Django与Celery的使用

一：Django与Celery的使用

目录结构：

在 pro/pro/__init__.py

from __future__ import absolute_import, unicode_literals

# 确保应用程序总是能被找到
# Django启动，shared_task将使用这个应用程序。
from .celery import app as celery_app

__all__ = ['celery_app']

pro/pro/settings.py  添加以下

CELERY_BROKER_URL = 'redis://127.0.0.1'       # 任务中间人
CELERY_RESULT_BACKEND = 'redis://127.0.0.1'   # 结果存储

pro/pro/urls.py

"""proj URL Configuration

The `urlpatterns` list routes URLs to views. For more information please see:
    https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.1/topics/http/urls/
Examples:
Function views
    1. Add an import:  from my_app import views
    2. Add a URL to urlpatterns:  path('', views.home, name='home')
Class-based views
    1. Add an import:  from other_app.views import Home
    2. Add a URL to urlpatterns:  path('', Home.as_view(), name='home')
Including another URLconf
    1. Import the include() function: from django.urls import include, path
    2. Add a URL to urlpatterns:  path('blog/', include('blog.urls'))
"""
from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import path
from celeryapp01 import views
urlpatterns = [
    path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
    path('celery_index/', views.celery_index),
]

pro/pro/celery.py

from __future__ import absolute_import, unicode_literals
import os
from celery import Celery

# set the default Django settings module for the 'celery' program.
os.environ.setdefault('DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE', 'proj.settings')  # 设置默认环境变量

app = Celery('proj')

# Using a string here means the worker don't have to serialize
# the configuration object to child processes.
# - namespace='CELERY' means all celery-related configuration keys
#   should have a `CELERY_` prefix.
app.config_from_object('django.conf:settings', namespace='CELERY')

# 从所有已注册的Django应用配置中加载任务模块。从而使celery 能够自动发现这些任务
app.autodiscover_tasks()


@app.task(bind=True)
def debug_task(self):
    print('Request: {0!r}'.format(self.request))

pro/celeryapp01/views.py  # views 调用任务

from .tasks import add,mul,xsum

from django.http import HttpResponse

def celery_index(request):
    task = add.delay(2,3)  # 调用
    result = task.get()  # 获取结果
    return HttpResponse(result)

pro/celeryapp01/tasks.py   # 任务

from __future__ import absolute_import, unicode_literals

from django.test import TestCase
# Create your tasks here
from celery import shared_task


@shared_task     # 引用当前任务
def add(x, y):
    return x + y


@shared_task
def mul(x, y):
    return x * y


@shared_task
def xsum(numbers):
    return sum(numbers)

 启动worker和Django：

celery -A proj worker -l debug
python manage.py runserver

在浏览器输入 http://127.0.0.1:8000/celery_index

 

 

 

二：Django与Celery的定时任务

有一个 Django-celery-beat 扩展，它将调度存储在Django数据库中，并提供了一个方便的管理界面来在运行时管理周期性任务

1.安装：

pip3 install django-celery-beat

 

 2.添加到settings

INSTALLED_APPS = (
        ...,
        'django_celery_beat',
    )

 

3.数据库迁移同步

python manage.py migrate

# 创建后台管理账号
python manage.py createsuperuser

 

4.使用Django调度程序

celery -A proj beat -l info -S django

 5.登陆 127.0.0.1:8000/admin

定时任务

 

参数：