Ubuntu18.04 systemd开机自启
本文是该文的整理版。
Ubuntu18.04不再使用initd管理系统,改用systemd。为了像以前一样,在/etc/rc.local中设置开机启动程序,需要以下几步:
1、systemd默认读取/etc/systemd/system下的配置文件,该目录下的文件会链接/lib/systemd/system/下的文件。一般系统安装完/lib/systemd/system/下会有rc-local.service文件,即我们需要的配置文件。
创建软链接:
ln -fs /lib/systemd/system/rc-local.service /etc/systemd/system/rc-local.service
cd /etc/systemd/system/ cat rc-local.service
rc-local.service内容
# SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-2.1+
#
# This file is part of systemd.
#
# systemd is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
# under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
# the Free Software Foundation; either version 2.1 of the License, or
# (at your option) any later version.
# This unit gets pulled automatically into multi-user.target by
# systemd-rc-local-generator if /etc/rc.local is executable.
[Unit]
Description=/etc/rc.local Compatibility
Documentation=man:systemd-rc-local-generator(8)
ConditionFileIsExecutable=/etc/rc.local
After=network.target
[Service]
Type=forking
ExecStart=/etc/rc.local start
TimeoutSec=0
RemainAfterExit=yes
GuessMainPID=no
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
Alias=rc-local.service
区块解释:
[Unit]:启动顺序与依赖关系。
[Service]:启动行为,如何启动,启动类型。
[Install] :定义如何安装这个配置文件,即怎样做到开机启动。
2、创建/etc/rc.local文件,赋可执行权限
touch /etc/rc.local
chmod 755 /etc/rc.local
3、编辑/etc/rc.local,添加需要开机启动的任务
#!/bin/bash
echo "test rc " > /var/test.log
4、执行reboot重启系统,然后查看test.log
sudo reboot