使用C#创建Windows服务
操作系统:Windows 10 X64
开发环境:VS2015
编程语言:C#
.NET版本:.NET Framework 4.0
目标平台:X86
二、创建Windows Service
1、新建一个Windows Service,并将项目名称改为“MyWindowsService”,如下图所示:
2、在解决方案资源管理器内将Service1.cs改为MyService1.cs后并点击“查看代码”图标按钮进入代码编辑器界面,如下图所示:
3、在代码编辑器内如入以下代码,如下所示:
using System; using System.ServiceProcess; using System.IO; namespace MyWindowsService { public partial class MyService : ServiceBase { public MyService() { InitializeComponent(); } string filePath = @"D:\MyServiceLog.txt"; protected override void OnStart(string[] args) { using (FileStream stream = new FileStream(filePath,FileMode.Append)) using (StreamWriter writer = new StreamWriter(stream)) { writer.WriteLine($"{DateTime.Now},服务启动!"); } } protected override void OnStop() { using (FileStream stream = new FileStream(filePath, FileMode.Append)) using (StreamWriter writer = new StreamWriter(stream)) { writer.WriteLine($"{DateTime.Now},服务停止!"); } } } }
4、双击项目“MyWindowsService”进入“MyService”设计界面,在空白位置右击鼠标弹出上下文菜单,选中“添加安装程序”,如下图所示:
5、此时软件会生成两个组件,分别为“serviceInstaller1”及“serviceProcessInstaller1”,如下图所示:
6、点击“serviceInstaller1”,在“属性”窗体将ServiceName改为MyService,Description改为我的服务,StartType保持为Manual,如下图所示:
7、点击“serviceProcessInstaller1”,在“属性”窗体将Account改为LocalSystem(服务属性系统级别),如下图所示:
8、鼠标右键点击项目“MyWindowsService”,在弹出的上下文菜单中选择“生成”按钮,如下图所示:
9、至此,Windows服务已经创建完毕。
三、创建安装、启动、停止、卸载服务的Windows窗体
1、在同一个解决方案里新建一个Windows Form项目,并命名为WindowsServiceClient,如下图所示:
2、将该项目设置为启动项目,并在窗体内添加四个按钮,分别为安装服务、启动服务、停止服务及卸载服务,如下图所示:
3、按下F7进入代码编辑界面,引用“System.ServiceProcess”及“System.Configuration.Install”,并输入如下代码:
using System; using System.Collections; using System.Windows.Forms; using System.ServiceProcess; using System.Configuration.Install; namespace WindowsServiceClient { public partial class Form1 : Form { public Form1() { InitializeComponent(); } string serviceFilePath = $"{Application.StartupPath}\\MyWindowsService.exe"; string serviceName = "MyService"; //事件:安装服务 private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { if (this.IsServiceExisted(serviceName)) this.UninstallService(serviceName); this.InstallService(serviceFilePath); } //事件:启动服务 private void button2_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { if (this.IsServiceExisted(serviceName)) this.ServiceStart(serviceName); } //事件:停止服务 private void button4_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { if (this.IsServiceExisted(serviceName)) this.ServiceStop(serviceName); } //事件:卸载服务 private void button3_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { if (this.IsServiceExisted(serviceName)) { this.ServiceStop(serviceName); this.UninstallService(serviceFilePath); } } //判断服务是否存在 private bool IsServiceExisted(string serviceName) { ServiceController[] services = ServiceController.GetServices(); foreach (ServiceController sc in services) { if (sc.ServiceName.ToLower() == serviceName.ToLower()) { return true; } } return false; } //安装服务 private void InstallService(string serviceFilePath) { using (AssemblyInstaller installer = new AssemblyInstaller()) { installer.UseNewContext = true; installer.Path = serviceFilePath; IDictionary savedState = new Hashtable(); installer.Install(savedState); installer.Commit(savedState); } } //卸载服务 private void UninstallService(string serviceFilePath) { using (AssemblyInstaller installer = new AssemblyInstaller()) { installer.UseNewContext = true; installer.Path = serviceFilePath; installer.Uninstall(null); } } //启动服务 private void ServiceStart(string serviceName) { using (ServiceController control = new ServiceController(serviceName)) { if (control.Status == ServiceControllerStatus.Stopped) { control.Start(); } } } //停止服务 private void ServiceStop(string serviceName) { using (ServiceController control = new ServiceController(serviceName)) { if (control.Status == ServiceControllerStatus.Running) { control.Stop(); } } } } }
4、为了后续调试服务及安装卸载服务的需要,将已生成的MyWindowsService.exe引用到本Windows窗体,如下图所示:
5、由于需要安装服务,故需要使用UAC中Administrator的权限,鼠标右击项目“WindowsServiceClient”,在弹出的上下文菜单中选择“添加”->“新建项”,在弹出的选择窗体中选择“应用程序清单文件”并单击确定,如下图所示:
![](https://img2023.cnblogs.com/blog/452381/202311/452381-20231109153103184-98959301.png)
6、打开该文件,并将<requestedExecutionLevel level="asInvoker" uiAccess="false" />改为<requestedExecutionLevel level="requireAdministrator" uiAccess="false" />,如下图所示:
7、IDE启动后,将会弹出如下所示的窗体(有的系统因UAC配置有可能不显示),需要用管理员权限打开:
8、重新打开后,在IDE运行WindowsServiceClient项目;
9、使用WIN+R的方式打开运行窗体,并在窗体内输入services.msc后打开服务,如下图所示:
10、点击窗体内的“安装服务”按钮,将会在服务中出现MyService,如下图所示:
11、点击“运行服务”按钮,将启动并运行服务,如下所示:
12、点击“停止服务”按钮,将会停止运行服务,如下图所示:
13、点击“卸载服务”按钮,将会从服务中删除MyService服务。
14、以上启动及停止服务将会写入D:\MyServiceLog.txt,内容如下所示: