I2C子系统框架一
学习资料:韦东山第三期
i2c_adapter:
nr:第几路i2c总线
xfer:读写操作
struct i2c_adapter { struct module *owner; unsigned int class; /* classes to allow probing for */ const struct i2c_algorithm *algo; /* the algorithm to access the bus */ void *algo_data; /* data fields that are valid for all devices */ struct rt_mutex bus_lock; int timeout; /* in jiffies */ int retries; struct device dev; /* the adapter device */ int nr; char name[48]; struct completion dev_released; struct mutex userspace_clients_lock; struct list_head userspace_clients; struct i2c_bus_recovery_info *bus_recovery_info; const struct i2c_adapter_quirks *quirks; }; struct i2c_algorithm { /* If an adapter algorithm can't do I2C-level access, set master_xfer to NULL. If an adapter algorithm can do SMBus access, set smbus_xfer. If set to NULL, the SMBus protocol is simulated using common I2C messages */ /* master_xfer should return the number of messages successfully processed, or a negative value on error */ int (*master_xfer)(struct i2c_adapter *adap, struct i2c_msg *msgs, int num); int (*smbus_xfer) (struct i2c_adapter *adap, u16 addr, unsigned short flags, char read_write, u8 command, int size, union i2c_smbus_data *data); /* To determine what the adapter supports */ u32 (*functionality) (struct i2c_adapter *); #if IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_I2C_SLAVE) int (*reg_slave)(struct i2c_client *client); int (*unreg_slave)(struct i2c_client *client); #endif }; struct i2c_msg { __u16 addr; /* slave address */ __u16 flags; #define I2C_M_RD 0x0001 /* read data, from slave to master */ /* I2C_M_RD is guaranteed to be 0x0001! */ #define I2C_M_TEN 0x0010 /* this is a ten bit chip address */ #define I2C_M_DMA_SAFE 0x0200 /* the buffer of this message is DMA safe */ /* makes only sense in kernelspace */ /* userspace buffers are copied anyway */ #define I2C_M_RECV_LEN 0x0400 /* length will be first received byte */ #define I2C_M_NO_RD_ACK 0x0800 /* if I2C_FUNC_PROTOCOL_MANGLING */ #define I2C_M_IGNORE_NAK 0x1000 /* if I2C_FUNC_PROTOCOL_MANGLING */ #define I2C_M_REV_DIR_ADDR 0x2000 /* if I2C_FUNC_PROTOCOL_MANGLING */ #define I2C_M_NOSTART 0x4000 /* if I2C_FUNC_NOSTART */ #define I2C_M_STOP 0x8000 /* if I2C_FUNC_PROTOCOL_MANGLING */ __u16 len; /* msg length */ __u8 *buf; /* pointer to msg data */ }; struct i2c_client { unsigned short flags; /* div., see below */ #define I2C_CLIENT_PEC 0x04 /* Use Packet Error Checking */ #define I2C_CLIENT_TEN 0x10 /* we have a ten bit chip address */ /* Must equal I2C_M_TEN below */ #define I2C_CLIENT_SLAVE 0x20 /* we are the slave */ #define I2C_CLIENT_HOST_NOTIFY 0x40 /* We want to use I2C host notify */ #define I2C_CLIENT_WAKE 0x80 /* for board_info; true iff can wake */ #define I2C_CLIENT_SCCB 0x9000 /* Use Omnivision SCCB protocol */ /* Must match I2C_M_STOP|IGNORE_NAK */ unsigned short addr; /* chip address - NOTE: 7bit */ /* addresses are stored in the */ /* _LOWER_ 7 bits */ char name[I2C_NAME_SIZE]; struct i2c_adapter *adapter; /* the adapter we sit on */ struct device dev; /* the device structure */ int init_irq; /* irq set at initialization */ int irq; /* irq issued by device */ struct list_head detected; #if IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_I2C_SLAVE) i2c_slave_cb_t slave_cb; /* callback for slave mode */ #endif };
子设备用i2c_client结构体表示,这个结构体里面肯定有addr,adapter,挂在哪一条总线上
传输的数据使用i2c_msg表示,.buf表示数据
int i2c_transfer(struct i2c_adapter *adap, struct i2c_msg *msgs, int num)
最终使用i2c_transfer函数在adap找到传输函数,把msgs传给设备,设备的地址和buf在msgs里面包含有,是复数
举例:设备地址为0x50的EEPROM,要读取它里面存储地址为0x10的一个字节,应该构造几个i2c_msg?
- 要构造2个i2c_msg
- 第一个i2c_msg表示写操作,把要访问的存储地址0x10发给设备
- 第二个i2c_msg表示读操作
- 代码如下
u8 data_addr = 0x10; i8 data; struct i2c_msg msgs[2]; msgs[0].addr = 0x50; msgs[0].flags = 0; // 写操作 msgs[0].len = 1; msgs[0].buf = &data_addr; msgs[1].addr = 0x50; msgs[1].flags = I2C_M_RD; // 读 msgs[1].len = 1; msgs[1].buf = &data;