backboneJS入门项目todos解析

backbone.js的中文文档：http://www.csser.com/tools/backbone/backbone.js.html#manual/Collection-create

看了个很不错的入门项目，逻辑写得很好。刚开始看有点吃力，不过结合研究了几个小时，终于算是明白了。

项目分为几个部分：

1.module部分，也就是todo,定义了todo的几个属性

var Todo = Backbone.Model.extend({

    // Default attributes for the todo item.
    defaults: function() {
      return {
        title: "empty todo...",
        order: Todos.nextOrder(),
        done: false
      };
    },

    // Toggle the `done` state of this todo item.
    toggle: function() {
      this.save({done: !this.get("done")});
    }

  });

2.Collection部分，也就是TodoList，这里运用了Backbone.LocalStorage这个h5的js库用于数据存储，其中done和remaining方法用于判断todolist中是否完成的项目，nextOrder

var TodoList = Backbone.Collection.extend({

    // Reference to this collection's model.
    model: Todo,

    // Save all of the todo items under the `"todos-backbone"` namespace.
    localStorage: new Backbone.LocalStorage("todos-backbone"),

    // Filter down the list of all todo items that are finished.
    done: function() {
      return this.where({done: true});
    },

    // Filter down the list to only todo items that are still not finished.
    remaining: function() {
      return this.without.apply(this, this.done());
    },

    // We keep the Todos in sequential order, despite being saved by unordered
    // GUID in the database. This generates the next order number for new items.
    nextOrder: function() {
      if (!this.length) return 1;
      return this.last().get('order') + 1;
    },

    // Todos are sorted by their original insertion order.
    comparator: 'order'

  });

3.view部分，这里用了underscore的一个模板库，中间也为了简化流程，把逻辑分为两个具体的 view，TodoView和Appview，前者主要是包含todo-list其中的内容渲染和各种触发器的设置，Appview是整个程序的入口...其中各种事件的触发可能需要研究下backbonejs的api才会更加明白

  // The DOM element for a todo item...
  var TodoView = Backbone.View.extend({

    //... is a list tag.
    tagName:  "li",

    // Cache the template function for a single item.
    template: _.template($('#item-template').html()),

    // The DOM events specific to an item.
    events: {
      "click .toggle"   : "toggleDone",
      "dblclick .view"  : "edit",
      "click a.destroy" : "clear",
      "keypress .edit"  : "updateOnEnter",
      "blur .edit"      : "close"
    },

    // The TodoView listens for changes to its model, re-rendering. Since there's
    // a one-to-one correspondence between a **Todo** and a **TodoView** in this
    // app, we set a direct reference on the model for convenience.
    initialize: function() {
      this.listenTo(this.model, 'change', this.render);
      this.listenTo(this.model, 'destroy', this.remove);
    },

    // Re-render the titles of the todo item.
    render: function() {
      this.$el.html(this.template(this.model.toJSON()));
      this.$el.toggleClass('done', this.model.get('done'));
      this.input = this.$('.edit');
      return this;
    },

    // Toggle the `"done"` state of the model.
    toggleDone: function() {
      this.model.toggle();
    },

    // Switch this view into `"editing"` mode, displaying the input field.
    edit: function() {
      this.$el.addClass("editing");
      this.input.focus();
    },

    // Close the `"editing"` mode, saving changes to the todo.
    close: function() {
      var value = this.input.val();
      if (!value) {
        this.clear();
      } else {
        this.model.save({title: value});
        this.$el.removeClass("editing");
      }
    },

    // If you hit `enter`, we're through editing the item.
    updateOnEnter: function(e) {
      if (e.keyCode == 13) this.close();
    },

    // Remove the item, destroy the model.
    clear: function() {
      this.model.destroy();
    }

  });

  // The Application
  // ---------------

  // Our overall **AppView** is the top-level piece of UI.
  var AppView = Backbone.View.extend({

    // Instead of generating a new element, bind to the existing skeleton of
    // the App already present in the HTML.
    el: $("#todoapp"),

    // Our template for the line of statistics at the bottom of the app.
    statsTemplate: _.template($('#stats-template').html()),

    // Delegated events for creating new items, and clearing completed ones.
    events: {
      "keypress #new-todo":  "createOnEnter",
      "click #clear-completed": "clearCompleted",
      "click #toggle-all": "toggleAllComplete"
    },

    // At initialization we bind to the relevant events on the `Todos`
    // collection, when items are added or changed. Kick things off by
    // loading any preexisting todos that might be saved in *localStorage*.
    initialize: function() {

      this.input = this.$("#new-todo");
      this.allCheckbox = this.$("#toggle-all")[0];

      this.listenTo(Todos, 'add', this.addOne);
      this.listenTo(Todos, 'reset', this.addAll);
      this.listenTo(Todos, 'all', this.render); //Todos.bind("all",this.render);

      this.footer = this.$('footer');
      this.main = $('#main');

      Todos.fetch();   //trigger function reset
    },

    // Re-rendering the App just means refreshing the statistics -- the rest
    // of the app doesn't change.
    render: function() {
      var done = Todos.done().length;
      var remaining = Todos.remaining().length;

      if (Todos.length) {
        this.main.show();
        this.footer.show();
        this.footer.html(this.statsTemplate({done: done, remaining: remaining}));
      } else {
        this.main.hide();
        this.footer.hide();
      }

      this.allCheckbox.checked = !remaining;   //!!
    },

    // Add a single todo item to the list by creating a view for it, and
    // appending its element to the `<ul>`.
    addOne: function(todo) {
      var view = new TodoView({model: todo});
      this.$("#todo-list").append(view.render().el);
    },

    // Add all items in the **Todos** collection at once.
    addAll: function() {
      Todos.each(this.addOne, this);
    },

    // If you hit return in the main input field, create new **Todo** model,
    // persisting it to *localStorage*.
    createOnEnter: function(e) {
      if (e.keyCode != 13) return;
      if (!this.input.val()) return;

      Todos.create({title: this.input.val()});
      this.input.val('');
    },

    // Clear all done todo items, destroying their models.
    clearCompleted: function() {
      _.invoke(Todos.done(), 'destroy');
      return false;
    },

    toggleAllComplete: function () {
      var done = this.allCheckbox.checked;
      Todos.each(function (todo) { todo.save({'done': done}); });
    }

  });

  // Finally, we kick things off by creating the **App**.
  var App = new AppView;

　 很多时候我喜欢贴上代码，思路的话通过代码会看得更加明白的。页面部分的代码我就补贴上去啦。有兴趣的可以去github上面看下：https://github.com/documentcloud/backbone/tree/master/examples/todos  这个不是我的github，官方给出的项目而已..