单步指令区别step next stepi nexti

https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_43092232/article/details/106243657

https://blog.csdn.net/www_dong/article/details/117374370

 

代码验证:

龙芯3A5000验证

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$ cat test.c #include<stdio.h> int  add ( int d1, int d2 ) {   int d;   d = d1 + 1;   d = d + d2 + 2;   return d; }   int  add1 ( int d1, int d2 ) {   int d;   d = d1 + 10;   d = d + d2 + 20;   return d; }   int main() {    int a = 0, b = 0;    a = b + 1;    a = add(a, b);    a = a + 10;    b = add1(a, b);    b = a + b;    return 1; } 桌面20.3系统 lihui@lihui-pc:~/community/build$ gcc -v   gcc version 8.3.0 (Loongnix 8.3.0-6.lnd.vec.33)   lihui@lihui-pc:~/community/build$ gdb/gdb -v   GNU gdb (GDB) 14.0.50.20230705-git       lihui@lihui-pc:~/community/build$ gcc -g test.c -o test lihui@lihui-pc:~/community/build$ objdump -d test   00000001200006d0 <add>:    1200006d0:   02ff4063    addi.d  $r3,$r3,-48(0xfd0)    1200006d4:   29c0a076    st.d    $r22,$r3,40(0x28)    1200006d8:   02c0c076    addi.d  $r22,$r3,48(0x30)    1200006dc:   0015008d    move    $r13,$r4    1200006e0:   001500ac    move    $r12,$r5    1200006e4:   004081ad    slli.w  $r13,$r13,0x0    1200006e8:   29bf72cd    st.w    $r13,$r22,-36(0xfdc)    1200006ec:   0040818c    slli.w  $r12,$r12,0x0    1200006f0:   29bf62cc    st.w    $r12,$r22,-40(0xfd8)    1200006f4:   28bf72cc    ld.w    $r12,$r22,-36(0xfdc)    1200006f8:   0280058c    addi.w  $r12,$r12,1(0x1)    1200006fc:   29bfb2cc    st.w    $r12,$r22,-20(0xfec)    120000700:   28bfb2cd    ld.w    $r13,$r22,-20(0xfec)    120000704:   28bf62cc    ld.w    $r12,$r22,-40(0xfd8)    120000708:   001031ac    add.w   $r12,$r13,$r12    12000070c:   0280098c    addi.w  $r12,$r12,2(0x2)    120000710:   29bfb2cc    st.w    $r12,$r22,-20(0xfec)    120000714:   28bfb2cc    ld.w    $r12,$r22,-20(0xfec)    120000718:   00150184    move    $r4,$r12    12000071c:   28c0a076    ld.d    $r22,$r3,40(0x28)    120000720:   02c0c063    addi.d  $r3,$r3,48(0x30)    120000724:   4c000020    jirl    $r0,$r1,0   0000000120000728 <add1>:    120000728:   02ff4063    addi.d  $r3,$r3,-48(0xfd0)    12000072c:   29c0a076    st.d    $r22,$r3,40(0x28)    120000730:   02c0c076    addi.d  $r22,$r3,48(0x30)    120000734:   0015008d    move    $r13,$r4    120000738:   001500ac    move    $r12,$r5    12000073c:   004081ad    slli.w  $r13,$r13,0x0    120000740:   29bf72cd    st.w    $r13,$r22,-36(0xfdc)    120000744:   0040818c    slli.w  $r12,$r12,0x0    120000748:   29bf62cc    st.w    $r12,$r22,-40(0xfd8)    12000074c:   28bf72cc    ld.w    $r12,$r22,-36(0xfdc)    120000750:   0280298c    addi.w  $r12,$r12,10(0xa)    120000754:   29bfb2cc    st.w    $r12,$r22,-20(0xfec)    120000758:   28bfb2cd    ld.w    $r13,$r22,-20(0xfec)    12000075c:   28bf62cc    ld.w    $r12,$r22,-40(0xfd8)    120000760:   001031ac    add.w   $r12,$r13,$r12    120000764:   0280518c    addi.w  $r12,$r12,20(0x14)    120000768:   29bfb2cc    st.w    $r12,$r22,-20(0xfec)    12000076c:   28bfb2cc    ld.w    $r12,$r22,-20(0xfec)    120000770:   00150184    move    $r4,$r12    120000774:   28c0a076    ld.d    $r22,$r3,40(0x28)    120000778:   02c0c063    addi.d  $r3,$r3,48(0x30)    12000077c:   4c000020    jirl    $r0,$r1,0   0000000120000780 <main>:    120000780:   02ff8063    addi.d  $r3,$r3,-32(0xfe0)    120000784:   29c06061    st.d    $r1,$r3,24(0x18)    120000788:   29c04076    st.d    $r22,$r3,16(0x10)    12000078c:   02c08076    addi.d  $r22,$r3,32(0x20)    120000790:   29bfb2c0    st.w    $r0,$r22,-20(0xfec)    120000794:   29bfa2c0    st.w    $r0,$r22,-24(0xfe8)    120000798:   28bfa2cc    ld.w    $r12,$r22,-24(0xfe8)    12000079c:   0280058c    addi.w  $r12,$r12,1(0x1)    1200007a0:   29bfb2cc    st.w    $r12,$r22,-20(0xfec)    1200007a4:   28bfa2cd    ld.w    $r13,$r22,-24(0xfe8)    1200007a8:   28bfb2cc    ld.w    $r12,$r22,-20(0xfec)    1200007ac:   001501a5    move    $r5,$r13    1200007b0:   00150184    move    $r4,$r12    1200007b4:   57ff1fff    bl  -228(0xfffff1c) # 1200006d0 <add>    1200007b8:   0015008c    move    $r12,$r4    1200007bc:   29bfb2cc    st.w    $r12,$r22,-20(0xfec)    1200007c0:   28bfb2cc    ld.w    $r12,$r22,-20(0xfec)    1200007c4:   0280298c    addi.w  $r12,$r12,10(0xa)    1200007c8:   29bfb2cc    st.w    $r12,$r22,-20(0xfec)    1200007cc:   28bfa2cd    ld.w    $r13,$r22,-24(0xfe8)    1200007d0:   28bfb2cc    ld.w    $r12,$r22,-20(0xfec)    1200007d4:   001501a5    move    $r5,$r13    1200007d8:   00150184    move    $r4,$r12    1200007dc:   57ff4fff    bl  -180(0xfffff4c) # 120000728 <add1>    1200007e0:   0015008c    move    $r12,$r4    1200007e4:   29bfa2cc    st.w    $r12,$r22,-24(0xfe8)    1200007e8:   28bfa2cd    ld.w    $r13,$r22,-24(0xfe8)    1200007ec:   28bfb2cc    ld.w    $r12,$r22,-20(0xfec)    1200007f0:   001031ac    add.w   $r12,$r13,$r12    1200007f4:   29bfa2cc    st.w    $r12,$r22,-24(0xfe8)    1200007f8:   0280040c    addi.w  $r12,$r0,1(0x1)    1200007fc:   00150184    move    $r4,$r12    120000800:   28c06061    ld.d    $r1,$r3,24(0x18)    120000804:   28c04076    ld.d    $r22,$r3,16(0x10)    120000808:   02c08063    addi.d  $r3,$r3,32(0x20)    12000080c:   4c000020    jirl    $r0,$r1,0       验证next   lihui@lihui-pc:~/community/build$ gdb/gdb test ... (gdb) start Temporary breakpoint 1 at 0x120000790: file test.c, line 20. Starting program: /home/lihui/community/build/test   Temporary breakpoint 1, main () at test.c:20 20     int a = 0, b = 0; (gdb) l 15    return d; 16  } 17  18  int main() 19  { 20     int a = 0, b = 0; 21     a = b + 1; 22     a = add(a, b); 23     a = a + 10; 24     b = add1(a, b); (gdb) next 21     a = b + 1; (gdb) next 22     a = add(a, b); (gdb) next 23     a = a + 10; (gdb) next 24     b = add1(a, b); (gdb) next 25     b = a + b; (gdb) next 26     return 1; (gdb) next 27  } ...     验证step   lihui@lihui-pc:~/community/build$ gdb/gdb test ... (gdb) start .. Temporary breakpoint 1, main () at test.c:20 20     int a = 0, b = 0; (gdb) step 21     a = b + 1; (gdb) step 22     a = add(a, b); (gdb) step add (d1=1, d2=0) at test.c:5 5     d = d1 + 1; (gdb) step 6     d = d + d2 + 2; (gdb) step 7     return d; (gdb) step 8   } (gdb) step main () at test.c:23 23     a = a + 10; (gdb) step 24     b = add1(a, b); (gdb) step add1 (d1=14, d2=0) at test.c:13 13    d = d1 + 10; (gdb) step 14    d = d + d2 + 20; (gdb) step 15    return d; (gdb) step 16  } (gdb) step main () at test.c:25 25     b = a + b; (gdb) step 26     return 1; (gdb) step 27  }     可以看到next命令遇到函数不进入，step遇到函数进入，符合预期。   验证nexti   lihui@lihui-pc:~/community/build$ gdb/gdb test ... (gdb) start Temporary breakpoint 1 at 0x120000790: file test.c, line 20. Starting program: /home/lihui/community/build/test   Temporary breakpoint 1, main () at test.c:20 20     int a = 0, b = 0; (gdb) nexti 20     int a = 0, b = 0; (gdb) nexti 21     a = b + 1; (gdb) nexti 0x000000012000079c  21     a = b + 1; (gdb) nexti 0x00000001200007a0  21     a = b + 1; (gdb) nexti 22     a = add(a, b); (gdb) nexti 0x00000001200007a8  22     a = add(a, b); (gdb) nexti 0x00000001200007ac  22     a = add(a, b); (gdb) nexti 0x00000001200007b0  22     a = add(a, b); (gdb) nexti 0x00000001200007b4  22     a = add(a, b); (gdb) nexti 0x00000001200007b8  22     a = add(a, b); (gdb) nexti 0x00000001200007bc  22     a = add(a, b); (gdb) nexti 23     a = a + 10; (gdb) nexti 0x00000001200007c4  23     a = a + 10; (gdb) nexti 0x00000001200007c8  23     a = a + 10; (gdb) nexti 24     b = add1(a, b); (gdb) nexti 0x00000001200007d0  24     b = add1(a, b); (gdb) nexti 0x00000001200007d4  24     b = add1(a, b); (gdb) nexti 0x00000001200007d8  24     b = add1(a, b); (gdb) nexti 0x00000001200007dc  24     b = add1(a, b); (gdb) nexti 0x00000001200007e0  24     b = add1(a, b); (gdb) nexti 0x00000001200007e4  24     b = add1(a, b); (gdb) nexti 25     b = a + b; (gdb) nexti 0x00000001200007ec  25     b = a + b; (gdb) nexti 0x00000001200007f0  25     b = a + b; (gdb) nexti 0x00000001200007f4  25     b = a + b; (gdb) nexti 26     return 1; (gdb) nexti 27  }   nexti是逐条指令执行，但是没有进入到add和add1函数，跳过了这两个函数继续执行下面的指令。     验证stepi lihui@lihui-pc:~/community/build$ gdb/gdb test ... (gdb) start Temporary breakpoint 1 at 0x120000790: file test.c, line 20. Starting program: /home/lihui/community/build/test   Temporary breakpoint 1, main () at test.c:20 20     int a = 0, b = 0; (gdb) next 21     a = b + 1; (gdb) next 22     a = add(a, b); (gdb) stepi 0x00000001200007a8  22     a = add(a, b); (gdb) stepi 0x00000001200007ac  22     a = add(a, b); (gdb) stepi 0x00000001200007b0  22     a = add(a, b); (gdb) stepi 0x00000001200007b4  22     a = add(a, b); (gdb) stepi add (d1=0, d2=0) at test.c:3 3   { (gdb) stepi 0x00000001200006d4  3   { (gdb) stepi 0x00000001200006d8  3   { (gdb) stepi 0x00000001200006dc  3   { (gdb) stepi 0x00000001200006e0  3   { (gdb) stepi 0x00000001200006e4  3   { (gdb) stepi 0x00000001200006e8  3   { (gdb) stepi 0x00000001200006ec  3   { (gdb) stepi 0x00000001200006f0  3   { (gdb) stepi 5     d = d1 + 1; (gdb) stepi 0x00000001200006f8  5     d = d1 + 1; (gdb) stepi 0x00000001200006fc  5     d = d1 + 1; (gdb) stepi 6     d = d + d2 + 2; (gdb) stepi 0x0000000120000704  6     d = d + d2 + 2; (gdb) stepi 0x0000000120000708  6     d = d + d2 + 2; (gdb) stepi 6     d = d + d2 + 2; (gdb) stepi 0x0000000120000710  6     d = d + d2 + 2; (gdb) stepi 7     return d; (gdb) stepi 8   } (gdb) next main () at test.c:23 23     a = a + 10; (gdb) next 24     b = add1(a, b); (gdb) stepi 0x00000001200007d0  24     b = add1(a, b); (gdb) stepi 0x00000001200007d4  24     b = add1(a, b); (gdb) stepi 0x00000001200007d8  24     b = add1(a, b); (gdb) stepi 0x00000001200007dc  24     b = add1(a, b); (gdb) stepi add1 (d1=1, d2=0) at test.c:11 11  { (gdb) stepi 0x000000012000072c  11  { (gdb) stepi 0x0000000120000730  11  { (gdb) stepi 0x0000000120000734  11  { (gdb) stepi 0x0000000120000738  11  { (gdb) stepi 0x000000012000073c  11  { (gdb) stepi 0x0000000120000740  11  { (gdb) stepi 0x0000000120000744  11  { (gdb) stepi 0x0000000120000748  11  { (gdb) stepi 13    d = d1 + 10; (gdb) stepi 0x0000000120000750  13    d = d1 + 10; (gdb) stepi 0x0000000120000754  13    d = d1 + 10; (gdb) stepi 14    d = d + d2 + 20; (gdb) stepi 0x000000012000075c  14    d = d + d2 + 20; (gdb) stepi 0x0000000120000760  14    d = d + d2 + 20; (gdb) stepi 14    d = d + d2 + 20; (gdb) stepi 0x0000000120000768  14    d = d + d2 + 20; (gdb) stepi 15    return d; (gdb) stepi 16  } (gdb) next main () at test.c:25 25     b = a + b; (gdb) next 26     return 1; (gdb) next 27  }   可以看到stepi也是逐条指令执行，会进入到函数add和add1内部执行，符合预期