SpringBoot框架(2)--配置文件

1、添加新项目，选择Spring Initializr方式创建项目

 ==>命名相关信息

 

 

2、默认配置读取顺序 -- /config/路径下优先，xxx.properties 比 xxx.yml 优先

     /resourses/config/application.properties > /resourses/config/application.yml > /resourses/application.properties > /resourses/config/application.yml

注意：默认读取的配置文件必须命名为：application，否者读取不到。

2.1 通过Environment方式读取

==> /resources/application.properties文件

1 local.ip.addr=192.168.3.110-pro
复制代码
 1 package com.demo.boot.bootconfig;
 2 
 3 import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
 4 import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
 5 import org.springframework.context.ConfigurableApplicationContext;
 6 import org.springframework.core.env.Environment;
 7 
 8 @SpringBootApplication
 9 public class BootConfigApplication {
10 
11     public static void main(String[] args) {
12         ConfigurableApplicationContext context = SpringApplication.run(BootConfigApplication.class, args);
13         Environment env = context.getEnvironment();
14         String ip = env.getProperty("local.ip.addr");
15         String currentDir = env.getProperty("user.dir");
16         System.out.println(ip + "," + currentDir);
17         context.close();
18     }
19 
20 }
复制代码

 输出结果：192.168.3.100-yml,E:\selft\Java\Idea\Practice

2.2 通过@value方式读取配置

==>application.properties配置

1 redis.port=9966
2 redis.host:192.168.3.145
3 redis.auth:redis-01

 ==> 定义类：RedisConfig

复制代码
 1 package com.demo.boot.bootconfig;
 2 
 3 import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
 4 import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
 5 
 6 @Component
 7 public class RedisConfig {
 8     @Value("${redis.port:80}")//默认值:80
 9     private int port;
10 
11     @Value("${redis.host:127.0.0.1}")//默认值:127.0.0.1
12     private String host;
13 
14     @Value("${redis.auth:321}")//默认值:321
15     private String auth;
16 
17     public int getPort() {
18         return port;
19     }
20 
21     public void setPort(int port) {
22         this.port = port;
23     }
24 
25     public String getHost() {
26         return host;
27     }
28 
29     public void setHost(String host) {
30         this.host = host;
31     }
32 
33     public String getAuth() {
34         return auth;
35     }
36 
37     public void setAuth(String auth) {
38         this.auth = auth;
39     }
40 
41     public void showConfig() {
42         System.out.print(host + ":" + port + "," + auth + "\n");
43     }
44 
45 }
复制代码
1 public static void main(String[] args) {
2         ConfigurableApplicationContext context = SpringApplication.run(BootConfigApplication.class, args);
3 
4         //通过@Value方式读取配置
5         RedisConfig redisConfig = context.getBean(RedisConfig.class);
6         redisConfig.showConfig();
7         context.close();
8     }

输出：192.168.3.145:9966,redis-01

2.3 通过@ConfigurationProperties方式读取配置（配置类属性名与配置文件属性名一致）

==>application.properties文件添加以下内容

1 boot.datasource.driverClassName = com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
2 boot.datasource.url = jdbc:mysql:///db
3 boot.datasource.username = root
4 boot.datasource.password = 456

==>创建实体类：DatasourceProperties.java

复制代码
 1 package com.demo.boot.bootconfig;
 2 
 3 import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;
 4 import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
 5 
 6 @Component
 7 @ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "boot.datasource")
 8 public class DatasourceProperties {
 9     private String driverClassName;
10     private String url;
11     private String userName;
12     private String password;
13 
14     public String getDriverClassName() {
15         return driverClassName;
16     }
17 
18     public void setDriverClassName(String driverClassName) {
19         this.driverClassName = driverClassName;
20     }
21 
22     public String getUrl() {
23         return url;
24     }
25 
26     public void setUrl(String url) {
27         this.url = url;
28     }
29 
30     public String getUserName() {
31         return userName;
32     }
33 
34     public void setUserName(String userName) {
35         this.userName = userName;
36     }
37 
38     public String getPassword() {
39         return password;
40     }
41 
42     public void setPassword(String password) {
43         this.password = password;
44     }
45 
46     @Override
47     public String toString() {
48         return "DatasourceProperties{" +
49                 "driverClassName='" + driverClassName + '\'' +
50                 ", url='" + url + '\'' +
51                 ", userName='" + userName + '\'' +
52                 ", password='" + password + '\'' +
53                 '}';
54     }
55 }
复制代码

==>main方法调用

复制代码
1 public static void main(String[] args) {
2         ConfigurableApplicationContext context = SpringApplication.run(BootConfigApplication.class, args);
3 
4         //通过@ConfigurationProperties方式
5         DatasourceProperties dbConfig = context.getBean(DatasourceProperties.class);
6         System.out.println(dbConfig);
7 
8         context.close();
9     }
复制代码

输出：DatasourceProperties{driverClassName='com.mysql.jdbc.Driver', url='jdbc:mysql:///db', userName='root', password='456'}

 

2.4 实际开发中为了方便调试，把2.3方式稍微更改一下(推荐)

==>application.properties添加配置信息

1 boot.datasource.driverClassName = com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
2 boot.datasource.url = jdbc:mysql:///db
3 boot.datasource.username = dev-boot
4 boot.datasource.password = 456

 

==>创建专门的配置类文件夹，添加相应的配置类管理类，如：config/DatasourceConfig.java

==>config/DatasourceConfig.java 

复制代码
 1 package com.demo.boot.bootconfig.config;
 2 
 3 import com.demo.boot.bootconfig.DatasourceProperties;
 4 import org.springframework.boot.SpringBootConfiguration;
 5 import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;
 6 import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
 7 
 8 @SpringBootConfiguration
 9 public class DatasourceConfig {
10     @Bean
11     @ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "boot.datasource")
12     public DatasourceProperties dp() {
13         return new DatasourceProperties();
14     }
15 }
复制代码

==>改造DatasourceProperties.java,去掉注解

//@Component
//@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "boot.datasource")
复制代码
 1 package com.demo.boot.bootconfig;
 2 
 3 import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;
 4 import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
 5 
 6 //@Component
 7 //@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "boot.datasource")
 8 public class DatasourceProperties {
 9     private String driverClassName;
10     private String url;
11     private String userName;
12     private String password;
13     //属性构造器
14 }
DatasourceProperties .java
复制代码

==>main方法调用

复制代码
 1 package com.demo.boot.bootconfig;
 2 
 3 import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
 4 import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
 5 import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
 6 import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;
 7 import org.springframework.context.ConfigurableApplicationContext;
 8 import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
 9 import org.springframework.core.env.Environment;
10 
11 @SpringBootApplication
12 public class BootConfigApplication {
13     public static void main(String[] args) {
14         ConfigurableApplicationContext context = SpringApplication.run(BootConfigApplication.class, args);
15 
16 
17         //通过@ConfigurationProperties方式
18         System.out.println("==============通过@ConfigurationProperties方式start==================");
19         DatasourceProperties dp = context.getBean(DatasourceProperties.class);
20         System.out.println(dp);
21         System.out.println("==============通过@ConfigurationProperties方式end==================");
22         context.close();
23     }
24 
25 }
main方法
复制代码

输出结果

==============通过@ConfigurationProperties方式start==================
DatasourceProperties{driverClassName='com.mysql.jdbc.Driver', url='jdbc:mysql:///db', userName='dev-boot', password='456'}
==============通过@ConfigurationProperties方式end==================

3、指定配置文件（.properties > .yml）

资源文件结构

/config/app.yml文件添加一下内容

1 redis:
2   auth: redis-02
3   host: 192.168.3.150
4   port: 6680

 设置指定配置文件

==>运行main方法

复制代码
package com.demo.boot.bootconfig;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;
import org.springframework.context.ConfigurableApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.core.env.Environment;

@SpringBootApplication
public class BootConfigApplication {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ConfigurableApplicationContext context = SpringApplication.run(BootConfigApplication.class, args);

        //通过@Value方式读取配置
        RedisConfig redisConfig = context.getBean(RedisConfig.class);
        redisConfig.showConfig();

        context.close();
    }

}
复制代码

 

输出结果：192.168.3.150:6680,redis-02

3、指定多个配置文件

3.1 设置指定配置文件

 

3.2 config/app.yml文件添加以下内容

1 redis:
2   auth: redis-03
3   host: 192.168.3.450
4   port: 6880

  config/app1.properties文件添加以下内容

1 redis.appName=springBoot

3.3 main方法中打印配置信息 

复制代码
 1  public static void main(String[] args) {
 2         ConfigurableApplicationContext context = SpringApplication.run(BootConfigApplication.class, args);
 3         //通过Evironment方式读取配置
 4         Environment env = context.getEnvironment(); 
 5 
 6         String port = env.getProperty("redis.port");
 7         String host = env.getProperty("redis.host");
 8         String auth = env.getProperty("redis.auth");
 9         String appName = env.getProperty("redis.appName");
10 
11         System.out.println(appName + "-->" + host + ":" + port + "," + auth);
12         context.close();
13     }
复制代码

输出结果：springBoot-->192.168.3.450:6880,redis-03

4、绝对路径指定配置文件 -- 统一配置多项目配置

==>创建配置文件 E:/Java/app.properties

1 boot.datasource.driverClassName = com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
2 boot.datasource.url = jdbc:mysql:///db
3 boot.datasource.username = file-config
4 boot.datasource.password = abc132

==>新建FileConfig.java

复制代码
 1 package com.demo.boot.bootconfig;
 2 
 3 import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
 4 import org.springframework.context.annotation.PropertySource;
 5 
 6 @Configuration
 7 //@PropertySource("classpath:config/app.yml") //不支持.yml
 8 //@PropertySource("classpath:config/app1.properties")
 9 @PropertySource("file:/E:/Java/app.properties")
10 public class FileConfig {
11 }
复制代码

==>main方法调用

复制代码
1 public static void main(String[] args) {
2         ConfigurableApplicationContext context = SpringApplication.run(BootConfigApplication.class, args);
3         //通过@Value方式读取配置
4         RedisConfig redisConfig = context.getBean(RedisConfig.class);
5         System.out.println("=========================");
6         redisConfig.showConfig();
7 
8         context.close();
9     }
复制代码

输出结果

=========================
127.0.0.1:80,321
DatasourceProperties{driverClassName='com.mysql.jdbc.Driver', url='jdbc:mysql:///db', userName='file-config', password='abc132'}

springBoot项目配置总结

1、配置文件优先级和文件名称

==> config/application.properties > config/application.yml > application.properties > application.yml > （指定路径）file:/E:/tem/app.properties

2、指定配置文件（名称/路径）

-- spring.config.name=xxxx/xxx/app(不带后缀)

-- spring.config.location=classpath:xxx.(properties|yml)[,classpath=xxx.(properties|yml),file:D:/tem/xxx.properties]（带文件后缀名，多个配置使用“,”隔开）

3、读取配置信息

（1）通过环境变量Evironment

（2）通过@Value

（3）通过@Configuration + @PropertySource("指定文件路径") -- 不支持.yml文件

（4）@ConfigurationProperties指定配置类

4、demo代码

  https://github.com/LF20160912/boot-proj/tree/master/boot-config

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