python学习之文件综合操作作业

1、编写用户登录接口

1)输入账号密码完成验证,验证通过后输出"登录成功"
2)可以登录不同的用户
3)同一账号输错三次锁定,(提示:锁定的用户存入文件中,这样才能保证程序关闭后,该用户仍然被锁定)

user_info = {
    'egon':{'password':'123','counter':0},
    'tank':{'password':'321','counter':0},
    'alex':{'password':'888','counter':0},
    'vincent':{'password':'777','counter':0}
}
flag = True
while flag:
    inp_name = input('请输入你的账号:').strip()
    inp_pwd = input('请输入你的密码:').strip()
    file_name = 'locked_users.txt'
    with open(r'{}'.format(file_name),mode='rt',encoding='utf-8') as f:
        locked_names = f.readlines()
    for locked_name in locked_names:
        locked_name = locked_name.strip()
        if inp_name == locked_name:
            print('账号{}已锁定。'.format(inp_name))
            flag = False
            break
    else:
        if inp_name in user_info:
            if inp_pwd == user_info.get(inp_name).get('password'):
                print('登录成功')
                break
            else:
                print('密码错误。')
                user_info.get(inp_name)['counter'] += 1
            if user_info.get(inp_name).get('counter') == 3:
                print('账号{}3次密码输入错误,账号已锁定。'.format(inp_name))
                file_name = 'locked_users.txt'
                with open(r'{}'.format(file_name),mode='at',encoding='utf-8') as f:
                    f.write('{}\n'.format(inp_name))
                break
        else:
            print('账号不存在,请重新输入。')

2、编写程序实现用户注册后,可以登录。

while True:
    msg = """
    0 退出
    1 登录
    2 注册
    """
    print(msg)
    cmd = input('请输入命令编号>>: ').strip()
    if not cmd.isdigit():
        print('必须输入命令编号的数字,傻叉')
        continue
    if cmd == '0':
        break
    elif cmd == '1':
        # 登录功能代码(附加:可以把之前的循环嵌套,三次输错退出引入过来)
        count = 0
        flag = True
        while flag:
            inp_name = input('请输入你的账号:').strip()
            inp_pwd = input('请输入你的密码:').strip()
            with open(r'locked_name.txt',mode='rt',encoding='utf-8') as f:
                locked_names = f.readlines()
            for locked_name in locked_names:
                locked_name = locked_name.strip()
                if inp_name == locked_name:
                    print('账号 {} 已锁定。'.format(inp_name))
                    flag = False
                    break
            else:
                with open(r'db.txt',mode='rt',encoding='utf-8') as f:
                    users = f.readlines()
                user_info = {}
                for user in users:
                    user_name,password = user.strip().split(':')
                    user_info[user_name] = password
                if inp_name in user_info:
                    if inp_pwd == user_info.get(inp_name):
                        print('登录成功。')
                        break
                    else:
                        print('密码错误。')
                        count += 1
                    if count ==3:
                        print('账号 {} 3次输入密码错误,账号已锁定。'.format(inp_name))
                        with open(r'locked_name.txt',mode='at',encoding='utf-8') as f:
                            f.write('{}\n'.format(inp_name))
                        break
                else:
                    print('你输入的账号不存在,请重新输入。')
    elif cmd == '2':
        # 注册功能代码
        inp_name = input('请输入你要注册的账号:').strip()
        inp_pwd = input('请为你的账号设置密码:').strip()
        file_name = 'db.txt'
        with open(r'{}'.format(file_name),mode='rt',encoding='utf-8') as f:
            users = f.readlines()
        user_names = []
        for user in users:
            user_name,*_ = user.strip().split(':')
            user_names.append(user_name)
        if inp_name in user_names:
            print('账号已存在,注册失败。')
        else:
            with open(r'{}'.format(file_name),'at',encoding='utf-8') as f:
                f.write('{}:{}\n'.format(inp_name,inp_pwd))
            print('注册成功。')
    else:
        print('输入的命令不存在')

思考题:怎么让第2题的if-elif-else变得更加优美?

思路:让if-elif-else变得优美,其实就是减少条件的数量,即减少elif的数量;elif只能够运行一个,由此想到使用成员运算in,因此考虑将elif的内容存入列表或字典中,使用字典的话则更加灵活方便;字典的value肯定不能是一堆需要运行的代码,考虑将elif的功能封装成函数,函数名即为 value。

#  定义一个注册功能函数register
def register():
    inp_name = input('请输入你要注册的账号:').strip()
    inp_pwd = input('请为你的账号设置密码:').strip()
    file_name = 'db.txt'
    with open(r'{}'.format(file_name),mode='rt',encoding='utf-8') as f:
        users = f.readlines()
    user_names = []
    for user in users:
        user_name,*_ = user.strip().split(':')
        user_names.append(user_name)
    if inp_name in user_names:
        print('账号已存在,注册失败。')
    else:
        with open(r'{}'.format(file_name),'at',encoding='utf-8') as f:
            f.write('{}:{}\n'.format(inp_name,inp_pwd))
        print('注册成功。')
        
        
#  定义一个登录功能函数log_in
def log_in():
    count = 0
    flag = True
    while flag:
        inp_name = input('请输入你的账号:').strip()
        inp_pwd = input('请输入你的密码:').strip()
        with open(r'locked_name.txt',mode='rt',encoding='utf-8') as f:
            locked_names = f.readlines()
        for locked_name in locked_names:
            locked_name = locked_name.strip()
            if inp_name == locked_name:
                print('账号 {} 已锁定。'.format(inp_name))
                flag = False
                break
        else:
            with open(r'db.txt',mode='rt',encoding='utf-8') as f:
                users = f.readlines()
            user_info = {}
            for user in users:
                user_name,password = user.strip().split(':')
                user_info[user_name] = password
            if inp_name in user_info:
                if inp_pwd == user_info.get(inp_name):
                    print('登录成功。')
                    break
                else:
                    print('密码错误。')
                    count += 1
                if count ==3:
                    print('账号 {} 3次输入密码错误,账号已锁定。'.format(inp_name))
                    with open(r'locked_name.txt',mode='at',encoding='utf-8') as f:
                        f.write('{}\n'.format(inp_name))
                    break
            else:
                print('你输入的账号不存在,请重新输入。')


#主程序部分
while True:
    msg = """
    0 退出
    1 登录
    2 注册
    """
    print(msg)
    cmd = input('请输入命令编号>>: ').strip()
    cmd_dic = {
    '1':log_in,
    '2':register
    }
    if cmd == '0':
        break
    elif cmd in cmd_dic:
        cmd_dic.get(cmd)()
    else:
        print('只能输入命令编号的数字,傻叉')

总结:虽然在这个列子中看不出来这种做法有什么很大的作用,但是实际上是因为这个例子中的elif只有两个,假设有很多个elif,相信这种方法的美化作用将十分明显。

posted @ 2020-03-15 22:00  慆慢险躁  阅读(190)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报