十二、Spring之IOC容器初始化
Spring之IOC容器初始化
前言
在前面我们分析了最底层的IOC容器BeanFactory,接着简单分析了高级形态的容器ApplicationContext，在ApplicationContext 中我们知道一个核心方法 refresh，这里面就是IOC容器的初始化流程，在前面并没有直接去分析它，只是简单的分析了BeanDefinition的载入,解析注册，有了这些基础后，再来完整的分析IOC容器的启动流程。
refresh 源码分析
在 AbstractApplicationContext 中以及将refresh整个流程定义出来了，我们再来看refresh 源码。
@Override
public void refresh() throws BeansException, IllegalStateException {
synchronized (this.startupShutdownMonitor) {
// Prepare this context for refreshing.
prepareRefresh();
// Tell the subclass to refresh the internal bean factory.
ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory = obtainFreshBeanFactory();
// Prepare the bean factory for use in this context.
prepareBeanFactory(beanFactory);
try {
// Allows post-processing of the bean factory in context subclasses.
postProcessBeanFactory(beanFactory);
// Invoke factory processors registered as beans in the context.
invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(beanFactory);
// Register bean processors that intercept bean creation.
registerBeanPostProcessors(beanFactory);
// Initialize message source for this context.
initMessageSource();
// Initialize event multicaster for this context.
initApplicationEventMulticaster();
// Initialize other special beans in specific context subclasses.
onRefresh();
// Check for listener beans and register them.
registerListeners();
// Instantiate all remaining (non-lazy-init) singletons.
finishBeanFactoryInitialization(beanFactory);
// Last step: publish corresponding event.
finishRefresh();
}
catch (BeansException ex) {
if (logger.isWarnEnabled()) {
logger.warn("Exception encountered during context initialization - " +
"cancelling refresh attempt: " + ex);
}
// Destroy already created singletons to avoid dangling resources.
destroyBeans();
// Reset 'active' flag.
cancelRefresh(ex);
// Propagate exception to caller.
throw ex;
}
finally {
// Reset common introspection caches in Spring's core, since we
// might not ever need metadata for singleton beans anymore...
resetCommonCaches();
}
}
}
下面我们针对refresh里面的执行流程一个一个的进行分析，来看它做了什么并且是如何实现的。
prepareRefresh()
protected void prepareRefresh() {
// 记录启动时间，
this.startupDate = System.currentTimeMillis();
// 设置容器状态
this.closed.set(false);
this.active.set(true);
if (logger.isInfoEnabled()) {
logger.info("Refreshing " + this);
}
// 初始化一些属性设置(一个空方法，留给子类具体实现)
initPropertySources();
// 校验属性的合法性
getEnvironment().validateRequiredProperties();
//保存容器中一些早期的事件
this.earlyApplicationEvents = new LinkedHashSet<ApplicationEvent>();
}
创建IOC容器
refresh方法中的下一行 obtainFreshBeanFactory()。
注意，这个方法很重要，这里将会初始化 BeanFactory、加载 Bean、注册 Bean 等等。
AbstractApplicationContext -> obtainFreshBeanFactory:
protected ConfigurableListableBeanFactory obtainFreshBeanFactory() {
// 关闭旧的 BeanFactory (如果有)，创建新的 BeanFactory，加载 Bean 定义、注册 Bean 等等
refreshBeanFactory();
ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory = getBeanFactory();
if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
logger.debug("Bean factory for " + getDisplayName() + ": " + beanFactory);
}
return beanFactory;
}
AbstractRefreshableApplicationContext->refreshBeanFactory:
@Override
protected final void refreshBeanFactory() throws BeansException {
if (hasBeanFactory()) {
destroyBeans();
closeBeanFactory();
}
try {
// 初始化一个 DefaultListableBeanFactory
DefaultListableBeanFactory beanFactory = createBeanFactory();
// 用于 BeanFactory 的序列化
beanFactory.setSerializationId(getId());
// 设置 BeanFactory 的两个配置属性：是否允许 Bean 覆盖、是否允许循环引用
customizeBeanFactory(beanFactory);
// 加载 Bean 到 BeanFactory 中
loadBeanDefinitions(beanFactory);
synchronized (this.beanFactoryMonitor) {
this.beanFactory = beanFactory;
}
}
catch (IOException ex) {
throw new ApplicationContextException("I/O error parsing bean definition source for " + getDisplayName(), ex);
}
}
这里主要看一下 customizeBeanFactory 方法：
protected void customizeBeanFactory(DefaultListableBeanFactory beanFactory) {
if (this.allowBeanDefinitionOverriding != null) {
// 是否允许 Bean 定义覆盖
beanFactory.setAllowBeanDefinitionOverriding(this.allowBeanDefinitionOverriding);
}
if (this.allowCircularReferences != null) {
// 是否允许 Bean 间的循环依赖
beanFactory.setAllowCircularReferences(this.allowCircularReferences);
}
}
prepareBeanFactory
BeanFactory预准备工作
protected void prepareBeanFactory(ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory) {
//设置类加载器
beanFactory.setBeanClassLoader(getClassLoader());
//设置支持表达式的解析器
beanFactory.setBeanExpressionResolver(new StandardBeanExpressionResolver(beanFactory.getBeanClassLoader()));
beanFactory.addPropertyEditorRegistrar(new ResourceEditorRegistrar(this, getEnvironment()));
/**
添加一个 BeanPostProcessor，这个 processor 比较简单：
实现了 Aware 接口的 beans 在初始化的时候，这个 processor 负责回调，
这个我们很常用，如我们会为了获取 ApplicationContext 而 implement ApplicationContextAware
注意：它不仅仅回调 ApplicationContextAware，
还会负责回调 EnvironmentAware、ResourceLoaderAware 等，看下源码就清楚了
*/
beanFactory.addBeanPostProcessor(new ApplicationContextAwareProcessor(this));
// 下面几行的意思就是，如果某个 bean 依赖于以下几个接口的实现类，在自动装配的时候忽略它们，
// Spring 会通过其他方式来处理这些依赖。
beanFactory.ignoreDependencyInterface(EnvironmentAware.class);
beanFactory.ignoreDependencyInterface(EmbeddedValueResolverAware.class);
beanFactory.ignoreDependencyInterface(ResourceLoaderAware.class);
beanFactory.ignoreDependencyInterface(ApplicationEventPublisherAware.class);
beanFactory.ignoreDependencyInterface(MessageSourceAware.class);
beanFactory.ignoreDependencyInterface(ApplicationContextAware.class);
// BeanFactory interface not registered as resolvable type in a plain factory.
// MessageSource registered (and found for autowiring) as a bean.
beanFactory.registerResolvableDependency(BeanFactory.class, beanFactory);
beanFactory.registerResolvableDependency(ResourceLoader.class, this);
beanFactory.registerResolvableDependency(ApplicationEventPublisher.class, this);
beanFactory.registerResolvableDependency(ApplicationContext.class, this);
// 这个 BeanPostProcessor 也很简单，在 bean 实例化后，如果是 ApplicationListener 的子类，
// 那么将其添加到 listener 列表中，可以理解成：注册 事件监听器
beanFactory.addBeanPostProcessor(new ApplicationListenerDetector(this));
// Detect a LoadTimeWeaver and prepare for weaving, if found.
if (beanFactory.containsBean(LOAD_TIME_WEAVER_BEAN_NAME)) {
beanFactory.addBeanPostProcessor(new LoadTimeWeaverAwareProcessor(beanFactory));
// Set a temporary ClassLoader for type matching.
beanFactory.setTempClassLoader(new ContextTypeMatchClassLoader(beanFactory.getBeanClassLoader()));
}
// Register default environment beans.
if (!beanFactory.containsLocalBean(ENVIRONMENT_BEAN_NAME)) {
beanFactory.registerSingleton(ENVIRONMENT_BEAN_NAME, getEnvironment());
}
if (!beanFactory.containsLocalBean(SYSTEM_PROPERTIES_BEAN_NAME)) {
beanFactory.registerSingleton(SYSTEM_PROPERTIES_BEAN_NAME, getEnvironment().getSystemProperties());
}
if (!beanFactory.containsLocalBean(SYSTEM_ENVIRONMENT_BEAN_NAME)) {
beanFactory.registerSingleton(SYSTEM_ENVIRONMENT_BEAN_NAME, getEnvironment().getSystemEnvironment());
}
}
postProcessBeanFactory(beanFactory)
这个方法的作用主要是完成BeanFactory准备工作完成之后进行的后置处理工作，不要和BeanPostProcessor搞混了。
如果有 Bean 实现了BeanFactoryPostProcessor接口，那么在容器初始化以后，Spring 会负责调用里面的 postProcessBeanFactory 方法。
这里是提供给子类的扩展点，子类通过重写这个方法在BeanFactory创建并预准备完成以后做进一步的设置。
invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(beanFactory)
这个方法就是调用调用 BeanFactoryPostProcessor 各个实现类的 postProcessBeanFactory(factory) 方法
protected void invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory) {
PostProcessorRegistrationDelegate.invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(beanFactory, getBeanFactoryPostProcessors());
// Detect a LoadTimeWeaver and prepare for weaving, if found in the meantime
// (e.g. through an @Bean method registered by ConfigurationClassPostProcessor)
if (beanFactory.getTempClassLoader() == null && beanFactory.containsBean(LOAD_TIME_WEAVER_BEAN_NAME)) {
beanFactory.addBeanPostProcessor(new LoadTimeWeaverAwareProcessor(beanFactory));
beanFactory.setTempClassLoader(new ContextTypeMatchClassLoader(beanFactory.getBeanClassLoader()));
}
}
我们主要来看PostProcessorRegistrationDelegate.invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(beanFactory, getBeanFactoryPostProcessors())这一句。
public static void invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(
ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory, List<BeanFactoryPostProcessor> beanFactoryPostProcessors) {
Set<String> processedBeans = new HashSet<>();
//先判断当前的BeanFactory是不是BeanDefinitionRegistry(DefaultListableBeanFactory是BeanDefinitionRegistry)
if (beanFactory instanceof BeanDefinitionRegistry) {
BeanDefinitionRegistry registry = (BeanDefinitionRegistry) beanFactory;
List<BeanFactoryPostProcessor> regularPostProcessors = new ArrayList<>();
List<BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor> registryProcessors = new ArrayList<>();
//拿到所有的BeanFactoryPostProcessor在这进行遍历(一般第一次刷新容器不会走下面这个for循环，因为此时容器中还没有将BeanFactoryPostProcessor加入它对应的集合中，所以传入参数beanFactoryPostProcessors为空)
for (BeanFactoryPostProcessor postProcessor : beanFactoryPostProcessors) {
if (postProcessor instanceof BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor) {
BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor registryProcessor =
(BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor) postProcessor;
registryProcessor.postProcessBeanDefinitionRegistry(registry);
registryProcessors.add(registryProcessor);
}
else {
regularPostProcessors.add(postProcessor);
}
}
// Do not initialize FactoryBeans here: We need to leave all regular beans
// uninitialized to let the bean factory post-processors apply to them!
// Separate between BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessors that implement
// PriorityOrdered, Ordered, and the rest.
List<BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor> currentRegistryProcessors = new ArrayList<>();
//首先，从容器中获取所有类型为BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor的bean
String[] postProcessorNames = beanFactory.getBeanNamesForType(BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor.class, true, false);
//然后先遍历执行实现PriorityOrdered接口的BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor的接口方法
for (String ppName : postProcessorNames) {
if (beanFactory.isTypeMatch(ppName, PriorityOrdered.class)) {
currentRegistryProcessors.add(beanFactory.getBean(ppName, BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor.class));
processedBeans.add(ppName);
}
}
sortPostProcessors(currentRegistryProcessors, beanFactory);
registryProcessors.addAll(currentRegistryProcessors);
invokeBeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessors(currentRegistryProcessors, registry);
currentRegistryProcessors.clear();
//下来再执行实现了Ordered接口的BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor的接口方法
postProcessorNames = beanFactory.getBeanNamesForType(BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor.class, true, false);
for (String ppName : postProcessorNames) {
if (!processedBeans.contains(ppName) && beanFactory.isTypeMatch(ppName, Ordered.class)) {
currentRegistryProcessors.add(beanFactory.getBean(ppName, BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor.class));
processedBeans.add(ppName);
}
}
sortPostProcessors(currentRegistryProcessors, beanFactory);
registryProcessors.addAll(currentRegistryProcessors);
invokeBeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessors(currentRegistryProcessors, registry);
currentRegistryProcessors.clear();
//最后执行没有实现任何接口的
boolean reiterate = true;
while (reiterate) {
reiterate = false;
postProcessorNames = beanFactory.getBeanNamesForType(BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor.class, true, false);
for (String ppName : postProcessorNames) {
if (!processedBeans.contains(ppName)) {
currentRegistryProcessors.add(beanFactory.getBean(ppName, BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor.class));
processedBeans.add(ppName);
reiterate = true;
}
}
sortPostProcessors(currentRegistryProcessors, beanFactory);
registryProcessors.addAll(currentRegistryProcessors);
invokeBeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessors(currentRegistryProcessors, registry);
currentRegistryProcessors.clear();
}
//----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
//下面就和上面一样的模式来执行容器中的BeanFactoryPostProcessor接口实现类的接口方法
// Now, invoke the postProcessBeanFactory callback of all processors handled so far.
invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(registryProcessors, beanFactory);
invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(regularPostProcessors, beanFactory);
}
else {
// Invoke factory processors registered with the context instance.
invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(beanFactoryPostProcessors, beanFactory);
}
// Do not initialize FactoryBeans here: We need to leave all regular beans
// uninitialized to let the bean factory post-processors apply to them!
String[] postProcessorNames =
beanFactory.getBeanNamesForType(BeanFactoryPostProcessor.class, true, false);
// Separate between BeanFactoryPostProcessors that implement PriorityOrdered,
// Ordered, and the rest.
List<BeanFactoryPostProcessor> priorityOrderedPostProcessors = new ArrayList<>();
List<String> orderedPostProcessorNames = new ArrayList<>();
List<String> nonOrderedPostProcessorNames = new ArrayList<>();
for (String ppName : postProcessorNames) {
if (processedBeans.contains(ppName)) {
// skip - already processed in first phase above
}
else if (beanFactory.isTypeMatch(ppName, PriorityOrdered.class)) {
priorityOrderedPostProcessors.add(beanFactory.getBean(ppName, BeanFactoryPostProcessor.class));
}
else if (beanFactory.isTypeMatch(ppName, Ordered.class)) {
orderedPostProcessorNames.add(ppName);
}
else {
nonOrderedPostProcessorNames.add(ppName);
}
}
// First, invoke the BeanFactoryPostProcessors that implement PriorityOrdered.
sortPostProcessors(priorityOrderedPostProcessors, beanFactory);
invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(priorityOrderedPostProcessors, beanFactory);
// Next, invoke the BeanFactoryPostProcessors that implement Ordered.
List<BeanFactoryPostProcessor> orderedPostProcessors = new ArrayList<>();
for (String postProcessorName : orderedPostProcessorNames) {
orderedPostProcessors.add(beanFactory.getBean(postProcessorName, BeanFactoryPostProcessor.class));
}
sortPostProcessors(orderedPostProcessors, beanFactory);
invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(orderedPostProcessors, beanFactory);
// Finally, invoke all other BeanFactoryPostProcessors.
List<BeanFactoryPostProcessor> nonOrderedPostProcessors = new ArrayList<>();
for (String postProcessorName : nonOrderedPostProcessorNames) {
nonOrderedPostProcessors.add(beanFactory.getBean(postProcessorName, BeanFactoryPostProcessor.class));
}
invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(nonOrderedPostProcessors, beanFactory);
// Clear cached merged bean definitions since the post-processors might have
// modified the original metadata, e.g. replacing placeholders in values...
beanFactory.clearMetadataCache();
}
registerBeanPostProcessors(beanFactory)
这个方法是用来注册BeanPostProcessor(Bean的后置处理器)，来拦截Bean的创建过程。
这里也就不展开了，和处理 BeanFactoryPostProcessors 类似按照优先级注册，只是这里注册BeanPostProcessors ，并没有执行其方法，具体的执行时机是在bean实例化的时候。
initMessageSource()
初始化MessageSource组件，这个主要是用来完成国际化、消息绑定、以及消息解析功能的。
initApplicationEventMulticaster()和registerListeners()
初始化事件派发器和注册事件监听器，这两个方法在之前的文章中有分析过，这里就不再做分析了。
finishBeanFactoryInitialization(beanFactory)
这个方法很重要，作用是来完成剩下的非懒加载的单实例Bean
protected void finishBeanFactoryInitialization(ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory) {
// 首先，初始化名字为 conversionService 的 Bean。这里暂时不讲
if (beanFactory.containsBean(CONVERSION_SERVICE_BEAN_NAME) &&
beanFactory.isTypeMatch(CONVERSION_SERVICE_BEAN_NAME, ConversionService.class)) {
beanFactory.setConversionService(
beanFactory.getBean(CONVERSION_SERVICE_BEAN_NAME, ConversionService.class));
}
//不管
if (!beanFactory.hasEmbeddedValueResolver()) {
beanFactory.addEmbeddedValueResolver(strVal -> getEnvironment().resolvePlaceholders(strVal));
}
// 这是 AspectJ 相关的内容，先不管
String[] weaverAwareNames = beanFactory.getBeanNamesForType(LoadTimeWeaverAware.class, false, false);
for (String weaverAwareName : weaverAwareNames) {
getBean(weaverAwareName);
}
// Stop using the temporary ClassLoader for type matching.
beanFactory.setTempClassLoader(null);
// 冻结 BeanDefinition，不再修改配置了
beanFactory.freezeConfiguration();
// Instantiate all remaining (non-lazy-init) singletons.
// 开始初始化 单例bean
beanFactory.preInstantiateSingletons();
}
DefaultListableBeanFactory-> preInstantiateSingletons:这个方法才是开始初始化单例bean
public void preInstantiateSingletons() throws BeansException {
// this.beanDefinitionNames 保存了所有的 beanNames
List<String> beanNames = new ArrayList<>(this.beanDefinitionNames);
// 触发所有的非懒加载的 singleton beans 的初始化操作
for (String beanName : beanNames) {
RootBeanDefinition bd = getMergedLocalBeanDefinition(beanName);
// 非抽象、非懒加载的 singletons。如果配置了 'abstract = true'，那是不需要初始化的
if (!bd.isAbstract() && bd.isSingleton() && !bd.isLazyInit()) {
// 处理 FactoryBean
if (isFactoryBean(beanName)) {
// FactoryBean 的话，在 beanName 前面加上 ‘&’ 符号。再调用 getBean
Object bean = getBean(FACTORY_BEAN_PREFIX + beanName);
if (bean instanceof FactoryBean) {
final FactoryBean<?> factory = (FactoryBean<?>) bean;
boolean isEagerInit;
// 判断当前 FactoryBean 是否是 SmartFactoryBean 的实现，忽略
if (System.getSecurityManager() != null && factory instanceof SmartFactoryBean) {
isEagerInit = AccessController.doPrivileged((PrivilegedAction<Boolean>)
((SmartFactoryBean<?>) factory)::isEagerInit,
getAccessControlContext());
}
else {
isEagerInit = (factory instanceof SmartFactoryBean &&
((SmartFactoryBean<?>) factory).isEagerInit());
}
if (isEagerInit) {
getBean(beanName);
}
}
}
else {
// 对于普通的 Bean，只要调用 getBean(beanName) 这个方法就可以进行初始化了
getBean(beanName);
}
}
}
// 到这里说明所有的非懒加载的 singleton beans 已经完成了初始化
// 如果我们定义的 bean 是实现了 SmartInitializingSingleton 接口的，那么在这里得到回调，忽略
for (String beanName : beanNames) {
Object singletonInstance = getSingleton(beanName);
if (singletonInstance instanceof SmartInitializingSingleton) {
final SmartInitializingSingleton smartSingleton = (SmartInitializingSingleton) singletonInstance;
if (System.getSecurityManager() != null) {
AccessController.doPrivileged((PrivilegedAction<Object>) () -> {
smartSingleton.afterSingletonsInstantiated();
return null;
}, getAccessControlContext());
}
else {
smartSingleton.afterSingletonsInstantiated();
}
}
}
}
getBean(beanName)
大多数bean都是通过这个方法来进行初始化的
AbstractBeanFactory->getBean:
@Override
public Object getBean(String name) throws BeansException {
return doGetBean(name, null, null, false);
}
doGetBean：
protected <T> T doGetBean(final String name, final Class<T> requiredType,
final Object[] args, boolean typeCheckOnly) throws BeansException {
// 获取一个 标准的 beanName，处理两种情况：
//一个是前面说的 FactoryBean(前面带 ‘&’)，
//如果指定的是别名，将别名转换为规范的Bean名称
final String beanName = transformedBeanName(name);
Object bean;
// 检查下是不是已经存在了，如果已经创建了的单例bean,会放入Map 中
Object sharedInstance = getSingleton(beanName);
// 但是如果 args 不为空的时候，那么不管是否该bean已经存在都会重新创建
if (sharedInstance != null && args == null) {
// 下面这个方法：如果是普通 Bean 的话，直接返回 sharedInstance，
// 如果是 FactoryBean 的话，返回它创建的那个实例对象，调用FactoryBean的getObject 方法
//这里就不展开了
bean = getObjectForBeanInstance(sharedInstance, name, beanName, null);
}
else {
// 创建过了此 beanName 的 prototype 类型的 bean，那么抛异常，
// 往往是因为陷入了循环引用
if (isPrototypeCurrentlyInCreation(beanName)) {
throw new BeanCurrentlyInCreationException(beanName);
}
// 检查一下这个 BeanDefinition 在容器中是否存在
BeanFactory parentBeanFactory = getParentBeanFactory();
if (parentBeanFactory != null && !containsBeanDefinition(beanName)) {
// 如果当前容器不存在这个 BeanDefinition，看看父容器中有没有
String nameToLookup = originalBeanName(name);
if (parentBeanFactory instanceof AbstractBeanFactory) {
return ((AbstractBeanFactory) parentBeanFactory).doGetBean(
nameToLookup, requiredType, args, typeCheckOnly);
}
else if (args != null) {
return (T) parentBeanFactory.getBean(nameToLookup, args);
}
else {
// No args -> delegate to standard getBean method.
return parentBeanFactory.getBean(nameToLookup, requiredType);
}
}
if (!typeCheckOnly) {
// typeCheckOnly 为 false，将当前 beanName 放入一个 alreadyCreated 的 Set 集合中，标记一下。
markBeanAsCreated(beanName);
}
/*
* 到这里的话，要准备创建 Bean 了，
* 对于 singleton 的 Bean 来说，容器中还没创建过此 Bean；
* 对于 prototype 的 Bean 来说，本来就是要创建一个新的 Bean。
*/
try {
//根据指定Bean名称获取其父级的Bean定义，主要解决Bean继承时子类
//合并父类公共属性问题
final RootBeanDefinition mbd = getMergedLocalBeanDefinition(beanName);
checkMergedBeanDefinition(mbd, beanName, args);
// 先初始化依赖的所有 Bean
//检查是不是有循环依赖，这里的循环依赖和我们前面说的循环依赖又不一样
//这里的依赖指的是 depends-on 中定义的依赖
//depends-on用来表示一个Bean的实例化依靠另一个Bean先实例化。
//如果在一个bean A上定义了depend-on B那么就表示：A 实例化前先实例化 B。
String[] dependsOn = mbd.getDependsOn();
if (dependsOn != null) {
for (String dep : dependsOn) {
if (isDependent(beanName, dep)) {
throw new BeanCreationException(mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName,
"Circular depends-on relationship between '" + beanName + "' and '" + dep + "'");
}
// 注册一下依赖关系
registerDependentBean(dep, beanName);
try {
//递归调用getBean方法，获取当前Bean的依赖Bean
getBean(dep);
}
catch (NoSuchBeanDefinitionException ex) {
throw new BeanCreationException(mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName,
"'" + beanName + "' depends on missing bean '" + dep + "'", ex);
}
}
}
// 如果是 singleton scope 的，创建 singleton 的实例
if (mbd.isSingleton()) {
sharedInstance = getSingleton(beanName, () -> {
try {
return createBean(beanName, mbd, args);
}
catch (BeansException ex) {
// Explicitly remove instance from singleton cache: It might have been put there
// eagerly by the creation process, to allow for circular reference resolution.
// Also remove any beans that received a temporary reference to the bean.
destroySingleton(beanName);
throw ex;
}
});
bean = getObjectForBeanInstance(sharedInstance, name, beanName, mbd);
}
// 如果是 prototype scope 的，创建 prototype 的实例
else if (mbd.isPrototype()) {
// It's a prototype -> create a new instance.
Object prototypeInstance = null;
try {
beforePrototypeCreation(beanName);
prototypeInstance = createBean(beanName, mbd, args);
}
finally {
afterPrototypeCreation(beanName);
}
bean = getObjectForBeanInstance(prototypeInstance, name, beanName, mbd);
}
else {
// 如果不是 singleton 和 prototype 的话，需要委托给相应的实现类来处理
String scopeName = mbd.getScope();
final Scope scope = this.scopes.get(scopeName);
if (scope == null) {
throw new IllegalStateException("No Scope registered for scope name '" + scopeName + "'");
}
try {
Object scopedInstance = scope.get(beanName, () -> {
//回调beforePrototypeCreation方法
beforePrototypeCreation(beanName);
try {
return createBean(beanName, mbd, args);
}
finally {
//回调afterPrototypeCreation方法
afterPrototypeCreation(beanName);
}
});
//获取给定Bean的实例对象
bean = getObjectForBeanInstance(scopedInstance, name, beanName, mbd);
}
catch (IllegalStateException ex) {
throw new BeanCreationException(beanName,
"Scope '" + scopeName + "' is not active for the current thread; consider " +
"defining a scoped proxy for this bean if you intend to refer to it from a singleton",
ex);
}
}
}
catch (BeansException ex) {
cleanupAfterBeanCreationFailure(beanName);
throw ex;
}
}
//对创建的Bean实例对象进行类型检查
if (requiredType != null && !requiredType.isInstance(bean)) {
try {
T convertedBean = getTypeConverter().convertIfNecessary(bean, requiredType);
if (convertedBean == null) {
throw new BeanNotOfRequiredTypeException(name, requiredType, bean.getClass());
}
return convertedBean;
}
catch (TypeMismatchException ex) {
if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
logger.debug("Failed to convert bean '" + name + "' to required type '" +
ClassUtils.getQualifiedName(requiredType) + "'", ex);
}
throw new BeanNotOfRequiredTypeException(name, requiredType, bean.getClass());
}
}
return (T) bean;
}
上面，我们可以看见在创建实例时做了判断
- 如果Bean定义的单态模式(Singleton)，则容器在创建之前先从缓存中查找，以确保整个容器中只存在一个实例对象
- 如果Bean定义的是原型模式(Prototype)，则容器每次都会创建一个新的实例对象。
- 两者都不是，则根据Bean定义资源中配置的生命周期范围，选择实例化Bean的合适方法，这种在Web应用程序中 比较常用，如：request、session、application等生命周期。
通过上面的代码基本上理解大概逻辑是不成问题的，接下来肯定就是分析createBean 方法了。
AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory->createBean:
protected Object createBean(String beanName, RootBeanDefinition mbd, @Nullable Object[] args)
throws BeanCreationException {
if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
logger.debug("Creating instance of bean '" + beanName + "'");
}
RootBeanDefinition mbdToUse = mbd;
// 确保 BeanDefinition 中的 Class 被加载
Class<?> resolvedClass = resolveBeanClass(mbd, beanName);
if (resolvedClass != null && !mbd.hasBeanClass() && mbd.getBeanClassName() != null) {
mbdToUse = new RootBeanDefinition(mbd);
mbdToUse.setBeanClass(resolvedClass);
}
// 准备方法覆写，这里又涉及到一个概念：MethodOverrides，
// 它来自于 bean 定义中的 <replaced-method />
// 没怎么了解
try {
mbdToUse.prepareMethodOverrides();
}
catch (BeanDefinitionValidationException ex) {
throw new BeanDefinitionStoreException(mbdToUse.getResourceDescription(),
beanName, "Validation of method overrides failed", ex);
}
try {
// Give BeanPostProcessors a chance to return a proxy instead of the target bean instance.
//如果Bean配置了初始化前和初始化后的处理器，则试图返回一个代理对象
//这个方法在之前的文章中也有解析
Object bean = resolveBeforeInstantiation(beanName, mbdToUse);
if (bean != null) {
return bean;
}
}
catch (Throwable ex) {
throw new BeanCreationException(mbdToUse.getResourceDescription(), beanName,
"BeanPostProcessor before instantiation of bean failed", ex);
}
try {
//创建 bean
Object beanInstance = doCreateBean(beanName, mbdToUse, args);
return beanInstance;
}
catch (BeanCreationException | ImplicitlyAppearedSingletonException ex) {
throw ex;
}
catch (Throwable ex) {
throw new BeanCreationException(
mbdToUse.getResourceDescription(), beanName, "Unexpected exception during bean creation", ex);
}
}
doCreateBean
protected Object doCreateBean(final String beanName, final RootBeanDefinition mbd, final @Nullable Object[] args)
throws BeanCreationException {
// Instantiate the bean.
BeanWrapper instanceWrapper = null;
if (mbd.isSingleton()) {
//移除BeanWrapper缓存
instanceWrapper = this.factoryBeanInstanceCache.remove(beanName);
}
if (instanceWrapper == null) {
//创建 BeanWrapper
instanceWrapper = createBeanInstance(beanName, mbd, args);
}
//获得bean 实例
final Object bean = instanceWrapper.getWrappedInstance();
//获取实例化对象的类型
Class<?> beanType = instanceWrapper.getWrappedClass();
if (beanType != NullBean.class) {
mbd.resolvedTargetType = beanType;
}
// Allow post-processors to modify the merged bean definition.
//调用PostProcessor后置处理器
synchronized (mbd.postProcessingLock) {
if (!mbd.postProcessed) {
try {
applyMergedBeanDefinitionPostProcessors(mbd, beanType, beanName);
}
catch (Throwable ex) {
throw new BeanCreationException(mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName,
"Post-processing of merged bean definition failed", ex);
}
mbd.postProcessed = true;
}
}
// Eagerly cache singletons to be able to resolve circular references
// even when triggered by lifecycle interfaces like BeanFactoryAware.
// 下面代码是为了解决循环依赖的问题
boolean earlySingletonExposure = (mbd.isSingleton() && this.allowCircularReferences &&
isSingletonCurrentlyInCreation(beanName));
//提前曝光bean
if (earlySingletonExposure) {
addSingletonFactory(beanName, () -> getEarlyBeanReference(beanName, mbd, bean));
}
// Initialize the bean instance.
Object exposedObject = bean;
try {
//实例化后，需要进行属性的赋值
populateBean(beanName, mbd, instanceWrapper);
// 这里就是处理 bean 初始化完成后的各种回调，例如init-method 配置，BeanPostProcessor接口
exposedObject = initializeBean(beanName, exposedObject, mbd);
}
catch (Throwable ex) {
if (ex instanceof BeanCreationException && beanName.equals(((BeanCreationException) ex).getBeanName())) {
throw (BeanCreationException) ex;
}
else {
throw new BeanCreationException(
mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName, "Initialization of bean failed", ex);
}
}
if (earlySingletonExposure) {
//如果已经提交曝光了bean,那么就从缓存中获取bean
Object earlySingletonReference = getSingleton(beanName, false);
if (earlySingletonReference != null) {
//根据名称获取的以注册的Bean和正在实例化的Bean是同一个
if (exposedObject == bean) {
exposedObject = earlySingletonReference;
}
else if (!this.allowRawInjectionDespiteWrapping && hasDependentBean(beanName)) {
String[] dependentBeans = getDependentBeans(beanName);
Set<String> actualDependentBeans = new LinkedHashSet<>(dependentBeans.length);
for (String dependentBean : dependentBeans) {
if (!removeSingletonIfCreatedForTypeCheckOnly(dependentBean)) {
actualDependentBeans.add(dependentBean);
}
}
if (!actualDependentBeans.isEmpty()) {
throw new BeanCurrentlyInCreationException(beanName,
"Bean with name '" + beanName + "' has been injected into other beans [" +
StringUtils.collectionToCommaDelimitedString(actualDependentBeans) +
"] in its raw version as part of a circular reference, but has eventually been " +
"wrapped. This means that said other beans do not use the final version of the " +
"bean. This is often the result of over-eager type matching - consider using " +
"'getBeanNamesOfType' with the 'allowEagerInit' flag turned off, for example.");
}
}
}
}
// Register bean as disposable.
try {
registerDisposableBeanIfNecessary(beanName, bean, mbd);
}
catch (BeanDefinitionValidationException ex) {
throw new BeanCreationException(
mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName, "Invalid destruction signature", ex);
}
return exposedObject;
}
到这里，基本上简单的分析了 doCreateBean 方法，整个bean就已经初始化完成了，这里面有三个重点的方法（过程）
1、创建 Bean 实例(createBeanInstance) 方法，
2、依赖注入(populateBean) 方法，
3、一系列初始化或者回调(initializeBean)。
createBeanInstance：
protected BeanWrapper createBeanInstance(String beanName, RootBeanDefinition mbd, @Nullable Object[] args) {
// Make sure bean class is actually resolved at this point.
Class<?> beanClass = resolveBeanClass(mbd, beanName);
// 校验 类的访问权限
if (beanClass != null && !Modifier.isPublic(beanClass.getModifiers()) && !mbd.isNonPublicAccessAllowed()) {
throw new BeanCreationException(mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName,
"Bean class isn't public, and non-public access not allowed: " + beanClass.getName());
}
Supplier<?> instanceSupplier = mbd.getInstanceSupplier();
if (instanceSupplier != null) {
return obtainFromSupplier(instanceSupplier, beanName);
}
if (mbd.getFactoryMethodName() != null) {
// 采用工厂方法实例化，配置 factory-method
return instantiateUsingFactoryMethod(beanName, mbd, args);
}
// Shortcut when re-creating the same bean...
// 如果不是第一次创建，比如第二次创建 prototype bean。
// 这种情况下，我们可以从第一次创建知道，采用无参构造函数，还是构造函数依赖注入 来完成实例化
// 这个可以通过代码来测试，多次通过getbean(name)来获取 prototype的bean
boolean resolved = false;
boolean autowireNecessary = false;
if (args == null) {
synchronized (mbd.constructorArgumentLock) {
if (mbd.resolvedConstructorOrFactoryMethod != null) {
resolved = true;
autowireNecessary = mbd.constructorArgumentsResolved;
}
}
}
if (resolved) {
if (autowireNecessary) {
//配置了自动装配属性，使用容器的自动装配实例化
//容器的自动装配是根据参数类型匹配Bean的构造方法
return autowireConstructor(beanName, mbd, null, null);
}
else {
//使用默认的无参构造方法实例化
return instantiateBean(beanName, mbd);
}
}
// 判断是否采用有参构造函数.
Constructor<?>[] ctors = determineConstructorsFromBeanPostProcessors(beanClass, beanName);
if (ctors != null ||
mbd.getResolvedAutowireMode() == RootBeanDefinition.AUTOWIRE_CONSTRUCTOR ||
mbd.hasConstructorArgumentValues() || !ObjectUtils.isEmpty(args)) {
//使用容器的自动装配特性，调用匹配的构造方法实例化
return autowireConstructor(beanName, mbd, ctors, args);
}
//使用默认的无参构造方法实例化
return instantiateBean(beanName, mbd);
}
instantiateBean：
protected BeanWrapper instantiateBean(final String beanName, final RootBeanDefinition mbd) {
try {
Object beanInstance;
final BeanFactory parent = this;
if (System.getSecurityManager() != null) {
beanInstance = AccessController.doPrivileged((PrivilegedAction<Object>) () ->
getInstantiationStrategy().instantiate(mbd, beanName, parent),
getAccessControlContext());
}
else {
//实例化
beanInstance = getInstantiationStrategy().instantiate(mbd, beanName, parent);
}
// 包装一下
BeanWrapper bw = new BeanWrapperImpl(beanInstance);
//初始化BeanWrapper
//会设置 conversionService，注册customEditors
initBeanWrapper(bw);
return bw;
}
catch (Throwable ex) {
throw new BeanCreationException(
mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName, "Instantiation of bean failed", ex);
}
}
到这里，bean的实例就算是创建完成了。
populateBean
为bean的属性进行赋值
AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory->populateBean：
protected void populateBean(String beanName, RootBeanDefinition mbd, @Nullable BeanWrapper bw) {
if (bw == null) {
if (mbd.hasPropertyValues()) {
throw new BeanCreationException(
mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName, "Cannot apply property values to null instance");
}
else {
// Skip property population phase for null instance.
return;
}
}
// Give any InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessors the opportunity to modify the
// state of the bean before properties are set. This can be used, for example,
// to support styles of field injection.
boolean continueWithPropertyPopulation = true;
if (!mbd.isSynthetic() && hasInstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessors()) {
for (BeanPostProcessor bp : getBeanPostProcessors()) {
//InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor 在实例前和实例后进行回调处理
if (bp instanceof InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor) {
InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor ibp = (InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor) bp;
//在设置属性之前调用Bean的PostProcessor后置处理器
if (!ibp.postProcessAfterInstantiation(bw.getWrappedInstance(), beanName)) {
continueWithPropertyPopulation = false;
break;
}
}
}
}
if (!continueWithPropertyPopulation) {
return;
}
// bean 实例的所有属性
PropertyValues pvs = (mbd.hasPropertyValues() ? mbd.getPropertyValues() : null);
if (mbd.getResolvedAutowireMode() == RootBeanDefinition.AUTOWIRE_BY_NAME ||
mbd.getResolvedAutowireMode() == RootBeanDefinition.AUTOWIRE_BY_TYPE) {
MutablePropertyValues newPvs = new MutablePropertyValues(pvs);
// Add property values based on autowire by name if applicable.
if (mbd.getResolvedAutowireMode() == RootBeanDefinition.AUTOWIRE_BY_NAME) {
// 通过名字找到所有属性值，如果是 bean 依赖，先初始化依赖的 bean。记录依赖关系
autowireByName(beanName, mbd, bw, newPvs);
}
// Add property values based on autowire by type if applicable.
if (mbd.getResolvedAutowireMode() == RootBeanDefinition.AUTOWIRE_BY_TYPE) {
// 通过类型装配
autowireByType(beanName, mbd, bw, newPvs);
}
pvs = newPvs;
}
//检查容器是否持有用于处理单态模式Bean关闭时的后置处理器
boolean hasInstAwareBpps = hasInstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessors();
//Bean实例对象没有依赖(此依赖是depends-on)，即没有继承基类
boolean needsDepCheck = (mbd.getDependencyCheck() != RootBeanDefinition.DEPENDENCY_CHECK_NONE);
if (hasInstAwareBpps || needsDepCheck) {
if (pvs == null) {
pvs = mbd.getPropertyValues();
}
PropertyDescriptor[] filteredPds = filterPropertyDescriptorsForDependencyCheck(bw, mbd.allowCaching);
if (hasInstAwareBpps) {
for (BeanPostProcessor bp : getBeanPostProcessors()) {
//处理特殊的BeanPostProcessor
if (bp instanceof InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor) {
InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor ibp = (InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor) bp;
//使用BeanPostProcessor处理器处理属性值
pvs = ibp.postProcessPropertyValues(pvs, filteredPds, bw.getWrappedInstance(), beanName);
if (pvs == null) {
return;
}
}
}
}
if (needsDepCheck) {
//为要设置的属性进行依赖检查
checkDependencies(beanName, mbd, filteredPds, pvs);
}
}
if (pvs != null) {
// 设置 bean 实例的属性值
applyPropertyValues(beanName, mbd, bw, pvs);
}
}
initializeBean
protected Object initializeBean(final String beanName, final Object bean, @Nullable RootBeanDefinition mbd) {
if (System.getSecurityManager() != null) {
AccessController.doPrivileged((PrivilegedAction<Object>) () -> {
invokeAwareMethods(beanName, bean);
return null;
}, getAccessControlContext());
}
else {
// 如果 bean 实现了 BeanNameAware、BeanClassLoaderAware 或 BeanFactoryAware 接口，回调
invokeAwareMethods(beanName, bean);
}
Object wrappedBean = bean;
if (mbd == null || !mbd.isSynthetic()) {
// BeanPostProcessor 的 postProcessBeforeInitialization 回调
wrappedBean = applyBeanPostProcessorsBeforeInitialization(wrappedBean, beanName);
}
try {
// 处理 bean 中定义的 init-method，
// 或者如果 bean 实现了 InitializingBean 接口，调用 afterPropertiesSet() 方法
invokeInitMethods(beanName, wrappedBean, mbd);
}
catch (Throwable ex) {
throw new BeanCreationException(
(mbd != null ? mbd.getResourceDescription() : null),
beanName, "Invocation of init method failed", ex);
}
if (mbd == null || !mbd.isSynthetic()) {
// BeanPostProcessor 的 postProcessAfterInitialization 回调
wrappedBean = applyBeanPostProcessorsAfterInitialization(wrappedBean, beanName);
}
return wrappedBean;
}
finishRefresh()
完成刷新，初始化LifecycleProcessor，发布容器初始化完成的事件
protected void finishRefresh() {
// Clear context-level resource caches (such as ASM metadata from scanning).
clearResourceCaches();
// Initialize lifecycle processor for this context.
initLifecycleProcessor();
// Propagate refresh to lifecycle processor first.
getLifecycleProcessor().onRefresh();
// Publish the final event.
publishEvent(new ContextRefreshedEvent(this));
// Participate in LiveBeansView MBean, if active.
LiveBeansView.registerApplicationContext(this);
}
至此，SpringIOC容器的初始化过程就完成了，整个过程还是非常复杂的。本文着重分析了整个逻辑过程，希望对你对IOC初始化的理解能有所帮助。
