实验五

task1_1:

 1 #include <stdio.h>
 2 #define N 5
 3 
 4 void input(int x[], int n);
 5 void output(int x[], int n);
 6 void find_min_max(int x[], int n, int *pmin, int *pmax);
 7 
 8 int main() {
 9     int a[N];
10     int min, max;
11 
12     printf("录入%d个数据:\n", N);
13     input(a, N);
14 
15     printf("数据是: \n");
16     output(a, N);
17 
18     printf("数据处理...\n");
19     find_min_max(a, N, &min, &max);
20 
21     printf("输出结果:\n");
22     printf("min = %d, max = %d\n", min, max);
23 
24     return 0;
25 }
26 
27 void input(int x[], int n) {
28     int i;
29 
30     for(i = 0; i < n; ++i)
31         scanf("%d", &x[i]);
32 }
33 
34 void output(int x[], int n) {
35     int i;
36     
37     for(i = 0; i < n; ++i)
38         printf("%d ", x[i]);
39     printf("\n");
40 }
41 
42 void find_min_max(int x[], int n, int *pmin, int *pmax) {
43     int i;
44     
45     *pmin = *pmax = x[0];
46 
47     for(i = 0; i < n; ++i)
48         if(x[i] < *pmin)
49             *pmin = x[i];
50         else if(x[i] > *pmax)
51             *pmax = x[i];
52 }

1.为了找到数组中的最大和最小值。2.都指向x[0]。
task1_2:

 1 #include <stdio.h>
 2 #define N 5
 3 
 4 void input(int x[], int n);
 5 void output(int x[], int n);
 6 int *find_max(int x[], int n);
 7 
 8 int main() {
 9     int a[N];
10     int *pmax;
11 
12     printf("录入%d个数据:\n", N);
13     input(a, N);
14 
15     printf("数据是: \n");
16     output(a, N);
17 
18     printf("数据处理...\n");
19     pmax = find_max(a, N);
20 
21     printf("输出结果:\n");
22     printf("max = %d\n", *pmax);
23 
24     return 0;
25 }
26 
27 void input(int x[], int n) {
28     int i;
29 
30     for(i = 0; i < n; ++i)
31         scanf("%d", &x[i]);
32 }
33 
34 void output(int x[], int n) {
35     int i;
36     
37     for(i = 0; i < n; ++i)
38         printf("%d ", x[i]);
39     printf("\n");
40 }
41 
42 int *find_max(int x[], int n) {
43     int max_index = 0;
44     int i;
45 
46     for(i = 0; i < n; ++i)
47         if(x[i] > x[max_index])
48             max_index = i;
49     
50     return &x[max_index];
51 }

1.找到数组中的最小值。2.不可以,它试图将 x[0] 的地址赋给 ptr 所指向的内容。

task2_1:

 1 #include <stdio.h>
 2 #include <string.h>
 3 #define N 80
 4 
 5 int main() {
 6     char s1[N] = "Learning makes me happy";
 7     char s2[N] = "Learning makes me sleepy";
 8     char tmp[N];
 9 
10     printf("sizeof(s1) vs. strlen(s1): \n");
11     printf("sizeof(s1) = %d\n", sizeof(s1));
12     printf("strlen(s1) = %d\n", strlen(s1));
13 
14     printf("\nbefore swap: \n");
15     printf("s1: %s\n", s1);
16     printf("s2: %s\n", s2);
17 
18     printf("\nswapping...\n");
19     strcpy(tmp, s1);
20     strcpy(s1, s2);
21     strcpy(s2, tmp);
22 
23     printf("\nafter swap: \n");
24     printf("s1: %s\n", s1);
25     printf("s2: %s\n", s2);
26 
27     return 0;
28 }

1.sizeof(s1)=80,strlen(s1)=23。2.不能换,要替换的代码中s1是数组名,不能直接把内容赋值给数组名。3.s1和s3的内容交换了。

task2_2:

 1 #include <stdio.h>
 2 #include <string.h>
 3 #define N 80
 4 
 5 int main() {
 6     char *s1 = "Learning makes me happy";
 7     char *s2 = "Learning makes me sleepy";
 8     char *tmp;
 9 
10     printf("sizeof(s1) vs. strlen(s1): \n");
11     printf("sizeof(s1) = %d\n", sizeof(s1));
12     printf("strlen(s1) = %d\n", strlen(s1));
13 
14     printf("\nbefore swap: \n");
15     printf("s1: %s\n", s1);
16     printf("s2: %s\n", s2);
17 
18     printf("\nswapping...\n");
19     tmp = s1;
20     s1 = s2;
21     s2 = tmp;
22 
23     printf("\nafter swap: \n");
24     printf("s1: %s\n", s1);
25     printf("s2: %s\n", s2);
26 
27     return 0;
28 }

1.s1中存放的是“···”的地址。sizeof(s1)计算的是指针本身占用的内存空间大小。strlen(s1)统计的是字符串的实际长度。2.可以交换。2_1中line6是定义一个数组存储语句。2_2中line6是定义一个指针指向语句的地址。3.交换的是s1和s2的地址。内存没有交换。

task3:

 1 #include <stdio.h>
 2 
 3 int main() {
 4     int x[2][4] = {{1, 9, 8, 4}, {2, 0, 4, 9}};
 5     int i, j;
 6     int *ptr1;     // 指针变量,存放int类型数据的地址
 7     int(*ptr2)[4]; // 指针变量,指向包含4个int元素的一维数组
 8 
 9     printf("输出1: 使用数组名、下标直接访问二维数组元素\n");
10     for (i = 0; i < 2; ++i) {
11         for (j = 0; j < 4; ++j)
12             printf("%d ", x[i][j]);
13         printf("\n");
14     }
15 
16     printf("\n输出2: 使用指针变量ptr1(指向元素)间接访问\n");
17     for (ptr1 = &x[0][0], i = 0; ptr1 < &x[0][0] + 8; ++ptr1, ++i) {
18         printf("%d ", *ptr1);
19 
20         if ((i + 1) % 4 == 0)
21             printf("\n");
22     }
23                          
24     printf("\n输出3: 使用指针变量ptr2(指向一维数组)间接访问\n");
25     for (ptr2 = x; ptr2 < x + 2; ++ptr2) {
26         for (j = 0; j < 4; ++j)
27             printf("%d ", *(*ptr2 + j));
28         printf("\n");
29     }
30 
31     return 0;
32 }

task4:

 1 #include <stdio.h>
 2 #define N 80
 3 
 4 void replace(char *str, char old_char, char new_char); // 函数声明
 5 
 6 int main() {
 7     char text[N] = "Programming is difficult or not, it is a question.";
 8 
 9     printf("原始文本: \n");
10     printf("%s\n", text);
11 
12     replace(text, 'i', '*'); // 函数调用 注意字符形参写法,单引号不能少
13 
14     printf("处理后文本: \n");
15     printf("%s\n", text);
16 
17     return 0;
18 }
19 
20 // 函数定义
21 void replace(char *str, char old_char, char new_char) {
22     int i;
23 
24     while(*str) {
25         if(*str == old_char)
26             *str = new_char;
27         str++;
28     }
29 }

task5:

 1 #include <stdio.h>
 2 #include <string.h>
 3 #define N 80
 4 
 5 char *str_trunc(char *str, char x);
 6 
 7 int main() {
 8     char str[N];
 9     char ch;
10 
11     while (printf("输入字符串: "), gets(str)!= NULL) {
12         printf("输入一个字符: ");
13         ch = getchar();
14 
15         printf("截断处理...\n");
16         str_trunc(str, ch);       
17 
18         printf("截断处理后的字符串: %s\n\n", str);
19         getchar();
20     }
21 
22     return 0;
23 }
24 
25 char *str_trunc(char *str, char x) {
26     int i, j;
27 
28     for (i = 0; i < strlen(str); i++) {
29         if (str[i] == x) {
30             break;
31         }
32     }
33 
34     if (i == strlen(str)) {
35         return str;
36     }
37 
38     for (j = 0; j < i; j++) {
39         str[j] = str[j];
40     }
41 
42     str[j] = '\0';
43 
44     return str;
45 }

getchar是为了读取“\n”防止影响后面的多组输入。

task6:

 1 #include <stdio.h>
 2 #include <string.h>
 3 #define N 5
 4 
 5 int check_id(char *str); 
 6 
 7 int main()
 8 {
 9     char *pid[N] = {"31010120000721656X",
10                     "3301061996X0203301",
11                     "53010220051126571",
12                     "510104199211197977",
13                     "53010220051126133Y"};
14     int i;
15 
16     for (i = 0; i < N; ++i)
17         if (check_id(pid[i])) 
18             printf("%s\tTrue\n", pid[i]);
19         else
20             printf("%s\tFalse\n", pid[i]);
21 
22     return 0;
23 }
24 
25 int check_id(char *str) {
26     int i, j;
27     if (strlen(str) == 18) {  
28         for (j = 0; j < 17; j++) {  
29             char targetChar = str[j];
30             int ascii = (int)targetChar;
31             if (ascii < 48 || ascii > 57) { 
32                 return 0;
33             }
34         }
35         char lastChar = str[17];  
36         int lastAscii = (int)lastChar;
37         if ((lastAscii >= 48 && lastAscii <= 57) || lastAscii == 88) {  
38             return 1;
39         }
40     }
41     return 0;  
42 }

task7:

 

 1 #include <stdio.h>
 2 #define N 80
 3 void encoder(char *str, int n); // 函数声明
 4 void decoder(char *str, int n); // 函数声明
 5 
 6 int main() {
 7     char words[N];
 8     int n;
 9 
10     printf("输入英文文本: ");
11     gets(words);
12 
13     printf("输入n: ");
14     scanf("%d", &n);
15 
16     printf("编码后的英文文本: ");
17     encoder(words, n);      // 函数调用
18     printf("%s\n", words);
19 
20     printf("对编码后的英文文本解码: ");
21     decoder(words, n); // 函数调用
22     printf("%s\n", words);
23 
24     return 0;
25 }
26 
27 /*函数定义
28 功能:对s指向的字符串进行编码处理
29 编码规则:
30 对于a~z或A~Z之间的字母字符,用其后第n个字符替换; 其它非字母字符,保持不变
31 */
32 void encoder(char *str, int n) {
33     int i;
34     for(i=0;str[i]!='\0';i++){
35         if(str[i]>='a'&&str[i]<='z'){
36             str[i]=(str[i]-'a'+n)%26+'a';
37         }
38         else if(str[i]>='A'&&str[i]<='Z'){
39             str[i]=(str[i]-'A'+n)%26+'A';
40         }
41     }
42 
43 }
44 
45 /*函数定义
46 功能:对s指向的字符串进行解码处理
47 解码规则:
48 对于a~z或A~Z之间的字母字符,用其前面第n个字符替换; 其它非字母字符,保持不变
49 */
50 void decoder(char *str, int n) {
51         int i;
52     for(i=0;str[i]!='\0';i++){
53         if(str[i]>='a'&&str[i]<='z'){
54             str[i]=(str[i]-'a'-n+26)%26+'a';
55         }

 

56         else if(str[i]>='A'&&str[i]<='Z'){
57             str[i]=(str[i]-'A'-n+26)%26+'A';
58         }
59     }
60 }

task8:

 1 #include <stdio.h>
 2 #include <string.h>
 3 int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
 4     int i,j;
 5     char* temp;
 6     for(i = 1; i < argc; i++){
 7         for(j=1;j<argc-i;j++){
 8             if(strcmp(argv[j],argv[j+1])>0){
 9                 temp = argv[j];
10                 argv[j] = argv[j+1];
11                 argv[j+1] = temp;
12             }
13 
14         }
15     }
16 
17     for(i = 1; i < argc; ++i)
18         printf("hello, %s\n", argv[i]);
19 
20     return 0;
21 }

 

posted @ 2024-12-08 13:14  落半月尘  阅读(6)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报