printing of column headings
- set the number of lines per page
SET system_variable value
where system_variable and value represent one of the following clauses:
APPI[NFO]{OFF|ON|text} NEWP[AGE] {1|n|NONE}
ARRAY[SIZE] {15|n} NULL text
AUTO[COMMIT] {OFF|ON|IMM[EDIATE]|n} NUMF[ORMAT] format
AUTOP[RINT] {OFF|ON} NUM[WIDTH] {10|n}
AUTORECOVERY {OFF|ON} PAGES[IZE] {14|n}
AUTOT[RACE] {OFF|ON|TRACE[ONLY]} PAU[SE] {OFF|ON|text}
[EXP[LAIN]] [STAT[ISTICS]] RECSEP {WR[APPED]|EA[CH]|OFF}
BLO[CKTERMINATOR] {.|c|ON|OFF} RECSEPCHAR {_|c}
CMDS[EP] {;|c|OFF|ON} SERVEROUT[PUT] {ON|OFF}
COLSEP {_|text} [SIZE {n | UNLIMITED}]
CON[CAT] {.|c|ON|OFF} [FOR[MAT] {WRA[PPED] |
COPYC[OMMIT] {0|n} WOR[D_WRAPPED] |
COPYTYPECHECK {ON|OFF} TRU[NCATED]}]
DEF[INE] {&|c|ON|OFF} SHIFT[INOUT] {VIS[IBLE] |
DESCRIBE [DEPTH {1|n|ALL}] INV[ISIBLE]}
[LINENUM {OFF|ON}] [INDENT {OFF|ON}] SHOW[MODE] {OFF|ON}
ECHO {OFF|ON} SQLBL[ANKLINES] {OFF|ON}
EDITF[ILE] file_name[.ext] SQLC[ASE] {MIX[ED] |
EMB[EDDED] {OFF|ON} LO[WER] | UP[PER]}
ERRORL[OGGING] {ON|OFF} SQLCO[NTINUE] {> | text}
[TABLE [schema.]tablename] SQLN[UMBER] {ON|OFF}
[TRUNCATE] [IDENTIFIER identifier] SQLPLUSCOMPAT[IBILITY] {x.y[.z]}
ESC[APE] {\|c|OFF|ON} SQLPRE[FIX] {#|c}
ESCCHAR {@|?|%|$|OFF} SQLP[ROMPT] {SQL>|text}
EXITC[OMMIT] {ON|OFF} SQLT[ERMINATOR] {;|c|ON|OFF}
FEED[BACK] {6|n|ON|OFF} SUF[FIX] {SQL|text}
FLAGGER {OFF|ENTRY|INTERMED[IATE]|FULL} TAB {ON|OFF}
FLU[SH] {ON|OFF} TERM[OUT] {ON|OFF}
HEA[DING] {ON|OFF} TI[ME] {OFF|ON}
HEADS[EP] {||c|ON|OFF} TIMI[NG] {OFF|ON}
INSTANCE [instance_path|LOCAL] TRIM[OUT] {ON|OFF}
LIN[ESIZE] {80|n} TRIMS[POOL] {OFF|ON}
LOBOF[FSET] {1|n} UND[ERLINE] {-|c|ON|OFF}
LOGSOURCE [pathname] VER[IFY] {ON|OFF}
LONG {80|n} WRA[P] {ON|OFF}
LONGC[HUNKSIZE] {80|n} XQUERY {BASEURI text|
MARK[UP] HTML [OFF|ON] ORDERING{UNORDERED|
[HEAD text] [BODY text] [TABLE text] ORDERED|DEFAULT}|
[ENTMAP {ON|OFF}] NODE{BYVALUE|BYREFERENCE|
[SPOOL {OFF|ON}] DEFAULT}|
[PRE[FORMAT] {OFF|ON}] CONTEXT text}
SYS@omflhr>
SYS@omflhr> ? index
Enter Help [topic] for help.
@ COPY PAUSE SHUTDOWN
@@ DEFINE PRINT SPOOL
/ DEL PROMPT SQLPLUS
ACCEPT DESCRIBE QUIT START
APPEND DISCONNECT RECOVER STARTUP
ARCHIVE LOG EDIT REMARK STORE
ATTRIBUTE EXECUTE REPFOOTER TIMING
BREAK EXIT REPHEADER TTITLE
BTITLE GET RESERVED WORDS (SQL) UNDEFINE
CHANGE HELP RESERVED WORDS (PL/SQL) VARIABLE
CLEAR HOST RUN WHENEVER OSERROR
COLUMN INPUT SAVE WHENEVER SQLERROR
COMPUTE LIST SET XQUERY
CONNECT PASSWORD SHOW
SYS@omflhr>
About Me
..........................................................................................................................................................................................................
本文作者:小麦苗,只专注于数据库的技术,更注重技术的运用
本文在ITpub(http://blog.itpub.net/26736162)和博客园(http://www.cnblogs.com/lhrbest)有同步更新
本文地址:http://blog.itpub.net/26736162/viewspace-2121981/
本文pdf版:http://yunpan.cn/cdEQedhCs2kFz (提取码:ed9b)
小麦苗分享的其它资料:http://blog.itpub.net/26736162/viewspace-1624453/
联系我请加QQ好友(642808185),注明添加缘由
于 2016-07-13 09:00~ 2016-07-13 17:00 在中行完成
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