SpringMVC环境配置（idea）

1、创建Maven项目

2、配置web

3、项目结构

4、在pom.xml文件中添加依赖坐标

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <groupId>org.example</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <packaging>war</packaging>
    <!-- 集中定义依赖版本号 -->
    <properties>
        <spring.version>4.1.3.RELEASE</spring.version>
    </properties>
    <dependencies>
        <!-- 单元测试 -->
        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/junit/junit -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.12</version>
            <scope>compile</scope>
        </dependency>
        <!-- Spring -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
</project>

5、配置web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
         version="4.0">
    <!-- 配置springMVC的前端控制器 -->
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            <param-value>classpath:springmvc-config.xml</param-value>
        </init-param>
    </servlet>
    <!-- 配置一个斜杠，表示将浏览器发送的所有请求（除了jsp以外的）都交给springmvc的前端控制器来处理 -->
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

6、添加springMVC配置文件模板，便于以后添加spring-config.xml配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
	xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
						http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.0.xsd
						http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
						http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd
						http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
          				http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd">
	
	<!-- 1.配置前端控制器放行静态资源(html/css/js等，否则静态资源将无法访问) -->
	<mvc:default-servlet-handler/>
	
	<!-- 2.配置注解驱动，用于识别注解（比如@Controller） -->
	<mvc:annotation-driven></mvc:annotation-driven>
	
	<!-- 3.配置需要扫描的包：spring自动去扫描 base-package 下的类，
	如果扫描到的类上有 @Controller、@Service、@Component等注解，将会自动将类注册为bean -->
	<context:component-scan base-package="包名">
	</context:component-scan>
	
	<!-- 4.配置内部资源视图解析器
		prefix:配置路径前缀
		suffix:配置文件后缀
	 -->
	<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
		<property name="prefix" value="页面存放路径"/>
		<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
	</bean>
</beans>

7、配置Tomcat

8、测试

/**
 * @Controller作用：
 * 1、表示当前类属于Controller层
 * 2、将当前类的对象的创建交给spring容器负责
 */
@Controller
public class HelloController {

	@RequestMapping("/hello")
	public String toHello() {
		System.out.println("Hello springMVC ...");
		return "home";
	}
}