MySQL实现JDBC-简单案例演示

目录

JDBC案例student学生表的CRUD

数据准备

(1)创建SQL表

(2)创建Student类

详细过程

DAO、Service、Controller层

DAO(Data Access Object)

Service(中间层、业务逻辑层—做个接口)

Controaller(控制层)


JDBC案例student学生表的CRUD

CRUD操作就是增删查改操作。

数据准备

(1)创建SQL表

在SQLyog的上面创建数据库db14,数据表student,然后添加数据。

-- 创建db14数据库
CREATE DATABASE db14;

-- 使用db14数据库
USE db14;

-- 创建student表
CREATE TABLE student(
	sid INT PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT,	-- 学生id
	NAME VARCHAR(20),					-- 学生姓名
	age INT,							-- 学生年龄
	birthday DATE						-- 学生生日
);

-- 添加数据
INSERT INTO student VALUES (NULL,'张三',23,'1999-09-23'),
			(NULL,'李四',24,'1998-08-10'),
			(NULL,'王五',25,'1996-06-06'),
			(NULL,'赵六',26,'1994-10-20');

(2)创建Student类

上述SQL表中,有四个字段,Student类的成员变量的数据类型变量名要与之对应!!!

自定义类的功能是为了封装表中的每一列数据,成员变量和列保持一致。所有的基本数据类型都必须使用其对应的包装类,以避免表中的null值无法赋值。(因为null不能赋值给基本数据类型)

import java.util.Date;

public class Student {
    private Integer sid;
    private String name;
    private Integer age;
    private Date birthday;
    
    // 构造方法
    public Student() {
    }

    public Student(Integer sid, String name, Integer age, Date birthday) {
        this.sid = sid;
        this.name = name;
        this.age = age;
        this.birthday = birthday;
    }
    
    // 创建getter 和 setter方法
    public Integer getSid() {
        return sid;
    }

    public void setSid(Integer sid) {
        this.sid = sid;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public Integer getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(Integer age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

    public Date getBirthday() {
        return birthday;
    }

    public void setBirthday(Date birthday) {
        this.birthday = birthday;
    }
    
    // toString方法
    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Student{" +
                "sid=" + sid +
                ", name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", age=" + age +
                ", birthday=" + birthday +
                '}';
    }
}

详细过程

实现我们要先提一下一个概念:

Java中的分成思想。

DAO、Service、Controller层

DAO(Data Access Object)

直接看英文意思就是“数据访问对象”,也就是做一个“接口”

DAO层主要是做数据持久层的工作,负责与数据库进行联络的一些任务都封装在此,DAO层的设计首先是设计DAO的接口,然后在Spring的配置文件定义接口实现类,然后就可在模块调用接口来进行数据业务的处理,而不用关心此接口的具体实现类是哪个类,显得结构非常清晰,DAO层的数据源配置,以及有关数据库连接的参数都在Spring的配置文件中进行配置。

Service(中间层、业务逻辑层—做个接口)

Service层主要编写具体业务逻辑,每个Service一般包含一组相关的业务逻辑(比如“用户管理”是一个Service,”文章管理“是一个Service)

Service层主要负责业务模块逻辑应用设计。同样是首设计接口,再设计其实现,接着在Spring的配置文件配置其实现的关联。这样我们就可以在应用中调用Service接口来进行业务处理。Service层的业务实现,具体要调用到已定义的DAO层的接口,封装Service层的业务逻辑有利于通用的业务逻辑的独立性重复利用性程序显得非常简洁

Controaller(控制层)

其实相当于Servlet那一层所做的事

Controller层负责具体业务模块流程控制,在此层里面要调用Serice层的接口来控制业务流程,控制的配置也同样是在Spring的配置文件里面进行,针对具体的业务流程,会有不同的控制器,我们具体的设计过程中可以将流程进行抽象归纳,设计出可以重复利用的子单元流程模块,这样不仅使程序结构变得清晰,也大大减少了代码量。

该内容出自:JavaWeb开发中的分层思想(一) - 余月七 - 博客园 (cnblogs.com)icon-default.png?t=M1L8https://www.cnblogs.com/yuyueq/p/14546053.html

在我们的这个项目中:

domain中的Student是实体类,controller、service、dao分别对应上述的3个层。

domain包下的Student类:

package JDBC.domain;

import java.util.Date;

public class Student {
    private Integer sid;
    private String name;
    private Integer age;
    private Date birthday;

    // 构造方法
    public Student() {
    }

    public Student(Integer sid, String name, Integer age, Date birthday) {
        this.sid = sid;
        this.name = name;
        this.age = age;
        this.birthday = birthday;
    }

    // 创建getter 和 setter方法
    public Integer getSid() {
        return sid;
    }

    public void setSid(Integer sid) {
        this.sid = sid;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public Integer getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(Integer age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

    public Date getBirthday() {
        return birthday;
    }

    public void setBirthday(Date birthday) {
        this.birthday = birthday;
    }

    // toString方法
    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Student{" +
                "sid=" + sid +
                ", name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", age=" + age +
                ", birthday=" + birthday +
                '}';
    }
}

dao包下的StudentDao接口:

package JDBC.dao;

import JDBC.domain.Student;

import java.util.ArrayList;

public interface StudentDao {
    //查询所有学生
    public abstract ArrayList<Student> findAll();

    //条件查询,根据id获取学生信息
    public abstract Student findById(Integer id);

    //新增学生信息
    public abstract int insert(Student stu);

    //修改学生信息
    public abstract int update(Student stu);

    //删除学生信息
    public abstract int delete(Integer id);
}

dao包下的StudentDaoImpl实现类:

package JDBC.dao;

import JDBC.domain.Student;

import java.sql.*;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.logging.SimpleFormatter;

public class StudentDaoImpl implements StudentDao {

    @Override
    public ArrayList<Student> findAll() {
        ArrayList<Student> list = new ArrayList<>();
        Connection con = null;
        Statement stat = null;
        ResultSet rs = null;

        try{
            Class.forName("com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver");
            String url = "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/db14";
            con = DriverManager.getConnection(url, "root", "888888");
            stat = con.createStatement();
            String sql = "SELECT * FROM student";
            rs = stat.executeQuery(sql);
            while (rs.next()) {
                Integer sid = rs.getInt("sid");
                String name = rs.getString("name");
                Integer age = rs.getInt("age");
                Date birthday = rs.getDate("birthday");

                Student stu = new Student(sid,name,age,birthday);
                list.add(stu);
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            if (rs != null) {
                try {
                    rs.close();
                } catch (SQLException throwables) {
                    throwables.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
            if (stat != null) {
                try {
                    stat.close();
                } catch (SQLException throwables) {
                    throwables.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
            if (con != null) {
                try {
                    con.close();
                } catch (SQLException throwables) {
                    throwables.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }
        return list;
    }

    @Override
    public Student findById(Integer id) {
        Student stu = new Student();
        Connection con = null;
        Statement stat = null;
        ResultSet rs = null;

        try{
            Class.forName("com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver");
            String url = "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/db14";
            con = DriverManager.getConnection(url, "root", "888888");
            stat = con.createStatement();
            String sql = "SELECT * FROM student WHERE sid='"+id+"'";
            rs = stat.executeQuery(sql);

            while (rs.next()) {
                Integer sid = rs.getInt("sid");
                String name = rs.getString("name");
                Integer age = rs.getInt("age");
                Date birthday = rs.getDate("birthday");

                stu.setSid(sid);
                stu.setName(name);
                stu.setAge(age);
                stu.setBirthday(birthday);
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            if (rs != null) {
                try {
                    rs.close();
                } catch (SQLException throwables) {
                    throwables.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
            if (stat != null) {
                try {
                    stat.close();
                } catch (SQLException throwables) {
                    throwables.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
            if (con != null) {
                try {
                    con.close();
                } catch (SQLException throwables) {
                    throwables.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }
        return stu;
    }

    @Override
    public int insert(Student stu) {
        Connection con = null;
        Statement stat = null;
        int result = 0;

        try{
            Class.forName("com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver");
            String url = "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/db14";
            con = DriverManager.getConnection(url, "root", "888888");
            stat = con.createStatement();
            Date d = stu.getBirthday();
            SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd");
            String birthday = sdf.format(d);
            String sql = "INSERT INTO student VALUES ('"+stu.getSid()+"','"+stu.getName()+"','"+stu.getAge()+"','"+birthday+"')";
            result = stat.executeUpdate(sql);

        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            if (stat != null) {
                try {
                    stat.close();
                } catch (SQLException throwables) {
                    throwables.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
            if (con != null) {
                try {
                    con.close();
                } catch (SQLException throwables) {
                    throwables.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }
        return result;
    }

    @Override
    public int update(Student stu) {
        Connection con = null;
        Statement stat = null;
        int result = 0;

        try{
            Class.forName("com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver");
            String url = "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/db14";
            con = DriverManager.getConnection(url, "root", "888888");
            stat = con.createStatement();
            Date d = stu.getBirthday();
            SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd");
            String birthday = sdf.format(d);
            String sql = "UPDATE student SET sid='"+stu.getSid()+"',name='"+stu.getName()+"',age='"+stu.getAge()+"',birthday='"+birthday+"' WHERE sid='"+stu.getSid()+"'";
            result = stat.executeUpdate(sql);

        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            if (stat != null) {
                try {
                    stat.close();
                } catch (SQLException throwables) {
                    throwables.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
            if (con != null) {
                try {
                    con.close();
                } catch (SQLException throwables) {
                    throwables.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }
        return result;
    }

    @Override
    public int delete(Integer id) {
        Connection con = null;
        Statement stat = null;
        int result = 0;

        try{
            Class.forName("com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver");
            String url = "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/db14";
            con = DriverManager.getConnection(url, "root", "888888");
            stat = con.createStatement();

            String sql = "DELETE FROM student WHERE sid='"+id+"'";
            result = stat.executeUpdate(sql);

        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            if (stat != null) {
                try {
                    stat.close();
                } catch (SQLException throwables) {
                    throwables.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
            if (con != null) {
                try {
                    con.close();
                } catch (SQLException throwables) {
                    throwables.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }
        return result;
    }
}

service包下的StudentService接口:

package JDBC.service;

import JDBC.domain.Student;

import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.util.ArrayList;

public interface StudentService {
    //查询所有学生
    public abstract ArrayList<Student> findAll() throws SQLException;

    //条件查询,根据id获取学生信息
    public abstract Student findById(Integer id);

    //新增学生信息
    public abstract int insert(Student stu);

    //修改学生信息
    public abstract int update(Student stu);

    //删除学生信息
    public abstract int delete(Integer id);
}

service包下的StudentServiceImpl实现类:

package JDBC.service;

import JDBC.dao.StudentDao;
import JDBC.dao.StudentDaoImpl;
import JDBC.domain.Student;

import java.sql.*;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Date;

public class StudentServiceImpl implements StudentService{
    // 先声明!
    private StudentDao dao = new StudentDaoImpl();

    @Override
    public ArrayList<Student> findAll() {
        return dao.findAll();
    }

    @Override
    public Student findById(Integer id) {
        return dao.findById(id);
    }

    @Override
    public int insert(Student stu) {
        return dao.insert(stu);
    }

    @Override
    public int update(Student stu) {
        return dao.update(stu);
    }

    @Override
    public int delete(Integer id) {
        return dao.delete(id);
    }
}

controller包下的Studentcontroller类:

package JDBC.controller;


import JDBC.domain.Student;
import JDBC.service.StudentService;
import JDBC.service.StudentServiceImpl;
import org.junit.*;

import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.Scanner;

public class StudentController {
    //声明一个service对象
    private StudentService service = new StudentServiceImpl();
    /*
        查询所有学生信息
     */
    @Test
    public void findAll() throws SQLException {
        ArrayList<Student> list = service.findAll();
        for (Student stu : list) {
            System.out.println(stu);
        }
    }

    /*
        条件查询,根据id查询学生信息
     */
    @Test
    public void findById() {
        Student stu = service.findById(3);
        System.out.println(stu);
    }

    /*
        添加学生信息
     */
    @Test
    public void insert() {
        Student stu = new Student(5,"周七",19,new Date());
        int result = service.insert(stu);
        if(result != 0) {
            System.out.println("添加成功!");
        } else {
            System.out.println("添加失败!");
        }
    }

    /*
        修改学生信息
     */
    @Test
    public void update() {
        Student stu = service.findById(5);
        stu.setName("周奇奇");

        int result = service.update(stu);
        if (result != 0) {
            System.out.println("修改成功!");
        } else {
            System.out.println("修改失败!");
        }
    }

    /*
        删除学生信息
     */
    @Test
    public void delete() {
        int result = service.delete(5);
        if(result != 0) {
            System.out.println("删除成功!");
        } else {
            System.out.println("删除失败!");
        }
    }
}
posted @ 2022-02-22 20:23  金鳞踏雨  阅读(15)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报  来源