以下代码实现了几个简单的图像处理，主要包括：平滑（Smooth）、开操作（Open）、闭操作（Close）、膨胀（dilate）、腐蚀（Erode）、图像梯度（Gradient）、顶帽（TopHat）、黑帽（BlackHat）等。程序代码如下：
1 #include <cv.h>
2 #include <highgui.h>
3
4 #pragma comment(lib,"cv.lib");
5 #pragma comment(lib,"highgui.lib");
6
7 int main(int argc,char**argv)
8 {
9 IplImage*src=NULL;
10 IplImage*dst=NULL;
11 cvNamedWindow("Source Process",CV_WINDOW_AUTOSIZE);
12 cvNamedWindow("Processing Image",CV_WINDOW_AUTOSIZE);
13 IplConvKernel*kernel=cvCreateStructuringElementEx(6,6,2,3,CV_SHAPE_ELLIPSE);
14
15 src=argc<=2?cvLoadImage("lena.jpg"):cvLoadImage(argv[1]);
16 dst=cvCreateImage(cvGetSize(src),IPL_DEPTH_8U,src->nChannels);
17
18 cvShowImage("Source Process",src);
19 //cvSmooth(src,dst,CV_GAUSSIAN); //Smooth operation(include:CV_BLUR CV_BLUR_NO_SCALE CV_MEDIAN CV_GAUSSIAN CV_BILATERAL)
20 //cvErode(src,dst); //Erode operation
21 cvDilate(src,dst); //Dilate operation
22 //cvMorphologyEx(src,dst,NULL,kernel,CV_MOP_TOPHAT); //Other image operations(include:CV_COM_OPEN CV_MOP_CLOSE CV_MOP_GRADIENT CV_MOP_TOPHAT CV_MOP_BLACKHAT)
23 cvShowImage("Processing Image",dst);
24 cvSaveImage("CV_DILATE.jpg",dst);
25
26 while(1)
27 if(cvWaitKey(100)==27)
28 break;
29
30 cvDestroyWindow("Processing Image");
31 cvDestroyWindow("Source Image");
32 cvReleaseImage(&src);
33 cvReleaseImage(&dst);
34
35 return 0;
36 }
2 #include <highgui.h>
3
4 #pragma comment(lib,"cv.lib");
5 #pragma comment(lib,"highgui.lib");
6
7 int main(int argc,char**argv)
8 {
9 IplImage*src=NULL;
10 IplImage*dst=NULL;
11 cvNamedWindow("Source Process",CV_WINDOW_AUTOSIZE);
12 cvNamedWindow("Processing Image",CV_WINDOW_AUTOSIZE);
13 IplConvKernel*kernel=cvCreateStructuringElementEx(6,6,2,3,CV_SHAPE_ELLIPSE);
14
15 src=argc<=2?cvLoadImage("lena.jpg"):cvLoadImage(argv[1]);
16 dst=cvCreateImage(cvGetSize(src),IPL_DEPTH_8U,src->nChannels);
17
18 cvShowImage("Source Process",src);
19 //cvSmooth(src,dst,CV_GAUSSIAN); //Smooth operation(include:CV_BLUR CV_BLUR_NO_SCALE CV_MEDIAN CV_GAUSSIAN CV_BILATERAL)
20 //cvErode(src,dst); //Erode operation
21 cvDilate(src,dst); //Dilate operation
22 //cvMorphologyEx(src,dst,NULL,kernel,CV_MOP_TOPHAT); //Other image operations(include:CV_COM_OPEN CV_MOP_CLOSE CV_MOP_GRADIENT CV_MOP_TOPHAT CV_MOP_BLACKHAT)
23 cvShowImage("Processing Image",dst);
24 cvSaveImage("CV_DILATE.jpg",dst);
25
26 while(1)
27 if(cvWaitKey(100)==27)
28 break;
29
30 cvDestroyWindow("Processing Image");
31 cvDestroyWindow("Source Image");
32 cvReleaseImage(&src);
33 cvReleaseImage(&dst);
34
35 return 0;
36 }
其中：
可以将Erode看做图像与Kernel的减操作，而Dilate看做加操作，且：
Open(src)=Erode(src)+Dilate（src）
Close(src)=Dilate(src)+Erode(src)
Gradient(src)=Dilate(src)-Erode(src)
TopHat（src）=src-open（src）
BlackHat（src）=close(src)-src
以Open操作为例，当迭代次数iteration为2时，表示：Erode(src)+Erode(src)+Dilate（src）+Dilate（src），而非：Erode(src)+Dilate（src）+Erode(src)+Dilate（src）.
