linux 安装 mysql
# mysql-5.7.18-linux-glibc2.5安装
1.检查所使用的linux下是否有安装过mysql
rpm -qa|grep -i mysql
2.删除安装过的mysql
rpm -e mysql-5.7.13-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64 --nodeps //载时使用了--nodeps选项，忽略了依赖关系
3.创建mysql的用户组/用户, data目录及其用户目录
userdel mysql
groupdel mysql
--
mkdir -p /data/mysql/app
mkdir -p /data/mysql/data
groupadd mysql
useradd -g mysql -M mysql
chown -R mysql:mysql /data/mysql/app
4.解压安装包并将解压包里的内容拷贝到mysql的安装目录/data/mysql/app
tar -xzvf mysql-5.7.18-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz
mv mysql-5.7.18-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64/* /data/mysql/app
rm -rf mysql-5.7.18-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64
5.初始化mysql数据库
/data/mysql/app/bin/mysqld --user=mysql --basedir=/data/mysql/app --datadir=/data/mysql/data --initialize
####初始化出现错误的时候
--/data/mysql/app/bin/mysqld: error while loading shared libraries: libaio.so.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
使用命令---yum install -y libaio
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6.复制mysql服务启动脚本及加入PATH路径
sed -i '52a\export PATH=/data/mysql/app/bin:/data/mysql/app/lib:\$PATH' /etc/profile
source /etc/profile
7. 复制mysql服务启动配置文件
1. cp /data/mysql/app/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
2. chmod a+x /etc/init.d/mysqld
3. vi /etc/my.cnf
添加：
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------#
[mysqld]
datadir=/data/mysql/data
basedir =/data/mysql/app
socket=/data/mysql/app/mysql.sock
# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
symbolic-links=0
join_buffer_size = 8M
sort_buffer_size = 8M
read_rnd_buffer_size = 8M
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 16G
max_connections=2000
max_allowed_packet = 20971520
lower_case_table_names=1
tmp_table_size=1073741824
max_heap_table_size=1073741824
query_cache_size=4M
sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES
general_log=on（默认关闭，off）
gtid_mode=ON
enforce_gtid_consistency = ON
# Settings user and group are ignored when systemd is used.
# If you need to run mysqld under a different user or group,
# customize your systemd unit file for mariadb according to the
# instructions in http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Systemd
[mysqld_safe]
log-error=/var/log/mysql.log
pid-file=/var/run/mysql.pid
[client]
socket=/data/mysql/app/mysql.sock
#
# include all files from the config directory
#
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------#
8.启动mysql服务并加入开机自启动
service mysqld start
chkconfig --level 35 mysqld on
9.检查mysql服务是否启动
netstat -tulnp |grep 3306
10.修改root默认密码
mysql -u root -p
alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by '123ewQ!@#';
flush privileges;
11. 创建数据库及用户并授权 （db_name为数据库名称）
CREATE DATABASE db_name DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci;（新建test_ejob）
grant all privileges on ming_dao.* to mingdao@'%' identified by '789oiU&*';（%：任何地方都能登录，不限制IP；localhost:只能本服务器登录；10.10.40.142：）
（all privileges：所有权限；select：查询权限）grant all privileges on *.* to root@'%' WITH GRANT OPTION
（grant select,update on test_ejob.* to test_tmzl@'%' identified by '789oiU&*';）
use mysql
select host,user from mysql.user;（查询系统所有用户）
Delete FROM user Where User='carlife' and Host='%';（删除某个mysql用户：先进入use mysql，然后再删除，根据User和Host为唯一主键）
grant all privileges on carlife.* to clms@'%' identified by '789oiU&*';
==========================故障处理==========================
（输入exit退出先）
1. 忘记默认密码处理方式：
vi /etc/my.cnf
添加：skip-grant-tables
重启mysql： service mysqld restart
进入mysql：mysql -u root -p 回车，跳过密码，不用输入
mysql>update mysql.user set authentication_string=password('123$%ZAQ!') where user='root' and Host = 'localhost';
exit
vi /etc/my.cnf
删除 skip-grant-tables
重启mysql
service mysqld restart
2.mysql 8 报错 caching-sha2-password 时的处理方法
#创建用户
CREATE USER 'nfl_risk'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'nfl_risk';
#授权用户权限
grant all privileges on nfl_risk_t2.* to 'nfl_risk'@'%';
#客户端连接报错时的处理方法(在安装mysql8的时候如果选择了密码加密，之后用客户端连接比如navicate，会提示客户端连接caching-sha2-password,是由于客户端不支持这种插件，可以通过如下方式进行修改：)
ALTER USER 'nfl_risk'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'nfl_risk' PASSWORD EXPIRE NEVER;
ALTER USER 'nfl_risk'@'%' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY '{nfl_risk}';
