SpringBoot

SpringBoot

B站:狂神说Java-->https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1PE411i7CV?p=1

微服务阶段

javase: OOP

mysql:持久化

html+css+js+jquery+框架

javaweb:可以独立开发MVC3 层架构的网站了,比较原始

ssm框架:简化了我们的开发流程,配置也开始较为复杂;

打包方式:war:tomcat运行

spring再简化--->SpringBoot,微服务架构!

打包方式:SpringBoot - jar:内嵌tomcat;

服务越来越多: springcloud;

学习路线

image-20220608121738684

1、介绍SpringBoot

什么是SpringBoot

Spring是一个开源框架,2003年兴起的一个轻量级的Java开发框架,作者: Rod Johnson。

Spring是为了解决企业级应用开发的复杂性而创建的,简化开发。

Spring是如何简化Java开发的

为了降低Java开发的复杂性,Spring采用 了以下4种关键策略:

1、基于POJO的轻量级和最小侵入性编程;

2、通过I0C,依赖注入(DI) 和面向接口实现松耦合;

3、基于切面(AOP)和惯例进行声明式编程;

4、通过切面和模版减少样式代码;

记住:约定大于配置

2、第一个SpringBoot程序

到底多么简单

  • jdk1.8
  • maven 3.6.1
  • springboot:最新版
  • IDEA

官方:提供了一个快速生成的网站!

  • 可以在官网直接下载后,导入idea开发
  • 直接使用idea创建一个springboot项目
    • 一般的开发直接在idea创建即可

官网Spring Initializr搭建一个springboot的HelloWord项目

image-20220608133306438

点击绿色运行按钮即可运行程序

image-20220608133537739

可以看到Tomcat已经打开8080端口

image-20220608133633580

到此一个完整的spring项目框架已经搭建好了。

写一个打印输出接口

必须在同级目录下建包

image-20220608134345632

HelloController类

package com.dahai.helloWord.controller;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

@RestController
public class HelloController {

    @RequestMapping("/hello")
    public String hello(){
        //调用业务,接收前端参数
        return "hello,World";
    }
}

运行后,直接访问:localhost:8080/hello

image-20220608134240175

image-20220608135451475

我们可以发现我们没有配置任何文件,这就是springboot的核心机制:自动装配

使用idea创建Springboot项目

新建项目New Project

image-20220608140403569

Next后

image-20220608140440854

待idea下载完依赖就OK了

tips

在application.properties更改项目端口号

#更改项目的端口号
server.port=8081

image-20220608140935670

这样就更改项目发布的端口号了(默认是8080)

修改springboot-banner

生成ASCII的在线地址

这就是springboot-banner(图标的样子)

image-20220608141539335

在resource目录下新建txt文本

image-20220608141918321

再次运行就OK了

image-20220608142031037

3、原理初探

自动装配:

pom.xml

  • spring-boot-dependencies:核心依赖在父程中
  • 我们在写或者引入一些SPringboot依赖的时候,不需要指定版本,就因为有这些版本仓库

启动器

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
  • 启动器:说白了就是Springboot的启动场景;
  • 比如spring- bdot-starter-web,他就会帮我们自动导入web环境所有的依赖!
  • springboot会将所有的功能场景,都变成一个个的启动器
  • 我们要使用什么功能,就只需要找到对应的启动器就可以了

主程序

package com.dahai;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;

//@SpringBootApplication :标注这个类是一个springboot的应用
@SpringBootApplication
public class Springboot01HelloworldApplication {

    //将springboot应用启动
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(Springboot01HelloworldApplication.class, args);
    }

}
  • 注解

    • @SpringBootConfiguration:springboot的配置

        @Documented:spring配置类

        @Configuration:说明这也是一个spring的组件

    • @EnableAutoConfiguration:自动配置

        @AutoConfigurationPackage:自动配置包

          @Import({Registrar.class}):导入选择器,包注册

(待完善)

4、SpringBoot配置

配置文件

SpringBoot使用一个全局的配置文件,配置文件名称是固定的

  • application.properties

    • 语法结构: key=value

      server.port=8081
      
  • application.yml

    • 语法结构: key:空格value

      server:
      	port: 8081
      

配置文件的作用:修改SpringBoot自动配置的默认值,因为SpringBoot在底层都给我们自动配置好了;

yaml概述

YAML是 "YAML Ain't a Markup Language" (YAML不是一种标记语言)的递归缩写。在开发的这种语言时,YAML 的意思其实是:"Yet Another Markup Language"(仍是一种标记语言)

这种语言以数据作为中心,而不是以标记语言为重点!

标记语言

以前的配置文件,大多数都是使用xml来配置;比如一个简单的端口配置,我们来对比下yaml和xml

传统xml配置:

<server>
    <port>8081<port>
</server>

yaml配置:

server:
  prot: 8080

yaml基础语法

说明:语法要求严格!

1、空格不能省略

2、以缩进来控制层级关系,只要是左边对齐的一列数据都是同一个层级的。

3、属性和值的大小写都是十分敏感的。

字面量:普通的值 [ 数字,布尔值,字符串 ]

字面量直接写在后面就可以 , 字符串默认不用加上双引号或者单引号;

k: v

image-20220608201709205

注意:

  • “ ” 双引号,不会转义字符串里面的特殊字符 , 特殊字符会作为本身想表示的意思;

    比如 :name: "kuang \n shen" 输出 :kuang 换行 shen

  • '' 单引号,会转义特殊字符 , 特殊字符最终会变成和普通字符一样输出

    比如 :name: ‘kuang \n shen’ 输出 :kuang \n shen

注解方式给实体类赋值

用以前的spring注解方式给实体类赋值

package com.dahai.pojo;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

//把下面的内容添加到spring的组件中
@Component
public class Dog {
    @Value("旺财")
    private String name;
    @Value("3")
    private Integer age;
	...无参
    ...有参
    ...get
    ...set
    ...toString
}

用Springboot专门的测试类测试

package com.dahai;

import com.dahai.pojo.Dog;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;

@SpringBootTest
class Springboot02ConfigApplicationTests {

    @Autowired
    private Dog dog;

    @Test
    void contextLoads() {
        System.out.println(dog);
    }

}

运行结果

image-20220608203539863

yaml可以直接给实体类赋值

image-20220608204558789

爆红导入这个依赖

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-configuration-processor</artifactId>
    <optional>true</optional>
</dependency>

Person类

package com.dahai.pojo;

import java.util.Date;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
@Component
//加上下面这行就可以和application.yaml的person连接起来了
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "person")
public class Person {
    private String name;
    private Integer age;
    private Boolean happy;
    private Date birth;
    private Map<String,Object> maps;
    private List<Object> lists;
    private Dog dog;
	...无参
    ...有参
    ...get
    ...set
    ...toString
}

application.yaml

person:
  name: dahai
  age: 3
  happy: true
  birth: 2000/01/01
  maps: {k1: v1,k2: v2}
  lists:
    - code
    - girl
    - music
  dog:
    name: 旺财
    age: 3

测试类

package com.dahai;

import com.dahai.pojo.Dog;
import com.dahai.pojo.Person;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;

@SpringBootTest
class Springboot02ConfigApplicationTests {

    @Autowired
    private Person person;

    @Test
    void contextLoads() {
        System.out.println(person);
    }
}

运行结果

image-20220608205549127

properties给实体类赋值

application.properties给实体类赋值

检查File Encodings

image-20220608212731266

application.properties

name=dahai

Person类

package com.dahai.pojo;

import java.util.Date;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
@Component
//加载指定的配置文件
@PropertySource(value = "classpath:application.properties")
public class Person {
    //通过SPEL表达式取出配置文件的值
    @Value("${name}")
    private String name;
    private Integer age;
    private Boolean happy;
    private Date birth;
    private Map<String,Object> maps;
    private List<Object> lists;
    private Dog dog;
	...无参
    ...有参
    ...get
    ...set
    ...toString
}

测试类

package com.dahai;

import com.dahai.pojo.Dog;
import com.dahai.pojo.Person;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;

@SpringBootTest
class Springboot02ConfigApplicationTests {

    @Autowired
    private Person person;

    @Test
    void contextLoads() {
        System.out.println(person);
    }
}

运行结果

image-20220608211358276

总之:还是推荐使用yaml给实体类赋值

松散绑定

image-20220608214125771

运行结果

image-20220608213955088

JSR303校验

数据校验要导入下面这个包

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-validation</artifactId>
</dependency>

image-20220608220032759

运行之后,爆红

image-20220608215913145

将email填写为正确的邮箱格式后

message表示如果邮箱输入格式不正确后,打印的一句话。

image-20220608220305680

运行之后,正确输出toString

image-20220608220339651

JSR-303数据校验参考博客:https://blog.csdn.net/qq_42681138/article/details/122731958

多环境切换

application.yaml优先级

image-20220608221936384

官方文档:

image-20220608222128446

说明可以配置多套环境,那么怎么切换环境呢?下面开始解决多环境如何切换问题

application.yaml

配置多套环境

server:
	port: 8081
# 使用dev环境
spring:
	profiles:
		active: dev

# 用---(三个-)分隔环境
---
server:
	port: 8082
# dev环境
spring:
	profiles: dev

---
server:
	port: 8083
# test环境
spring:
	profiles: test

自动配置原理再理解

(待完善...)

5、SpringBoot Web开发

jar:webapp !

自动装配

springboot到底帮我们配置了什么?我们能不能进行修改?能修改哪些东西?能不能扩展?

  • xxxxAutoConfiguraion..向容器中自动配置组件
  • xxxxProperties:自动配置类, 装配配置文件中自定义的一些内容!

要解决的问题:

  • 导入静态资源...
  • 首页
  • jsp,模板引擎Thymeleaf
  • 装配扩展SpringMVC
  • 增删改查
  • 拦截器
  • 国际化!

1、导入静态资源

maven的方式引入jQuery(静态资源)

image-20220609113912670

resourse目录下的包引入静态资源

image-20220609113824906

总结:
1、在springboot,我们可以使用以下方式处理静态资源

  • webjars     localhost:8080/webjars/
  • public, static, /**, resources    localhost:8080/

2、优先级: resources>static(默认)>public

2、定制首页(index.html)

image-20220609115151518

index.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>index.html</title>
</head>
<body>

<h1>首页</h1>

</body>
</html>

运行结果

image-20220609115055369

3、thymeleat模板引擎

前端交给我们的页面,是html页面。如果是我们以前开发,我们需要把他们转成jsp页面,jsp好处就是当我们查出一些数据转发到JSP页面以后,我们可以用jsp轻松实现数据的显示,及交互等。

jsp支持非常强大的功能,包括能写Java代码,但是呢,我们现在的这种情况,SpringBoot这个项目首先是以jar的方式,不是war,像第二,我们用的还是嵌入式的Tomcat,所以呢,他现在默认是不支持jsp的

那不支持jsp,如果我们直接用纯静态页面的方式,那给我们开发会带来非常大的麻烦,那怎么办呢?

SpringBoot推荐你可以来使用模板引擎:

模板引擎,我们其实大家听到很多,其实jsp就是一个模板引擎,还有用的比较多的freemarker,包括SpringBoot给我们推荐的Thymeleaf,模板引擎有非常多,但再多的模板引擎,他们的思想都是一样的。

3.1、引入thymeleat模板引擎

1、Thymeleaf 官网: https://www.thymeleaf.org/
2、Thymeleaf 在Github的主页: https://github.com/thymeleaf/thymeleaf
3、Spring官方文档: "https://docs.spring.io/spring-boot/docs/2.1.6.RELEASE/reference/htmlsingle/#using-boot-starter",找到我们对应的版本

pom.xml

<!--thymeleaf模板-->
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.thymeleaf</groupId>
    <artifactId>thymeleaf-spring5</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.thymeleaf.extras</groupId>
    <artifactId>thymeleaf-extras-java8time</artifactId>
</dependency>

3.2、访问templates包下的html文件

注意:templates包下的html文件只能通过controller层去跳转访问

image-20220609125141298

test.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>test页面</h1>
</body>
</html>

TestController类

package com.dahai.controller;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

//在templates目录下的所有页面,只能通过controller来跳转!
//这个需要模板引/整的支持!
@Controller
public class TestController {
    @RequestMapping("/test")
    public String index(){
        return "test";
    }
}

运行结果

image-20220609124941908

结论:只要需要使用thymeleaf,只需要导入对应的依赖就可以了!我们将html放在我们的templates目录下即可

​ 使用thymeleaf接管htmL元素

头文件

<html xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">

TestController类

package com.dahai.controller;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

//在templates目录下的所有页面,只能通过controller来跳转!
//这个需要模板引/整的支持!
@Controller
public class TestController {
    @RequestMapping("/test")
    public String test(Model model){
        model.addAttribute("msg","hello,springboot");
        return "test";
    }
}

test.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>

<!--所有的htmL元素都可以被thymeleaf替换接管: th: 元素名-->

<div th:text="${msg}"></div>
</body>
</html>

运行结果

image-20220609131301483

3.3、thymeleaf语法

例子:

package com.dahai.controller;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

//在templates目录下的所有页面,只能通过controller来跳转!
//这个需要模板引/整的支持!
@Controller
public class IndexController {
    @RequestMapping("/test")
    public String test(Model model){
        model.addAttribute("msg","<h1>hello,springboot</h1>");
        return "test";
    }
}
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>

<!--所有的htmL元素都可以被thymeleaf替换接管: th: 元素名-->
<div th:text="${msg}"></div>
<!--不被转义-->
<div th:utext="${msg}"></div>
</body>
</html>

运行结果

image-20220609133526771

IndexController类

package com.dahai.controller;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Arrays;

//在templates目录下的所有页面,只能通过controller来跳转!
//这个需要模板引/整的支持!
@Controller
public class IndexController {
    @RequestMapping("/test")
    public String test(Model model){
        model.addAttribute("msg","<h1>hello,springboot</h1>");
        //存一个集合
        model.addAttribute("users", Arrays.asList("Mike","Lisa"));
        return "test";
    }
}

index.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>

<!--所有的htmL元素都可以被thymeleaf替换接管: th: 元素名-->
<div th:text="${msg}"></div>
<!--不被转义-->
<div th:utext="${msg}"></div>

<hr>
<!--遍历list集合-->
<h3 th:each="user:${users}" th:text="${user}"></h3>
</body>
</html>

运行结果

image-20220609134109852

3.4、MVC配置原理

自定义视图解析器

package com.dahai.config;


import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.View;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ViewResolver;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.WebMvcConfigurer;

import java.util.Locale;

//扩展 springMvc
@Configuration
public class MyMvcConfig implements WebMvcConfigurer {

    //ViewResolver实现了视图解析器接口的类,我们就可以把它看做视图解析器
    @Bean
    public ViewResolver myViewResolver(){
        return new MyViewResolver();
    }

    //自定义了一个自的视图解析MyViewResolver
    public static class MyViewResolver implements ViewResolver {

        @Override
        public View resolveViewName(String viewName, Locale locale) throws Exception {
            return null;
        }
    }

}

视图跳转

package com.dahai.config;


import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.ViewControllerRegistry;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.WebMvcConfigurer;

//如果我们要去扩展springmvc, 官方建议我们这样去做!
@Configuration
//@EnableWebMvc //这玩意就是入了一个类: DelegatingWebMvcConfiguration: 从容器中获取所有的webmvcconfig;
public class MyMvcConfig implements WebMvcConfigurer {
    //视图跳转
    @Override
    public void addViewControllers(ViewControllerRegistry registry) {
        registry.addViewController("/mike").setViewName("/test");
    }
}

访问localhost://8080/mike----(跳转到)---->localhost://8080/test

6、员工管理系统

6.1、准备工作

导入静态资源

image-20220609194230409

编写实体类

部门

package com.dahai.pojo;

import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;

//部门表
@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
public class Department {
    private Integer id;
    private String departmentName;
}

员工

package com.dahai.pojo;

import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.util.Date;

//员工表
@Data
@NoArgsConstructor
public class Employee {

    private Integer id;
    private String lastName;
    private String email;
    private Integer gender; //0:女    1:男
    private Department department;
    private Date birth;

    public Employee(Integer id, String lastName, String email, Integer gender, Department department) {
        this.id = id;
        this.lastName = lastName;
        this.email = email;
        this.gender = gender;
        this.department = department;
        //默认的创建日期!
        this.birth = new Date();
    }
}

编写dao层

部门dao

package com.dahai.dao;

import com.dahai.pojo.Department;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;

import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

//部门dao
@Repository
public class DepartmentDao {
    //模拟数据库的数据
    private  static Map<Integer, Department> departments = null;
    static {
        departments = new HashMap<Integer, Department>();   //创建一个部门表

        departments.put(101,new Department(101,"教学部"));
        departments.put(102,new Department(102,"市场部"));
        departments.put(103,new Department(103,"教研部"));
        departments.put(104,new Department(104,"运营部"));
        departments.put(105,new Department(105,"后勤部"));
    }

    //获得所有部门信息
    public Collection<Department> getDepartments(){
        return departments.values();
    }

    //通过id得到部门
    public Department getDepartmentById(Integer id){
        return departments.get(id);
    }
}

员工dao

package com.dahai.dao;

import com.dahai.pojo.Department;
import com.dahai.pojo.Employee;
import org.apache.coyote.OutputBuffer;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;

import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

//员工dao
@Repository
public class EmployeeDao {
    //模拟数据库的数据
    private  static Map<Integer, Employee> employees = null;
    //员工有所属的部门
    @Autowired
    private DepartmentDao departmentDao;

    static {
        employees = new HashMap<Integer, Employee>();   //创建一个部门表

        employees.put(1001,new Employee(1001,"AA","10086@163.com",1,new Department(101,"教学部")));
        employees.put(1002,new Employee(1002,"BB","10087@163.com",0,new Department(102,"市场部")));
        employees.put(1003,new Employee(1003,"CC","10088@163.com",1,new Department(103,"教研部")));
        employees.put(1004,new Employee(1004,"DD","10089@163.com",0,new Department(104,"运营部")));
        employees.put(1005,new Employee(1005,"EE","10090@163.com",1,new Department(105,"后勤部")));
    }

    //主键自增
    private static Integer ininId = 1006;

    //增加一个员工
    public void addEmployee(Employee employee){
        if (employee.getId()==null){
            employee.setId(ininId++);
        }
        employee.setDepartment(departmentDao.getDepartmentById(employee.getDepartment().getId()));
        employees.put(employee.getId(),employee);
    }

    //查询全部员工
    public Collection<Employee> getAllEmployee(){
        return employees.values();
    }

    //通过id查询员工
    public Employee getEmployeeById(Integer id){
        return employees.get(id);
    }

    //通过id删除员工
    public void deleteEmployee(Integer id){
        employees.remove(id);
    }
}

6.2、首页控制

编写config层

自定义视图解析器进行页面跳转

package com.dahai.config;


import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.ViewControllerRegistry;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.WebMvcConfigurer;

@Configuration
public class MyMvcConfig implements WebMvcConfigurer {

    @Override
    public void addViewControllers(ViewControllerRegistry registry) {
        registry.addViewController("/").setViewName("index");
        registry.addViewController("/index.html").setViewName("index");
    }
}

因为引入了thymeleaf,所以要把thymeleaf的头文件加上去

<html xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">

然后把引入静态资源的地址修改成thymeleaf的语法格式

image-20220609200716920

然后关闭模板引擎的缓存(防止thymeleaf没有生效)

# 关闭模板引擎的缓存
spring.thymeleaf.cache=false

image-20220609200822948

运行结果

image-20220609200631157

然后继续修改404.html

image-20220609201231777

修改dashboard.html

image-20220609201436316

修改list.html

image-20220609201620613

6.3、国际化

检查字符编码properties

检查自己的File Encodings字符编码是否为UTF-8

image-20220609202548709

中英文语言切换实现步骤

resources目录下新建一个包(i18n)

image-20220609202840532

在i18n目录下新建两个properties

  • login.properties
  • login_zh_CN.properties

image-20220609203116801

然后右键

image-20220609203338458

点击OK

image-20220609203510164

点击OK

image-20220609203529130

发现多了一个en_US的配置文件

image-20220609203618597

idea的可视化界面。则需要安装一个Resource Bundle Editor的插件。

image-20220609204117687

用可视化编辑

image-20220609204245061

配置完毕

image-20220609204959794

在application.properties绑定配置文件

image-20220609205445663

继续修改thymeleaf语法

image-20220609211259065

运行后变成中文

image-20220609210936267

给a链接添加地址

image-20220609220558682

在config包下新建一个国际化解析器的类

自己写一个国际化解析器类

package com.dahai.config;

import org.springframework.util.StringUtils;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.LocaleResolver;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.util.Locale;

public class MyLocaleResolver implements LocaleResolver {

    //解析请求
    @Override
    public Locale resolveLocale(HttpServletRequest request) {

        String language = request.getParameter("l");
        Locale locale = Locale.getDefault(); // 如果没有获取到就使用系统默认的
        //如果请求链接不为空
//        if (!StringUtils.isEmpty(language)){
        if (StringUtils.hasLength(language)){
            //分割请求参数
            String[] split = language.split("_");
            //国家,地区
            locale = new Locale(split[0],split[1]);
        }
        return locale;
    }

    @Override
    public void setLocale(HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest, HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse, Locale locale) {

    }
}

将MyLocaleResolver(国际化解析器)放在Bean里面

package com.dahai.config;


import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.LocaleResolver;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.ViewControllerRegistry;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.WebMvcConfigurer;

@Configuration
public class MyMvcConfig implements WebMvcConfigurer {

    @Override
    public void addViewControllers(ViewControllerRegistry registry) {
        registry.addViewController("/").setViewName("index");
        registry.addViewController("/index.html").setViewName("index");
        registry.addViewController("/main.html").setViewName("dashboard");
    }

    //自定义的国际化组件就生效了
    @Bean
    public LocaleResolver localeResolver(){
        return new MyLocaleResolver();
    }
}

这样中英文就可以互相切换了

总结·

image-20220609221537859

6.4、登录功能实现

编写controller层的登录控制类

LoginController(登录控制)

package com.dahai.controller;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.util.StringUtils;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;

@Controller
public class LoginController {

    @RequestMapping("/user/login")
    public String login(@RequestParam("username") String username,
                        @RequestParam("password") String password,
                        Model model){
        //具体的业务
        if(StringUtils.hasLength(username)&&"123456".equals(password)){
            return "redirect:/main.html";
        }else {
            //告诉用户你登录失败了
            model.addAttribute("msg","用户名或者密码错误!");
            return "index";
        }
    }
}

index.html

image-20220610190918580

登录拦截器

用户必须输入账号密码才能进入main.html,不允许在地址栏输入http://localhost:8080/main.html直接进入主界面,这就需要用拦截器进行拦截操作

image-20220610191949374

解决的办法就是在session里面存登录的用户,session里面有这个用户才让你进入main.html

自定义一个拦截器

package com.dahai.config;

import org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerInterceptor;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

//自定义一个拦截器
public class LoginHandlerInterceptor implements HandlerInterceptor {
    @Override
    public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler) throws Exception {

        //登陆成功之后,应该有用户的session;
        Object loginUser = request.getSession().getAttribute("loginUser");

        if (loginUser==null){
            request.setAttribute("msg","没有权限,请先登录");
            request.getRequestDispatcher("/index.html").forward(request,response);
            return false;
        }else {
            return true;
        }
    }
}

在视图解析器里面配置

package com.dahai.config;


import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.LocaleResolver;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.InterceptorRegistry;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.ViewControllerRegistry;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.WebMvcConfigurer;

@Configuration
public class MyMvcConfig implements WebMvcConfigurer {

    @Override
    public void addViewControllers(ViewControllerRegistry registry) {
        registry.addViewController("/").setViewName("index");
        registry.addViewController("/index.html").setViewName("index");
        registry.addViewController("/main.html").setViewName("dashboard");
    }

    //自定义的国际化组件就生效了
    @Bean
    public LocaleResolver localeResolver(){
        return new MyLocaleResolver();
    }

    //配置拦截器
    //addPathPatterns("/**")拦截所有请求
    //excludePathPatterns("/index.html","/"......)除了这些请求不拦截
    @Override
    public void addInterceptors(InterceptorRegistry registry) {
        registry.addInterceptor(new LoginHandlerInterceptor())
                .addPathPatterns("/**")
                .excludePathPatterns("/index.html","/","/user/login","/css/**","/js/**","/img/**");
    }
}

6.5、员工列表展示

提取公共页面

新建一个commons.html,用来存放公共页部分

image-20220610205436975

<!--提取公共部分-->
th:fragment="自定义名字"

image-20220610205637738

<!--插入公共部分-->
<div th:replace="~{哪个页面(不用写.html)::提取的自定义的名字}"></div>
<!--(active='main.html')表示传入一个参数,后面三元运算符判断用的-->

image-20220610205926427

image-20220610210405637

image-20220610210542517

修改list.html页面

<!--插入相同的顶部栏th:insert="~{从哪个页面抽取的::抽取的那个侧边栏的名字}"-->
<div th:replace="~{commons/commons::topbar}"></div>
<div class="container-fluid">
    <div class="row">
        <!--插入相同的侧边栏th:insert="~{从哪个页面抽取的::抽取的那个侧边栏的名字}"-->
        <div th:replace="~{commons/commons::sidebar(active='list.html')}"></div>
        <main role="main" class="col-md-9 ml-sm-auto col-lg-10 pt-3 px-4">
            <h2>员工列表</h2>
            <div class="table-responsive">
                <table class="table table-striped table-sm">
                    <thead>
                        <tr>
                            <th>员工ID</th>
                            <th>名字</th>
                            <th>邮箱</th>
                            <th>性别</th>
                            <th>部门</th>
                            <th>出生日期</th>
                            <th>操作</th>
                        </tr>
                    </thead>
                    <tbody>
                        <tr th:each="emp:${emps}">
                            <td th:text="${emp.getId()}"></td>
                            <!--也可以像下面这样写-->
                            <td>[[${emp.getLastName()}]]</td>
                            <td th:text="${emp.getEmail()}"></td>
                            <td th:text="${emp.getGender()==0?'女':'男'}"></td>
                            <td th:text="${emp.getDepartment.getDepartmentName()}"></td>
                            <!--                           <td th:text="${#dates.format(emp.getBirth(),'yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss')}"></td>-->
                            <td th:text="${#dates.format(emp.getBirth(),'yyyy-MM-dd')}"></td>
                            <td>
                                <button class="btn btn-sm btn-primary">编辑</button>
                                <button class="btn btn-sm btn-danger">删除</button>
                            </td>
                        </tr>
                    </tbody>
                </table>
            </div>
        </main>
    </div>
</div>

查看结果

image-20220610214509308

6.6.添加员工

进入员工管理界面

<a th:class="${active=='list.html'?'nav-link active':'nav-link'}" th:href="@{/emps}">
    <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="feather feather-users">
        <path d="M17 21v-2a4 4 0 0 0-4-4H5a4 4 0 0 0-4 4v2"></path>
        <circle cx="9" cy="7" r="4"></circle>
        <path d="M23 21v-2a4 4 0 0 0-3-3.87"></path>
        <path d="M16 3.13a4 4 0 0 1 0 7.75"></path>
    </svg>
    员工管理
</a>

image-20220611142233851

查询所有员工信息并展示到前端

//查询全部员工
@RequestMapping("/emps")
public String list(Model model){
    Collection<Employee> employees = employeeDao.getAllEmployee();
    model.addAttribute("emps",employees);
    return "emp/list";
}

image-20220611142326712

点击添加员工链接

<h2>员工列表<a style="margin-left: 50px" class="btn btn-sm btn-success" th:href="@{/emp}">添加员工</a></h2>
               <div class="table-responsive">
                  <table class="table table-striped table-sm">
                     <thead>
                        <tr>
                           <th>员工ID</th>
                           <th>名字</th>
                           <th>邮箱</th>
                           <th>性别</th>
                           <th>部门</th>
                           <th>出生日期</th>
                           <th>操作</th>
                        </tr>
                     </thead>
                     <tbody>
                        <tr th:each="emp:${emps}">
                           <td th:text="${emp.getId()}"></td>
                           <!--也可以像下面这样写-->
                           <td>[[${emp.getLastName()}]]</td>
                           <td th:text="${emp.getEmail()}"></td>
                           <td th:text="${emp.getGender()==0?'女':'男'}"></td>
                           <td th:text="${emp.getDepartment.getDepartmentName()}"></td>
<!--                           <td th:text="${#dates.format(emp.getBirth(),'yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss')}"></td>-->
                           <td th:text="${#dates.format(emp.getBirth(),'yyyy-MM-dd')}"></td>
                           <td>
                              <button class="btn btn-sm btn-primary">编辑</button>
                              <button class="btn btn-sm btn-danger">删除</button>
                           </td>
                        </tr>
                     </tbody>
                  </table>
               </div>

image-20220611142510403

//添加员工
//这里是进入添加员工页面请求,没有提交表单
@GetMapping("/emp")
public String toAddpage(Model model){
    //查出所有部门的信息
    Collection<Department> departments = departmentDao.getDepartments();
    model.addAttribute("departments",departments);
    return "emp/add";
}

image-20220611142619565

<h2 style="text-align: center">添加员工</h2>
<form th:action="@{/emp}" method="post">
   <div class="form-group">
      <label>名字</label>
      <input type="text" name="lastName" class="form-control" placeholder="员工名字">
   </div>
   <div class="form-group">
      <label>邮箱</label>
      <input type="email" name="email" class="form-control" placeholder="邮箱">
   </div>
   <div class="form-group">
      <label>性别</label><br>
      <div class="form-check form-check-inline">
         <input class="form-check-input" type="radio" name="gender" value="1">
         <label class="form-check-label">男</label>
      </div>
      <div class="form-check form-check-inline">
         <input class="form-check-input" type="radio" name="gender" value="0">
         <label class="form-check-label">女</label>
      </div>
   </div>
   <div class="form-group">
      <label>部门</label>
      <!--我们在controller接收的是一个Employee, 所以我们需要提交的是其中的一个属性!-->
      <select class="form-control" name="department.id">
         <option th:each="dept:${departments}" th:text="${dept.getDepartmentName()}" th:value="${dept.getId()}"></option>
      </select>
   </div>
   <div class="form-group">
      <label>出生日期</label>
      <input type="text" name="birth" class="form-control" placeholder="出生日期">
   </div>
   <button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">添加</button>
</form>

image-20220611142713249

提交表单

//这里是提交表单请求
@PostMapping("/emp")
public String addEmp(Employee employee){
    System.out.println("save=>"+employee);
    employeeDao.saveEmployee(employee);//调用底层业务方法保存员工信息
    System.out.println("添加成功");
    return "redirect:/emps";
}

image-20220611142848913

测试运行结果

image-20220611142008038

添加提交后会重定向到list.html列表

image-20220611142028099

6.7、修改员工信息

进入编辑员工信息页面

image-20220611195955297

<a class="btn btn-sm btn-primary" th:href="@{'/toUpdatePage/'+${emp.getId()}}">编辑</a>

去修改员工页面的请求

image-20220611200117636

//去员工的修改页面的请求
@GetMapping("/toUpdatePage/{id}")
public String toUpdatePage(@PathVariable("id")Integer id,Model model){
    //查出原来的数据,并且显示到前端
    Employee employee = employeeDao.getEmployeeById(id);
    model.addAttribute("emp",employee);
    //查出所有部门的信息
    Collection<Department> departments = departmentDao.getDepartments();
    model.addAttribute("departments",departments);
    return "emp/update";
}

提交修改员工信息表单

image-20220611200331093

<h2 style="text-align: center">修改员工信息</h2>
<form th:action="@{/updateEmp}" method="post">
   <input type="hidden" name="id" th:value="${emp.getId()}">
   <div class="form-group">
      <label>名字</label>
      <input th:value="${emp.getLastName()}" type="text" name="lastName" class="form-control" placeholder="员工名字">
   </div>
   <div class="form-group">
      <label>邮箱</label>
      <input th:value="${emp.getEmail()}" type="email" name="email" class="form-control" placeholder="邮箱">
   </div>
   <div class="form-group">
      <label>性别</label><br>
      <div class="form-check form-check-inline">
         <input th:checked="${emp.getGender()==1}" class="form-check-input" type="radio" name="gender" value="1">
         <label class="form-check-label">男</label>
      </div>
      <div class="form-check form-check-inline">
         <input th:checked="${emp.getGender()==0}" class="form-check-input" type="radio" name="gender" value="0">
         <label class="form-check-label">女</label>
      </div>
   </div>
   <div class="form-group">
      <label>部门</label>
      <!--我们在controller接收的是一个Employee, 所以我们需要提交的是其中的一个属性!-->
      <select class="form-control" name="department.id">
         <option th:selected="${emp.getDepartment().getId()==dept.getId()}" th:each="dept:${departments}" th:text="${dept.getDepartmentName()}"
               th:value="${dept.getId()}"></option>
      </select>
   </div>
   <div class="form-group">
      <label>出生日期</label>
      <input th:value="${#dates.format(emp.getBirth(),'yyyy-MM-dd')}" type="text" name="birth" class="form-control" placeholder="出生日期">
   </div>
   <button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">修改</button>
</form>

提交员工信息表单请求

image-20220611200604938

//这里是提交修改员工信息的表单请求
@PostMapping("/updateEmp")
public String updateEmp(Employee employee){
    employeeDao.saveEmployee(employee);
    System.out.println("修改后的员工信息");
    System.out.println(employee);
    return "redirect:/emps";
}

修改前

image-20220611195715978

选择修改名字叫“EE”的员工信息

image-20220611195533660

提交修改后

image-20220611195623255

6.8、删除员工及404

进入删除员工的请求

image-20220611202845276

<a class="btn btn-sm btn-danger" th:href="@{'/deleteEmp/'+${emp.getId()}}">删除</a>

提交删除请求

image-20220611203007684

//这里是删除员工信息的请求
@GetMapping("/deleteEmp/{id}")
public String deleteEmp(@PathVariable("id")Integer id){
    employeeDao.deleteEmployeeById(id);
    return "redirect:/emps";
}

到此增删改查搞定

404

image-20220611210601246

6.9、登录用户注销功能

image-20220611221051802

<ul class="navbar-nav px-3">
    <li class="nav-item text-nowrap">
        <a class="nav-link" th:href="@{/user/logout}">注销</a>
    </li>
</ul>

controller层编写从session中移除用户

image-20220611214248578

image-20220611214046748

7、前端

前端模板:别人写好的,我们拿来改成自己需要的

  • bootstrap后台模板
  • 模板之家
  • X-admin

前端框架:组件,自己手动组合拼接!

  • Bootstrap,Layui,stemantic-ui
  • element ui,Mint UI,WeUI
  • iView UI,vant UI,Flutter

ElementUI

layui

8、整合JDBC

yaml配置jdbc数据源

spring:
  datasource:
    username: root
    password: 123456
    # jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mybatis?useSSL=true&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8
    # 假如报时区问题是因为安装MySQL的时候没有在my.ini里面设置时区
    url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mybatis?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8
    driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver

image-20220612121719217

JDBCController类

package com.dahai.controller;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

@RestController
public class JDBCController {

    @Autowired
    JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate;

    //查询数据库所有的数据并且显示到前端
    //没有实体类,数据库中的东西,怎么获取? Map
    @GetMapping("/userList")
    public List<Map<String,Object>> userList(){
        String sql = "select * from user";
        List<Map<String, Object>> list_maps = jdbcTemplate.queryForList(sql);
        return list_maps;
    }

    //添加用户
    @GetMapping("/addUser")
    public String addUser(){
        String sql = "insert into user(id,name,pwd) values (8,'小明','123456')";
        jdbcTemplate.update(sql);
        return "addUser-ok";
    }

    //修改用户
    @GetMapping("/updateUser/{id}")
    public String updateUser(@PathVariable("id") int id){
        String sql = "update user set name=?,pwd=? where id="+id;
        //封装
        Object[] objects = new Object[2];
        objects[0] = "小明2";
        objects[1] = "123";
        jdbcTemplate.update(sql,objects);
        return "updateUser-ok";
    }

    //删除用户
    @GetMapping("/deleteUser/{id}")
    public String deleteUser(@PathVariable("id")int id){
        String sql = "delete from user where id = ?";
        jdbcTemplate.update(sql,id);
        return "deleteUser-ok";
    }
}

9、DruidDataSource数据源

  • Spring Boot 2.0以上默认使用Hikari 数据源,可以说Hikari 与Driud都是当前Java Web上最优秀的数据源,我们来重点介绍Spring Boot如何集成Druid数据源,如何实现数据库监控。

  • HikariDataSource号称Java WEB当前速度最快的数据源,相比于传统的C3PO、DBCP、 Tomcat,jdbc等连接池更加优秀;

Druid后台登录配置

package com.dahai.config;

import com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource;
import com.alibaba.druid.support.http.StatViewServlet;
import com.alibaba.druid.support.http.WebStatFilter;
import org.apache.catalina.filters.WebdavFixFilter;
import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;
import org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.FilterRegistrationBean;
import org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.ServletRegistrationBean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;


import javax.sql.DataSource;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

@Configuration
public class DruidConfig {

    @ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.datasource")
    @Bean
    public DataSource druidDataSource(){
        return new DruidDataSource();
    }

    //后台监控:web.xml  注册ServletRegistrationBean,用@Bean解决
    //因为SpringBoot 内置了servlet容器, 所以没有web.xmL ,替代方法: ServletRegistrationBean
    @Bean
    public ServletRegistrationBean statViewServlet(){
        ServletRegistrationBean<StatViewServlet> bean = new ServletRegistrationBean<>(new StatViewServlet(), "/druid/*");

        //后台需要有人登陆,账号密码配置
        HashMap<String, String> initParameters = new HashMap<>();

        //增加配置
        //initParameters.put("key","value");
        initParameters.put("loginUsername","admin");//注意这里的参数名字loginUsername是只能这样写,不能写成别的
        initParameters.put("loginPassword","123");//loginPassword同上

        //允许谁可以访问
        initParameters.put("allow","");//如果这里的value为空,表示所有人可以访问,一般value设置为空就可以了
        //initParameters.put("allow","localhost");//这里的value为localhost,表示只有本机可以访问

        //禁止谁可以访问
        //initParameters.put("dahai","192.168.11.123");//表示禁止192.168.11.123这个ip地址访问

        bean.setInitParameters(initParameters);//设置初始化参数
        return bean;
    }
    //springboot注册一个filter(过滤器)
    @Bean
    public FilterRegistrationBean webStatFilter(){
        FilterRegistrationBean bean = new FilterRegistrationBean();
        bean.setFilter(new WebStatFilter());
        //可以过滤哪些请求呢?
        Map<String,String> initParameters = new HashMap<>();
        //这些东西不进行统计~
        initParameters.put("exclusions","*.js,*.css,/druid/*");
        bean.setInitParameters(initParameters);
        return bean;
    }
}

运行

image-20220612131517635

输入账号和密码

image-20220612131555418

在另一个页面去访问http://localhost:8080/userList

image-20220612131648669

可以在后台的SQL监控页面看到刚刚执行的sql语句

image-20220612131757748

配置log4j的tips

因为Druid是支持log4j的

image-20220612133643328

如果出现下面这样,是因为没有在resource下面配置log4j.properties

image-20220612132458671

  • 这个问题可选择忽略,也可以选择解决,下面是解决方案

image-20220612132633602

log4j.properties

#将等级为DEBUG的日志信息输出到console和file这两个目的地,console和file的定义在下面的代码
log4j.rootLogger=DEBUG,console,file

#控制台输出的相关设置
log4j.appender.console = org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
log4j.appender.console.Target = System.out
log4j.appender.console.Threshold=DEBUG
log4j.appender.console.layout = org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.console.layout.ConversionPattern=[%c]-%m%n

#文件输出的相关设置
log4j.appender.file = org.apache.log4j.RollingFileAppender
log4j.appender.file.File=./log/logFile.log
log4j.appender.file.MaxFileSize=10mb
log4j.appender.file.Threshold=DEBUG
log4j.appender.file.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.file.layout.ConversionPattern=[%p][%d{yy-MM-dd}][%c]%m%n

#日志输出级别
log4j.logger.org.mybatis=DEBUG
log4j.logger.java.sql=DEBUG
log4j.logger.java.sql.Statement=DEBUG
log4j.logger.java.sql.ResultSet=DEBUG
log4j.logger.java.sql.PreparedStatement=DEBUG

再次运行发现没有错误

image-20220612133304527

10、整合Mybatis

前期工作

整合包

  • mybatis-spring-boot-starter

去maven仓库找mybatis-spring-boot-starter

<!--mybatis-spring-boot-starter 整合-->
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
    <version>2.2.2</version>
</dependency>

这次用application.properties来配置数据源(用yaml的方式也是一样的)

spring.datasource.username=root
spring.datasource.password=123456
spring.datasource.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mybatis?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8
spring.datasource.driver-class-name=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver

测试类

package com.dahai;

import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;

import javax.sql.DataSource;
import java.sql.SQLException;

@SpringBootTest
class Springboot05MybatisApplicationTests {

    @Autowired
    DataSource dataSource;

    @Test
    void contextLoads() throws SQLException {
        System.out.println(dataSource.getClass());
        System.out.println(dataSource.getConnection());
    }
}

成功输出

image-20220612141546229

说明连接数据库是没问题了,可以开始后面的工作

pojo

User类

package com.dahai.pojo;

import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;

@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
public class User {

    private int id;
    private String name;
    private String pwd;
}

mapper

UserMapper类

package com.dahai.mapper;

import com.dahai.pojo.User;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Mapper;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;

import java.util.List;

// 这个注解表示了这是一个 mybatis 的 mapper 类
@Mapper
@Repository
public interface UserMapper {

    List<User> queryUserList();

    User queryUserById(int id);

    int addUser(User user);

    int updateUser(User user);

    int deleteUser(int id);
}

application.properties

spring.datasource.username=root
spring.datasource.password=123456
spring.datasource.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mybatis?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8
spring.datasource.driver-class-name=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver

# 整合mybatis
mybatis.type-aliases-package=com.dahai.pojo
mybatis.mapper-locations=classpath:mybatis/mapper/*.xml

mapper.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">

<mapper namespace="com.dahai.mapper.UserMapper">

    <select id="queryUserList" resultType="User">
        select * from mybatis.user;
    </select>

    <select id="queryUserById" resultType="User">
        select * from mybatis.user where id = #{id};
    </select>

    <insert id="addUser" parameterType="User">
        insert into mybatis.user (id, name, pwd) values (#{id},#{name},#{pwd});
    </insert>

    <update id="updateUser" parameterType="User">
        update mybatis.user set name=#{name},pwd = #{pwd} where id = #{id};
    </update>

    <delete id="deleteUser" parameterType="int">
        delete from mybatis.user where id = #{id}
    </delete>
</mapper>

controller

package com.dahai.controller;

import com.dahai.mapper.UserMapper;
import com.dahai.pojo.User;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

import java.util.List;


@RestController
public class UserController {
    @Autowired
    private UserMapper userMapper;

    @GetMapping("/queryUserList")
    public List<User> queryUserList() {
        List<User> userList = userMapper.queryUserList();

        for (User user : userList) {
            System.out.println(user);
        }

        return userList;
    }

    //添加一个用户
    @GetMapping("/addUser")
    public String addUser() {
        userMapper.addUser(new User(7,"阿毛","123456"));
        return "ok";
    }

    //修改一个用户
    @GetMapping("/updateUser")
    public String updateUser() {
        userMapper.updateUser(new User(7,"阿毛","123456"));
        return "ok";
    }

    @GetMapping("/deleteUser")
    public String deleteUser() {
        userMapper.deleteUser(7);

        return "ok";
    }
}

11、SpringSecurity(安全)

在web开发中,安全第一位!

  • 过滤器
  • 拦截器

功能性需求:否

做网站:安全应该在什么时候考虑?设计之初!

市面上的安全框架

  • shiro
  • SpringSecurity

springboot官网:https://spring.io/projects/spring-security

摘要:

Spring Security is a powerful and highly customizable authentication and access-controlframework.

翻译:Spring Security是一个功能强大且高度可定制的身份验证访问控制框架。

1、演示

创建一个普通的springboot的空项目

pom.xml文件需要引入的依赖

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.7.0</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>
    <groupId>com.dahai</groupId>
    <artifactId>springboot-06-security</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <name>springboot-06-security</name>
    <description>springboot-06-security</description>
    <properties>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
    </properties>
    <dependencies>
        <!--spring-boot-starter-security-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-security</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>

        <!--thymeleaf模板,都是基于thymeleaf3.x开发的-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.thymeleaf</groupId>
            <artifactId>thymeleaf-spring5</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.thymeleaf.extras</groupId>
            <artifactId>thymeleaf-extras-java8time</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

</project>

RouterController(页面跳转)

package com.dahai.controller;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

@Controller
public class RouterController {


    @RequestMapping({"/","/index"})
    public String index(){

        return "index";
    }

    @RequestMapping("/toLogin")
    public String toLogin(){

        return "views/login";
    }

    @RequestMapping("/level1/{id}")
    public String level1(@PathVariable("id") int id){
        return "views/level1/"+id;
    }

    @RequestMapping("/level2/{id}")
    public String level2(@PathVariable("id") int id){
        return "views/level2/"+id;
    }

    @RequestMapping("/level3/{id}")
    public String level3(@PathVariable("id") int id){
        return "views/level3/"+id;
    }
}

浏览器访问:http://localhost:8080/

image-20220708230250925

记住几个类:

  • WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter:自定义Security策略
  • AuthenticationManagerBuilder:自定义认证策略
  • @EnableWebSecurity:开启WebSecurity模式,@Enablexxxx开启某个功能

Spring Security的两个主要目标是“认证"和"授权”(访问控制)

  • “认证”(Authentication)
  • "授权”(Authorization)

这个概念是通用的,而不是只在Spring Security中存在。

2、权限代码演示

从内存读取数据

固定的骨架

@EnableWebSecurity
public class SecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {

    @Override
    protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
        super.configure(http);
    }
}

在config包新建SecurityConfig类

package com.dahai.config;


import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.builders.HttpSecurity;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.EnableWebSecurity;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter;

//:AOP:类似拦截器
@EnableWebSecurity
public class SecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {

    @Override
    protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {

        //首页所有人可以访问,但是功能页只有对应有权限的人才能访问
        //authorizeRequests     认证请求
        http.authorizeRequests()
                .antMatchers("/").permitAll()
                // vip1用户只能访问/level1/**
                .antMatchers("/level1/**").hasRole("vip1")
                // vip2用户只能访问/level2/**
                .antMatchers("/level2/**").hasRole("vip2")
                // vip3用户只能访问/level3/**
                .antMatchers("/level3/**").hasRole("vip3");

        // 没有权限默认会到登录页面,需要开启登录的页面
        http.formLogin();
    }
}

再次访问level1页面

image-20220614171734620

报403错误,表示权限不足

给不同的角色分配不同的权限

认证和授权

package com.dahai.config;


import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.authentication.builders.AuthenticationManagerBuilder;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.builders.HttpSecurity;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.EnableWebSecurity;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter;
import org.springframework.security.crypto.bcrypt.BCryptPasswordEncoder;

//:AOP:类似拦截器
@EnableWebSecurity
public class SecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {

    //授权
    @Override
    protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {

        //首页所有人可以访问,但是功能页只有对应有权限的人才能访问
        //authorizeRequests     认证请求
        http.authorizeRequests()
                .antMatchers("/").permitAll()
                // vip1用户只能访问/level1/**
                .antMatchers("/level1/**").hasRole("vip1")
                // vip2用户只能访问/level2/**
                .antMatchers("/level2/**").hasRole("vip2")
                // vip3用户只能访问/level3/**
                .antMatchers("/level3/**").hasRole("vip3");

        // 没有权限默认会到登录页面,需要开启登录的页面
        http.formLogin();

        //注销
        http.logout().logoutSuccessUrl("/");
    }

    //认证,springboot 2.1.x之前   可以直接使用
    //2.1.x之后   密码编码:passwordEncoder
    //在Spring  Secutiry 5.0+新增了很多的加密方法~
    @Override
    protected void configure(AuthenticationManagerBuilder auth) throws Exception {

        //  auth.jdbcAuthentication()           从数据库里面拿数据
        //  auth.inMemoryAuthentication()       从内存里面拿数据
        //  这些数据正常应该从数据库中读,这里方便理解就从内存中读
        auth.inMemoryAuthentication().passwordEncoder(new BCryptPasswordEncoder())
                .withUser("admin").password(new BCryptPasswordEncoder().encode("123456")).roles("vip2","vip3")
                .and()
                .withUser("root").password(new BCryptPasswordEncoder().encode("123456")).roles("vip1","vip2","vip3")
                .and()
                .withUser("guest").password(new BCryptPasswordEncoder().encode("123456")).roles("vip1");
    }
}

从数据库中读

image-20220710141253166

引入一个包

image-20220710142911338

image-20220710143143303

image-20220710143419816

image-20220710143531764

image-20220710164801481

image-20220710164824533

记住我功能

image-20220710165316603

进入自己写的登录页面

image-20220710165514798

12、Shiro

shiro架构

image-20220710204041045

1、导入依赖

image-20220710174110192

2、配置文件

image-20220710174130460

3、HelloWorld

image-20220710174150947

解析官方测试案例

image-20220710194138732

image-20220710194445154

image-20220710194631631

image-20220710194705812

image-20220710203153328

shiro整合springboot

先把环境搭建好

新建一个module

image-20220710203331464

controller层

image-20220710203704089

index页面

image-20220710203936121

运行结果

image-20220710204436097

整合开始

引入一个shiro整合spring的整合包(依赖)

image-20220710204320216

image-20220710204628707

image-20220710204846757

spring托管Bean

image-20220710204952898

image-20220710210534589

image-20220710210754836

image-20220710210855980

image-20220710211032030

image-20220710211118133

运行结果

image-20220710211217132

登录拦截

image-20220710211910325

image-20220710212043034

image-20220710212210304

image-20220710212152461

image-20220710212323384

Shiro实现用户认证

image-20220710212615081

image-20220710212723512

image-20220710213021761

image-20220710213112034

image-20220710213609713

Shiro整合Mybatis

image-20220710213818977

编写配置文件

image-20220710213858412

image-20220710214005738

pojo类(用户实体类)

image-20220710214046989

编写mapper

image-20220710214220187

编写mapper.xml

image-20220710214326283

编写service层

image-20220710214744820

编写service.impl

image-20220710214906403

测试一下,没问题就说明底层可以连接到数据库

image-20220710215025860

把UserRealm连接到真实的数据库

image-20220710215349937

Shiro请求授权实现

image-20220710220659216

image-20220710220820479

image-20220710220912177

运行结果

image-20220710221012847

image-20220710224059943

image-20220710224248103

image-20220710224310888

image-20220710224625387

image-20220710224733197

Shiro整合Thymeleaf

引入shiro-thymeleaf依赖

image-20220710225137797

image-20220710225307335

image-20220710225454101

image-20220710225635038

image-20220710230058700

image-20220710230138040

image-20220710230309077

到此,Shiro就算结束了,当然学习Shiro还未结束,需要后面多加练习。。。

posted @ 2022-07-10 23:47  海边蓝贝壳  阅读(471)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报