Spring IoC 容器的扩展
前言
本系列全部基于 Spring 5.2.2.BUILD-SNAPSHOT
版本。因为 Spring 整个体系太过于庞大,所以只会进行关键部分的源码解析。
本篇文章主要介绍 Spring IoC 容器的功能扩展。
正文
我们平时在使用 Spring 时,大多不会直接使用 BeanFactory
,使用比较多的是 ApplicationContext
;那么在 Spring 中 BeanFactory
和 ApplicationContext
有什么区别呢?
BeanFactory
这个接口提供了高级配置的机制的管理对象,是一个基本的 IoC 的容器。ApplicationContext
是BeanFactory
的一个子接口,提供了BeanFactory
的全部功能,并且在此基础上还提供了:- 面向切面 (AOP)
- 配置元信息 (Configuration Metadata)
- 资源管理 (Resources)
- 事件 (Events)
- 国际化 (i18n)
- 注解 (Annotations)
- Environment 抽象 (Environment Abstraction)
真正的底层 IoC 容器是
BeanFactory
的实现类,ApplicationContext
中的getBean()
其实都是委托给DefaultListableBeanFactory
来实现。
其中核心流程都在 AbstractApplicationContext#refresh()
方法中,我们直接从这个方法开始。
容器刷新
AbstractApplicationContext#refresh
public void refresh() throws BeansException, IllegalStateException {
// 加锁
synchronized (this.startupShutdownMonitor) {
// 准备刷新的上下文环境,见下文详解
prepareRefresh();
// 获取刷新后的beanFactory,一般都是创建一个DefaultListableBeanFactory,见下文详解
ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory = obtainFreshBeanFactory();
// 使用当前上下文环境准备beanFactory,见下文详解
prepareBeanFactory(beanFactory);
try {
// beanFactory的后置处理,子类实现,这也算是beanFactory的扩展点
// AbstractRefreshableWebApplicationContext在这个方法内加入了request和session的作用域
postProcessBeanFactory(beanFactory);
// 调用所有BeanFactoryPostProcessors的实现类,见下文详解
invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(beanFactory);
// 注册BeanPostProcessors,见下文详解
registerBeanPostProcessors(beanFactory);
// 初始化消息资源,这里不做过多分析
initMessageSource();
// 初始化事件传播器,这里不做过多分析
initApplicationEventMulticaster();
// 在特殊的上下文环境中初始化指定的bean,模板方法留给子类实现
onRefresh();
// 注册监听器,这里不做过多分析
registerListeners();
// 实例化所有非延迟加载的单例bean,见下文详解
finishBeanFactoryInitialization(beanFactory);
// 完成上下文的刷新,调用生命周期处理器的onRefresh()并且发布上下文刷新完成事件,这里不做过多分析
finishRefresh();
}
// 省略异常处理
finally {
// 重置缓存,例如方法、字段等
resetCommonCaches();
}
}
}
上面方法就是上下文刷新的流程, 其中关于消息资源和事件的处理这里就不分析了,后续可能会单独分析一下 Spring 中的事件。
上下文刷新前的环境准备
AbstractApplicationContext#prepareRefresh
protected void prepareRefresh() {
// 记录开始时间
this.startupDate = System.currentTimeMillis();
// 上下文关闭标识设置为 false
this.closed.set(false);
// 上下文激活标识设置为 true
this.active.set(true);
// 初始化占位符属性资源,该方法是留给子类实现的,默认什么也不做
initPropertySources();
// 验证需要的属性文件是否都已经放入环境中
getEnvironment().validateRequiredProperties();
if (this.earlyApplicationListeners == null) {
this.earlyApplicationListeners = new LinkedHashSet<>(this.applicationListeners);
} else {
// 在上下文刷新前重置监听器
this.applicationListeners.clear();
this.applicationListeners.addAll(this.earlyApplicationListeners);
}
this.earlyApplicationEvents = new LinkedHashSet<>();
}
获得新的 BeanFactory
AbstractApplicationContext#obtainFreshBeanFactory
protected ConfigurableListableBeanFactory obtainFreshBeanFactory() {
// 刷新 bean 工厂,见下文详解
refreshBeanFactory();
// 返回 bean 工厂,见下文详解
return getBeanFactory();
}
AbstractRefreshableApplicationContext#refreshBeanFactory
protected final void refreshBeanFactory() throws BeansException {
// 如果有beanFactory
if (hasBeanFactory()) {
// 销毁所有的单例bean
destroyBeans();
// 关闭beanFactory,也就是将beanFactory设置为null
closeBeanFactory();
}
try {
// 创建 DefaultListableBeanFactory
DefaultListableBeanFactory beanFactory = createBeanFactory();
// 指定序列化id
beanFactory.setSerializationId(getId());
// 定制beanFactory,设置相关属性
customizeBeanFactory(beanFactory);
// 加载beanDefinition
loadBeanDefinitions(beanFactory);
synchronized (this.beanFactoryMonitor) {
// 加锁,将beanFactory赋值给全局变量
this.beanFactory = beanFactory;
}
}
// 省略异常处理...
}
AbstractRefreshableApplicationContext#getBeanFactory
public final ConfigurableListableBeanFactory getBeanFactory() {
// 加锁
synchronized (this.beanFactoryMonitor) {
// 如果beanFactory为空抛出异常
if (this.beanFactory == null) {
throw new IllegalStateException("BeanFactory not initialized or already closed - call 'refresh' before accessing beans via the ApplicationContext");
}
// 返回beanFactory
return this.beanFactory;
}
}
对 BeanFactory 进行功能填充
AbstractApplicationContext#prepareBeanFactory
protected void prepareBeanFactory(ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory) {
// 设置beanFactory的classLoader为当前context的classLoader
beanFactory.setBeanClassLoader(getClassLoader());
// 设置beanFactory的表达式语言处理器
beanFactory.setBeanExpressionResolver(new StandardBeanExpressionResolver(beanFactory.getBeanClassLoader()));
// 为beanFactory增加了一个的propertyEditor,这个主要是对bean的属性等设置管理的一个工具
beanFactory.addPropertyEditorRegistrar(new ResourceEditorRegistrar(this, getEnvironment()));
// 添加bean扩展,主要是对ApplicationContext新增加的Aware接口进行调用
beanFactory.addBeanPostProcessor(new ApplicationContextAwareProcessor(this));
// 设置几个忽略自动装配的接口
beanFactory.ignoreDependencyInterface(EnvironmentAware.class);
beanFactory.ignoreDependencyInterface(EmbeddedValueResolverAware.class);
beanFactory.ignoreDependencyInterface(ResourceLoaderAware.class);
beanFactory.ignoreDependencyInterface(ApplicationEventPublisherAware.class);
beanFactory.ignoreDependencyInterface(MessageSourceAware.class);
beanFactory.ignoreDependencyInterface(ApplicationContextAware.class);
// 注册解决依赖,也就是说我们可以通过依赖注入来注入以下四种类型的bean
beanFactory.registerResolvableDependency(BeanFactory.class, beanFactory);
beanFactory.registerResolvableDependency(ResourceLoader.class, this);
beanFactory.registerResolvableDependency(ApplicationEventPublisher.class, this);
beanFactory.registerResolvableDependency(ApplicationContext.class, this);
// 将是ApplicationListener类型的bean在BeanPostProcessor的初始化后回调方法中加入到context的监听器列表中
beanFactory.addBeanPostProcessor(new ApplicationListenerDetector(this));
// 增加对AspectJ支持
if (beanFactory.containsBean(LOAD_TIME_WEAVER_BEAN_NAME)) {
beanFactory.addBeanPostProcessor(new LoadTimeWeaverAwareProcessor(beanFactory));
beanFactory.setTempClassLoader(new ContextTypeMatchClassLoader(beanFactory.getBeanClassLoader()));
}
// 如果beanFactory不存在名为environment的bean,添加默认的,该bean就和我们正常声明的单例bean一样
if (!beanFactory.containsLocalBean(ENVIRONMENT_BEAN_NAME)) {
beanFactory.registerSingleton(ENVIRONMENT_BEAN_NAME, getEnvironment());
}
// 如果beanFactory不存在名为systemProperties的bean,添加默认的,该bean就和我们正常声明的单例bean一样
if (!beanFactory.containsLocalBean(SYSTEM_PROPERTIES_BEAN_NAME)) {
beanFactory.registerSingleton(SYSTEM_PROPERTIES_BEAN_NAME, getEnvironment().getSystemProperties());
}
// 如果systemEnvironment不存在名为systemEnvironment的bean,添加默认的,该bean就和我们正常声明的单例bean一样
if (!beanFactory.containsLocalBean(SYSTEM_ENVIRONMENT_BEAN_NAME)) {
beanFactory.registerSingleton(SYSTEM_ENVIRONMENT_BEAN_NAME, getEnvironment().getSystemEnvironment());
}
}
调用 BeanFactory 的处理器
AbstractApplicationContext#invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors
protected void invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory) {
// 实例化并调用所有已注册的BeanFactoryPostProcessor
PostProcessorRegistrationDelegate.invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(beanFactory, getBeanFactoryPostProcessors());
if (beanFactory.getTempClassLoader() == null && beanFactory.containsBean(LOAD_TIME_WEAVER_BEAN_NAME)) {
beanFactory.addBeanPostProcessor(new LoadTimeWeaverAwareProcessor(beanFactory));
beanFactory.setTempClassLoader(new ContextTypeMatchClassLoader(beanFactory.getBeanClassLoader()));
}
}
PostProcessorRegistryDelegate#invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors
public static void invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory, List<BeanFactoryPostProcessor> beanFactoryPostProcessors) {
Set<String> processedBeans = new HashSet<>();
// 判断beanFactory是否是BeanDefinitionRegistry类型
// 通常情况下这里的beanFactory是DefaultListableBeanFactory所以这里判断为true
if (beanFactory instanceof BeanDefinitionRegistry) {
BeanDefinitionRegistry registry = (BeanDefinitionRegistry) beanFactory;
// 保存实现了BeanFactoryPostProcessor bean的集合
List<BeanFactoryPostProcessor> regularPostProcessors = new ArrayList<>();
// 保存实现了BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor bean的集合
List<BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor> registryProcessors = new ArrayList<>();
// 遍历beanFactoryPostProcessors
for (BeanFactoryPostProcessor postProcessor : beanFactoryPostProcessors) {
// 找出是BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor类型的并调用其postProcessBeanDefinitionRegistry()
if (postProcessor instanceof BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor) {
BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor registryProcessor = (BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor) postProcessor;
registryProcessor.postProcessBeanDefinitionRegistry(registry);
// 将BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor类型的添加进registryProcessors
registryProcessors.add(registryProcessor);
}
else {
// 将BeanFactoryPostProcessor类型的添加进regularPostProcessors
regularPostProcessors.add(postProcessor);
}
}
List<BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor> currentRegistryProcessors = new ArrayList<>();
// 获取所有BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor类型的beanName
String[] postProcessorNames =
beanFactory.getBeanNamesForType(BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor.class, true, false);
// 遍历postProcessorNames
for (String ppName : postProcessorNames) {
// 如果实现了PriorityOrdered接口,
if (beanFactory.isTypeMatch(ppName, PriorityOrdered.class)) {
// 初始化此bean并添加进currentRegistryProcessors
currentRegistryProcessors.add(beanFactory.getBean(ppName, BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor.class));
// 将此beanName添加到已处理的记录中
processedBeans.add(ppName);
}
}
// 排序
sortPostProcessors(currentRegistryProcessors, beanFactory);
// 将所有BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor类型并且实现了PriorityOrdered接口的bean添加进registryProcessors
registryProcessors.addAll(currentRegistryProcessors);
// 遍历调用currentRegistryProcessors中的所有BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor的postProcessBeanDefinitionRegistry()
invokeBeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessors(currentRegistryProcessors, registry);
// 清空currentRegistryProcessors
currentRegistryProcessors.clear();
// 和上面的差不多只是这次是实现了Ordered接口的,并且没有处理过的
postProcessorNames = beanFactory.getBeanNamesForType(BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor.class, true, false);
for (String ppName : postProcessorNames) {
if (!processedBeans.contains(ppName) && beanFactory.isTypeMatch(ppName, Ordered.class)) {
currentRegistryProcessors.add(beanFactory.getBean(ppName, BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor.class));
processedBeans.add(ppName);
}
}
sortPostProcessors(currentRegistryProcessors, beanFactory);
registryProcessors.addAll(currentRegistryProcessors);
invokeBeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessors(currentRegistryProcessors, registry);
currentRegistryProcessors.clear();
// 和上面的差不多只是这次是所有的实现了BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessors的bean,并且没有处理过的
boolean reiterate = true;
while (reiterate) {
reiterate = false;
postProcessorNames = beanFactory.getBeanNamesForType(BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor.class, true, false);
for (String ppName : postProcessorNames) {
if (!processedBeans.contains(ppName)) {
currentRegistryProcessors.add(beanFactory.getBean(ppName, BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor.class));
processedBeans.add(ppName);
reiterate = true;
}
}
sortPostProcessors(currentRegistryProcessors, beanFactory);
registryProcessors.addAll(currentRegistryProcessors);
invokeBeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessors(currentRegistryProcessors, registry);
currentRegistryProcessors.clear();
}
// 调用BeanFactoryPostProcessor的postProcessBeanFactory()
invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(registryProcessors, beanFactory);
invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(regularPostProcessors, beanFactory);
}
else {
invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(beanFactoryPostProcessors, beanFactory);
}
// 获取所有BeanFactoryPostProcessor类型的beanName
String[] postProcessorNames =
beanFactory.getBeanNamesForType(BeanFactoryPostProcessor.class, true, false);
List<BeanFactoryPostProcessor> priorityOrderedPostProcessors = new ArrayList<>();
List<String> orderedPostProcessorNames = new ArrayList<>();
List<String> nonOrderedPostProcessorNames = new ArrayList<>();
// 遍历postProcessorNames
for (String ppName : postProcessorNames) {
// 如果已经处理过,直接跳过;因为BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor继承于BeanFactoryPostProcessor
// 所以postProcessorNames也包含BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor类型的bean,这里会对BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor类型的bean直接跳过
if (processedBeans.contains(ppName)) {
}
// 如果实现了PriorityOrdered接口,初始化该bean并添加进priorityOrderedPostProcessors
else if (beanFactory.isTypeMatch(ppName, PriorityOrdered.class)) {
priorityOrderedPostProcessors.add(beanFactory.getBean(ppName, BeanFactoryPostProcessor.class));
}
// 如果实现了Ordered接口,将beanName添加进orderedPostProcessorNames
else if (beanFactory.isTypeMatch(ppName, Ordered.class)) {
orderedPostProcessorNames.add(ppName);
}
// 正常的将beanName添加进nonOrderedPostProcessorNames
else {
nonOrderedPostProcessorNames.add(ppName);
}
}
// 排序,然后调用BeanFactoryPostProcessors的postProcessBeanFactory()
sortPostProcessors(priorityOrderedPostProcessors, beanFactory);
invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(priorityOrderedPostProcessors, beanFactory);
// 和上面的一样这里是实现了Ordered接口的
List<BeanFactoryPostProcessor> orderedPostProcessors = new ArrayList<>(orderedPostProcessorNames.size());
for (String postProcessorName : orderedPostProcessorNames) {
orderedPostProcessors.add(beanFactory.getBean(postProcessorName, BeanFactoryPostProcessor.class));
}
sortPostProcessors(orderedPostProcessors, beanFactory);
invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(orderedPostProcessors, beanFactory);
// 和上面的一样这里是正常的BeanFactoryPostProcessors
List<BeanFactoryPostProcessor> nonOrderedPostProcessors = new ArrayList<>(nonOrderedPostProcessorNames.size());
for (String postProcessorName : nonOrderedPostProcessorNames) {
nonOrderedPostProcessors.add(beanFactory.getBean(postProcessorName, BeanFactoryPostProcessor.class));
}
invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(nonOrderedPostProcessors, beanFactory);
beanFactory.clearMetadataCache();
}
上面代码首先找出 BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor
和 BeanFactoryPostProcessor
类型的 bean
,然后根据其实现的排序接口,来分别进行初始化以及调用其回调方法。可以把 PriorityOrdered
理解为 超级会员,Ordered
为 普通会员,都未实现的理解为 普通用户,优先级一个比一个高。
我们首先看一下 BeanFactoryPostProcessor
接口的定义:
@FunctionalInterface
public interface BeanFactoryPostProcessor {
/**
* 容器初始化后,bean实例化之前调用,可以在此修改BeanDefinition
*/
void postProcessBeanFactory(ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory) throws BeansException;
}
可以看出 BeanFactoryPostProcessor
接口是 Spring 初始化 BeanFactory
时对外暴露的扩展点,Spring IoC 容器允许 BeanFactoryPostProcessor
在容器实例化任何 bean
之前读取 bean
的定义,并可以修改它。
接下里我们看一下 BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor
接口的定义:
public interface BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor extends BeanFactoryPostProcessor {
void postProcessBeanDefinitionRegistry(BeanDefinitionRegistry registry) throws BeansException;
}
BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor
比 BeanFactoryPostProcessor
具有更高的优先级,从上面解析的代码中就可以看出,主要用来在 BeanFactoryPostProcessor
之前注册其它 bean
的定义。
注册 Bean 的处理器
AbstractApplicationContext#registerBeanPostProcessors
protected void registerBeanPostProcessors(ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory) {
PostProcessorRegistrationDelegate.registerBeanPostProcessors(beanFactory, this);
}
//PostProcessorRegistrationDelegate.java
public static void registerBeanPostProcessors(ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory, AbstractApplicationContext applicationContext) {
// 获取所有实现了BeanPostProcessor的beanName
// 这里会获取到AutowiredAnnotationProcessor和CommonAnnotationProcessor后置处理器的beanName
String[] postProcessorNames = beanFactory.getBeanNamesForType(BeanPostProcessor.class, true, false);
// 已经注册进beanFactory的数量 + 手动注册的BeanPostProcessorChecker + 实现了BeanPostProcessor还未注册的bean的数量
int beanProcessorTargetCount = beanFactory.getBeanPostProcessorCount() + 1 + postProcessorNames.length;
beanFactory.addBeanPostProcessor(new BeanPostProcessorChecker(beanFactory, beanProcessorTargetCount));
// 存储实现了PriorityOrdered接口的BeanPostProcessors
List<BeanPostProcessor> priorityOrderedPostProcessors = new ArrayList<>();
// 存储实现了MergedBeanDefinitionPostProcessor接口的BeanPostProcessors
List<BeanPostProcessor> internalPostProcessors = new ArrayList<>();
// 存储实现了Ordered接口的BeanPostProcessors
List<String> orderedPostProcessorNames = new ArrayList<>();
// 存储正常的BeanPostProcessors
List<String> nonOrderedPostProcessorNames = new ArrayList<>();
for (String ppName : postProcessorNames) {
// 如果实现了BeanPostProcessor的bean实现了PriorityOrdered接口
if (beanFactory.isTypeMatch(ppName, PriorityOrdered.class)) {
// 获取bean实例
BeanPostProcessor pp = beanFactory.getBean(ppName, BeanPostProcessor.class);
// 添加进priorityOrderedPostProcessors
priorityOrderedPostProcessors.add(pp);
// 如果bean也实现了MergedBeanDefinitionPostProcessor,则添加进internalPostProcessors
if (pp instanceof MergedBeanDefinitionPostProcessor) {
internalPostProcessors.add(pp);
}
}
// 如果实现了Ordered接口,添加进orderedPostProcessorNames
else if (beanFactory.isTypeMatch(ppName, Ordered.class)) {
orderedPostProcessorNames.add(ppName);
}
// 否则添加进nonOrderedPostProcessorNames
else {
nonOrderedPostProcessorNames.add(ppName);
}
}
// 将实现了PriorityOrdered的BeanPostProcessors先排序再注册进beanFactory
sortPostProcessors(priorityOrderedPostProcessors, beanFactory);
registerBeanPostProcessors(beanFactory, priorityOrderedPostProcessors);
// 将实现了Order的BeanPostProcessors先排序再注册进beanFactory
List<BeanPostProcessor> orderedPostProcessors = new ArrayList<>(orderedPostProcessorNames.size());
for (String ppName : orderedPostProcessorNames) {
BeanPostProcessor pp = beanFactory.getBean(ppName, BeanPostProcessor.class);
orderedPostProcessors.add(pp);
// 如果实现了MergedBeanDefinitionPostProcessor
if (pp instanceof MergedBeanDefinitionPostProcessor) {
// 添加进internalPostProcessors
internalPostProcessors.add(pp);
}
}
sortPostProcessors(orderedPostProcessors, beanFactory);
registerBeanPostProcessors(beanFactory, orderedPostProcessors);
// 将正常的BeanPostProcessors注册进beanFactory
List<BeanPostProcessor> nonOrderedPostProcessors = new ArrayList<>(nonOrderedPostProcessorNames.size());
for (String ppName : nonOrderedPostProcessorNames) {
BeanPostProcessor pp = beanFactory.getBean(ppName, BeanPostProcessor.class);
nonOrderedPostProcessors.add(pp);
if (pp instanceof MergedBeanDefinitionPostProcessor) {
internalPostProcessors.add(pp);
}
}
registerBeanPostProcessors(beanFactory, nonOrderedPostProcessors);
// 最后将实现MergedBeanDefinitionPostProcessor的BeanPostProcessors先排序再注册进beanFactory
sortPostProcessors(internalPostProcessors, beanFactory);
registerBeanPostProcessors(beanFactory, internalPostProcessors);
// 这里再次添加了ApplicationListenerDetector(之前在prepareBeanFactory()已经添加过)是为了获取代理
beanFactory.addBeanPostProcessor(new ApplicationListenerDetector(applicationContext));
}
上面代码最后的部分会把实现了 MergedBeanDefinitionPostProcessor
会在最后重新注册一遍,大家可能会认为这不就重复注册了吗,其实不然,beanFactory#addBeanPostProcessor()
会首先删除老的,再重新添加新的。
根据上面代码大家也会发现,ApplicationContext
会帮我们自动注册实现了 BeanPostProcessors
的 bean
,而使用 BeanFactory
就需要自己手动注册了。
注意:上面只是注册,真正调用是在
getBean()
的时候。
初始化非懒加载的单例 bean
AbstractApplicationContext#finishBeanFactoryInitialization
protected void finishBeanFactoryInitialization(ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory) {
if (beanFactory.containsBean(CONVERSION_SERVICE_BEAN_NAME) &&
beanFactory.isTypeMatch(CONVERSION_SERVICE_BEAN_NAME, ConversionService.class)) {
beanFactory.setConversionService(
beanFactory.getBean(CONVERSION_SERVICE_BEAN_NAME, ConversionService.class));
}
if (!beanFactory.hasEmbeddedValueResolver()) {
beanFactory.addEmbeddedValueResolver(strVal -> getEnvironment().resolvePlaceholders(strVal));
}
String[] weaverAwareNames = beanFactory.getBeanNamesForType(LoadTimeWeaverAware.class, false, false);
for (String weaverAwareName : weaverAwareNames) {
getBean(weaverAwareName);
}
beanFactory.setTempClassLoader(null);
// 冻结所有的bean定义,也就是bean定义将不被修改或任何进一步的处理
beanFactory.freezeConfiguration();
// 初始化非延迟的单例bean,见下文详解
beanFactory.preInstantiateSingletons();
}
DefaultListableBeanFactory#preInstantiateSingletons
public void preInstantiateSingletons() throws BeansException {
List<String> beanNames = new ArrayList<>(this.beanDefinitionNames);
for (String beanName : beanNames) {
// 获取合并的BeanDefinition
RootBeanDefinition bd = getMergedLocalBeanDefinition(beanName);
// bean不是抽象类 && bean是单例作用域 && bean不是延迟加载
if (!bd.isAbstract() && bd.isSingleton() && !bd.isLazyInit()) {
// 如果bean的FactoryBean
if (isFactoryBean(beanName)) {
// 获取FactoryBean的实例,前面加了&符号
Object bean = getBean(FACTORY_BEAN_PREFIX + beanName);
if (bean instanceof FactoryBean) {
final FactoryBean<?> factory = (FactoryBean<?>) bean;
boolean isEagerInit;
if (System.getSecurityManager() != null && factory instanceof SmartFactoryBean) {
isEagerInit = AccessController.doPrivileged((PrivilegedAction<Boolean>)
((SmartFactoryBean<?>) factory)::isEagerInit, getAccessControlContext());
}
else {
// FactoryBean是否提前初始化
isEagerInit = (factory instanceof SmartFactoryBean &&
((SmartFactoryBean<?>) factory).isEagerInit());
}
// 如果是提前初始化直接调用getBean()去初始化bean
if (isEagerInit) {
getBean(beanName);
}
}
}
// 直接调用getBean()去初始化bean
else {
getBean(beanName);
}
}
}
for (String beanName : beanNames) {
// 获取上面初始化后的单例bean
Object singletonInstance = getSingleton(beanName);
// 如果bean实现了SmartInitializingSingleton接口,调用afterSingletonsInstantiated()
if (singletonInstance instanceof SmartInitializingSingleton) {
final SmartInitializingSingleton smartSingleton = (SmartInitializingSingleton) singletonInstance;
if (System.getSecurityManager() != null) {
AccessController.doPrivileged((PrivilegedAction<Object>) () -> {
smartSingleton.afterSingletonsInstantiated();
return null;
}, getAccessControlContext());
}
else {
smartSingleton.afterSingletonsInstantiated();
}
}
}
}
上面代码中的 getMergedLocalBeanDefinition()
在Spring IoC bean 的创建有解析过,这里不再赘述。这里介绍一下 SmartInitializingSingleton
接口,先看下该接口的定义:
public interface SmartInitializingSingleton {
/**
* 单例bean初始化完成之后调用
*/
void afterSingletonsInstantiated();
}
这个接口比较简单,就一个方法,并且只在 preInstantiateSingletons()
中调用了,也就是说你直接使用 BeanFactory
是不会调用该回调方法的。该接口回调方法在单例 bean
初始化完成之后调用后执行,属于 Spring Bean 生命周期的增强。
完成刷新
AbstractApplicationContext#finishRefresh
protected void finishRefresh() {
// 清除资源缓存
clearResourceCaches();
// 为此上下文初始化生命周期处理器,见下文详解
initLifecycleProcessor();
// 首先将刷新完毕事件传播到生命周期处理器,见下详解
getLifecycleProcessor().onRefresh();
// 发布上下文刷新完成的事件
publishEvent(new ContextRefreshedEvent(this));
LiveBeansView.registerApplicationContext(this);
}
AbstractApplicationContext#initLifecycleProcessor
protected void initLifecycleProcessor() {
// 如果当前beanFactory中含有名称为lifecycleProcessor的bean定义,初始化该bean并赋值给全局变量lifecycleProcessor
ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory = getBeanFactory();
if (beanFactory.containsLocalBean(LIFECYCLE_PROCESSOR_BEAN_NAME)) {
this.lifecycleProcessor = beanFactory.getBean(LIFECYCLE_PROCESSOR_BEAN_NAME, LifecycleProcessor.class);
} else {
// beanFactory中没有名称为lifecycleProcessor的bean定义,创建一个DefaultLifecycleProcessor并当做单例bean注册进beanFactory
DefaultLifecycleProcessor defaultProcessor = new DefaultLifecycleProcessor();
defaultProcessor.setBeanFactory(beanFactory);
this.lifecycleProcessor = defaultProcessor;
beanFactory.registerSingleton(LIFECYCLE_PROCESSOR_BEAN_NAME, this.lifecycleProcessor);
}
}
DefaultLifecycleProcessor#onRefresh
public void onRefresh() {
startBeans(true);
this.running = true;
}
private void startBeans(boolean autoStartupOnly) {
// 获取所有实现了Lifecycle或者SmartLifecycle的单例bean
Map<String, Lifecycle> lifecycleBeans = getLifecycleBeans();
Map<Integer, LifecycleGroup> phases = new HashMap<>();
// 因为onRefresh()调用时该方法时,手动设置了autoStartupOnly为false,所以这里的bean必需是SmartLifecycle类型并且isAutoStartup()返回true
lifecycleBeans.forEach((beanName, bean) -> {
if (!autoStartupOnly || (bean instanceof SmartLifecycle && ((SmartLifecycle) bean).isAutoStartup())) {
// 获取bean的阶段值(如果没有实现Phased接口,则值为0)
int phase = getPhase(bean);
// 拿到存放该阶段值的LifecycleGroup,如果为空则新建一个并把当前阶段值加入其中
LifecycleGroup group = phases.get(phase);
if (group == null) {
group = new LifecycleGroup(phase, this.timeoutPerShutdownPhase, lifecycleBeans, autoStartupOnly);
phases.put(phase, group);
}
group.add(beanName, bean);
}
});
// 如果phases不为空,根据阶段值从小到大排序,并调用重写Lifecycle接口的start()
if (!phases.isEmpty()) {
List<Integer> keys = new ArrayList<>(phases.keySet());
Collections.sort(keys);
for (Integer key : keys) {
phases.get(key).start();
}
}
}
总结
本文主要介绍了 ApplicationContext
整个加载的流程,我们可以重新整理一下思路:
- 刷新前的准备,在这里会记录整个上下文启动的开始时间,将激活标识设置为
true
,关闭标识设置为false
。 - 创建一个新的
BeanFactory
,这里大多数情况下都是DefaultListableBeanFactory
。首先会检测之前有没有BeanFactory
,有的话会先销毁再重新创建,然后会加载bean
的定义元信息。 - 配置
BeanFactory
,设置BeanFactory
的classLoader
、表达式语言处理器、添加了ApplicationContext
新增加的Aware
接口回调等。 - 调用
BeanFactory
的后置处理器,这也是BeanFactory
的扩展点;上文有分析过这里不再赘述。 - 注册容器内所有的
BeanPostProcessors
,上文也分析过,不再赘述;值得注意的是如果单单使用BeanFactory
的话是不会自动注册的。 - 初始化消息资源,这里没有过多分析,因为对我们整个流程几乎没什么影响。
- 初始化事件传播器。关于 Spring 的事件,我打算后面单独写一篇文章来介绍,这里就没有多说。
- 在特殊的上下文环境中初始化指定的bean,模板方法留给子类实现。
- 注册监听器,这也留着到 Spring 事件中一起介绍。
- 初始化所有非延迟加载的单例
bean
,并且会回调实现了SmartInitializingSingleton
接口的afterSingletonsInstantiated()
,这个接口算是bean
生命周期的增强。 - 完成上下文的刷新,调用生命周期处理器的
onRefresh()
并且发布上下文刷新完成事件。
最后,我模仿 Spring 写了一个精简版,代码会持续更新。地址:https://github.com/leisurexi/tiny-spring。