Spring SpringMVC MyBatis 起步（一）

 

【TODO: 简述】

 

1.项目创建

开发环境选择eclipse, java1.8.0, maven 3.5.0

使用eclipse创建新项目-》选择maven项目-》选择webapp-》输入项目信息-》点击finish创建项目

创建项目后在在 src/main/ 目录下创建好java文件目录，如红框所示

2.编辑web.xml，配置servlet

打开web.xml，内容如下

1 <!DOCTYPE web-app PUBLIC
2  "-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN"
3  "http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd" >
4 
5 <web-app>
6   <display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>
7 </web-app>

 

 更改一下web.xml的内容，进行servlet的相关配置

 1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
 2 <web-app version="2.4" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee"
 3     xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
 4     xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee
 5     http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd">
 6     
 7   <display-name>FileReportary</display-name>
 8 
 9     <!-- Spring和mybatis的配置文件 -->
10   <context-param>
11       <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
12       <param-value>classpath:applicationContext*.xml</param-value>
13   </context-param> 
14   
15   <!-- Spring监听器 -->
16   <listener>
17       <listener-class>
18           org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener
19       </listener-class>
20   </listener>
21 
22     <!-- 防止Spring内存溢出监听器 -->
23     <listener>
24         <listener-class>org.springframework.web.util.IntrospectorCleanupListener</listener-class>
25     </listener> 
26   
27   <servlet>
28       <servlet-name>mvc-dispatcher</servlet-name>
29       <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
30       <!-- DispacherServlet对应的上下文配置，默认为/WEB-INF/$servlet-name$-servlet.xml -->
31       <init-param>
32           <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
33           <param-value>classpath:mvc-dispatcher-servlet.xml</param-value>
34       </init-param>
35       <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
36   </servlet>
37   <servlet-mapping id="ServletMapping_1533543131510">
38       <servlet-name>mvc-dispatcher</servlet-name>
39       <!-- mvc-dispatcher拦截所有的请求 -->
40       <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
41   </servlet-mapping>
42 </web-app>

 

 

<param-value>标签中包含了引用配置文件的路径

1 <param-value>classpath:mvc-dispatcher-servlet.xml</param-value>

classpath路径在每个J2ee项目中都会用到，即WEB-INF目录下的classes目录，所有src目录下的java、xml、properties等文件编译后都会在此目录下，开发时经常将xml配置文件放置于src目录或子目录下

引用classpath路径下的文件，只需在文件名前加【classpath:】

 

 

 

在resources目录下创建mvc-dispatcher-servvlet.xml文件，内容如下

 1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
 2 
 3 <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
 4     xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
 5     xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
 6     xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
 7     xsi:schemaLocation="
 8     http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
 9     http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
10     http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
11     http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd
12     http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
13     http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd">
14 
15 
16     <!-- 激活 @Required @Autowired,JSR 250's @PostConstruct, @PreDestroy and @Resource 
17         等标注 -->
18     <context:annotation-config></context:annotation-config>
19     
20     <!-- 注解扫描 只搜索@Controller标注的类 -->
21     <context:component-scan base-package="com.xcz">
22         <context:include-filter type="annotation"
23             expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller" />
24     </context:component-scan>
25 
26     <!-- 扩充注解驱动，可以将请求参数绑定到控制器参数 -->
27     <mvc:annotation-driven />
28 
29     <!-- 静态资源处理 css ,js ,imgs --> 
30     <mvc:resources location="/resources/"    mapping="/resources/**" />
31 
32     <!-- ViewResolver 可以用多个ViewResolver 使用order属性排序 InternalResourceViewResolver放在最后 -->
33     <bean
34         class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.ContentNegotiatingViewResolver">
35         <property name="order" value="1" />
36         <property name="mediaTypes">
37             <map>
38                 <entry key="json" value="application/json" />
39                 <entry key="xml" value="application/xml" />
40                 <entry key="htm" value="text/html" />
41             </map>
42         </property>
43 
44         <property name="defaultViews">
45             <list>
46                 <!-- JSON View -->
47                 <bean
48                     class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.json.MappingJackson2JsonView">
49                 </bean>
50             </list>
51         </property>
52         <property name="ignoreAcceptHeader" value="true" />
53     </bean>
54     
55     <!-- 200M大小限制 resolveLazily属性启用是为了推迟文件解析，以便捕获文件大小异常 -->
56     <bean id="multipartResolver" class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver">
57         <property name="maxUploadSize" value="209715200"/>
58         <property name="defaultEncoding" value="UTF-8"/>
59         <property name="resolveLazily" value="true"/>
60     </bean>
61     
62     <!-- 定义跳转的文件的前后缀 ，视图模式配置 --> 
63     <bean
64         class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
65         <property name="viewClass"
66             value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView" />
67         <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/" />
68         <property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
69     </bean>
70 </beans>

 

3.使用maven管理项目依赖

打开Preferences设置框：菜单栏-》Window-》preferences 

打开maven配置： 左侧目录中选择Maven-》installations，点击Add，在Installation home中选中你安装的maven所在目录，点击finish完成配置

 

设置Maven User Settings：左侧目录中选择Maven-》User Settings，在User Settings 处选择你安装的maven的配置文件，之后会在配置文件中读取你的maven仓库位置

点击【Apply and Close】 完成Maven的设置

 

 

 pom.xml是Maven在项目中创建的依赖管理配置文件，打开pom.xml进行编辑，为项目所需的包添加依赖

PS: 注意在<name>标签内容中去掉空格，有时这些空格可能会导致异常

 

打开pom.xml

 1 <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
 2     xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
 3     xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
 4     <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
 5     <groupId>com.xcz</groupId>
 6     <artifactId>fileReportary</artifactId>
 7     <packaging>war</packaging>
 8     <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
 9     <name>fileReportary Maven Webapp</name>
10     <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
11 
12     <dependencies>
13         <dependency>
14             <groupId>junit</groupId>
15             <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
16             <version>3.8.1</version>
17             <scope>test</scope>
18         </dependency>
19     </dependencies>
20     <build>
21         <finalName>fileReportary</finalName>
22     </build>
23 </project>

 

加入properties标签，自定义一些变量，在之后的依赖配置中方便使用

 1     <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
 2     <groupId>com.xcz</groupId>
 3     <artifactId>fileReportary</artifactId>
 4     <packaging>war</packaging>
 5     <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
 6     <name>fileReportary Maven Webapp</name>
 7     <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
 8 
 9     <properties>
10         <spring.version>4.1.1.RELEASE</spring.version>
11         <commons-lang.version>2.6</commons-lang.version>
12         <slf4j.version>1.7.6</slf4j.version>
13         <jackson.version>2.5.4</jackson.version>
14         <mybatis.version>3.2.6</mybatis.version>
15     </properties>
16 
17     <dependencies>
18         <dependency>
19             <groupId>junit</groupId>
20             <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
21             <version>3.8.1</version>
22             <scope>test</scope>
23         </dependency>
24     </dependencies>
25     <build>
26         <finalName>fileReportary</finalName>
27     </build>

 

添加依赖包

编辑完成后使用【ALT+F5】更新项目依赖，此时maven会自动下载依赖包

 1     <dependencies>
 2         <dependency>
 3             <groupId>junit</groupId>
 4             <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
 5             <version>3.8.1</version>
 6             <scope>test</scope>
 7         </dependency>
 8 
 9         <dependency>
10             <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
11             <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
12             <version>${spring.version}</version>
13         </dependency>
14         <dependency>
15             <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
16             <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
17             <version>${spring.version}</version>
18         </dependency>
19         <dependency>
20             <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
21             <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
22             <version>${spring.version}</version>
23         </dependency>
24         <dependency>
25             <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
26             <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
27             <version>${spring.version}</version>
28         </dependency>
29 
30         <dependency>
31             <groupId>commons-lang</groupId>
32             <artifactId>commons-lang</artifactId>
33             <version>${commons-lang.version}</version>
34         </dependency>
35         <dependency>
36             <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
37             <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
38             <version>${slf4j.version}</version>
39             <exclusions>
40                 <exclusion>
41                     <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
42                     <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
43                 </exclusion>
44             </exclusions>
45         </dependency>
46 
47         <dependency>
48             <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
49             <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
50             <version>${slf4j.version}</version>
51         </dependency>
52 
53         <dependency>
54             <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
55             <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
56             <version>3.1.0</version>
57         </dependency>
58 
59         <dependency>
60             <groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId>
61             <artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>
62             <version>1.3.1</version>
63         </dependency>
64 
65         <!-- 引入JSON -->
66         <dependency>
67             <groupId>org.codehaus.jackson</groupId>
68             <artifactId>jackson-mapper-asl</artifactId>
69             <version>1.9.13</version>
70         </dependency>
71         <dependency>
72             <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
73             <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
74             <version>${jackson.version}</version>
75         </dependency>
76     </dependencies>

 

 

　　在build标签中加入jetty插件的配置

 1     <build>
 2         <finalName>fileReportary</finalName>
 3         <plugins>
 4             <plugin>
 5                 <groupId>org.eclipse.jetty</groupId>
 6                 <artifactId>jetty-maven-plugin</artifactId>
 7                 <version>9.2.2.v20140723</version>
 8             </plugin>
 9             <plugin>
10                 <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
11                 <configuration>
12                     <source>1.6</source>
13                     <target>1.6</target>
14                     <!-- 指明编译源代码时使用的字符编码， maven编译的时候默认使用的GBK编码， 通过encoding属性设置字符编码， 告诉maven这个项目使用UTF-8来编译 -->
15                     <encoding>utf8</encoding>
16                 </configuration>
17             </plugin>
18         </plugins>
19     </build>

 

4.配置log4j

　　【resources】目录下新建log4j.properties文件，对log4j进行配置

 1 # Root logger set to DEBUG using the A2 appender defined above.
 2 log4j.rootLogger=info, Cons 
 3 log4j.additivity=false
 4 
 5 log4j.appender.Cons=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
 6 log4j.appender.Cons.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
 7 log4j.appender.Cons.layout.ConversionPattern=%-4r [%t] %-5p %c %x - %m%n
 8 
 9 
10 #Application Logger+
11 log4j.logger.com.xcz=info, Cons
12 log4j.logger.org.springframework=info, Cons
13 log4j.additivity.com.xcz=false
14 log4j.additivity.org=false

 

5.输出Helllo World!

　　在com.xcz.controller 下创建IndexController.java文件

　　为IndexController类添加类级注解@Controller，@RequestMapping(value = "/index")

　　@RequestMapping(value = "/index") 这个注解表明了改类的访问url，是在【 http://localhost:8080/index】 下

 1 package com.xcz.controller;
 2 
 3 import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
 4 import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
 5 
 6 @Controller
 7 @RequestMapping(value = "/index")
 8 public class IndexController {
 9 
10 }

 

　　创建Index()方法，为其添加@RequestMapping("")注解，指明该方法的访问url为【 http://localhost:8080/index】

　　方法内部返回字符串 "index" ，这个index就是所调用的jsp文件的名称

1     @RequestMapping("")
2     public String Index() {
3         return "index";
4     }

 

 

　　

　　在 【webapp/WEB-INF/jsp】目录下创建 index.jsp文件，并为其添加内容

 1 <%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
 2     pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
 3 <!DOCTYPE html>
 4 <html>
 5 <head>
 6 <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
 7 <title>我是标题</title>
 8 </head>
 9 <body>
10 Hello World!
11 </body>
12 </html>

 

 

　　

　　打开windows资源管理器，找到项目根目录，按住SHIFT并右键空白处，选择“在此处运行power shell” 打开命令行控制台

　　输入 mvn jetty:run 运行项目

　　

　　这里提示在8080端口启动的话，就说明启动成功了

 

　　在浏览器中访问 localhost:8080/index查看结果

　　

 

　　输出了Hello World! 说明整个流程跑通了！