[原译]如何创建WPF用户控件&在WPF项目中使用
简单科普文，作者给的Demo我合并了下。VS2010直接打开解决方案。二者都有。
介绍
本文展示在WPF中如何创建用户控件并且如果在WPF项目中使用。我将使用VS2008和C#来展示如何创建一个自定义的ToolTip
背景
这篇由Sacha Barber.写的和我的有点像。
使用代码
开始。首先，我们创建一个用户控件。因此，我们选择新建WPF用户控件类库（WPF User Control Library）。
现在。我们可以创建或者编辑XAML代码来创建自定义的用户控件了。我使用XAML来创建自定义的ToolTip。你想做什么随你。
<UserControl Name="UserControlToolTip" x:Class="CustomToolTip.UserControl1" xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation" xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml" xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008" xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006" mc:Ignorable="d" RenderTransformOrigin="0,0" HorizontalAlignment="Left" VerticalAlignment="Top" > <UserControl.RenderTransform> <TransformGroup> <ScaleTransform ScaleX="1" ScaleY="1"/> <SkewTransform AngleX="0" AngleY="0"/> <RotateTransform Angle="0"/> <TranslateTransform x:Name="UserControlToolTipXY" X="0" Y="0"/> </TransformGroup> </UserControl.RenderTransform> <Grid HorizontalAlignment="Center" VerticalAlignment="Center" MinWidth="200" MinHeight="120"> <Grid.RowDefinitions> <RowDefinition Height="0.333*"/> <RowDefinition Height="0.667*"/> </Grid.RowDefinitions> <Rectangle Fill="#FFFBFBFB" Stroke="#FF000000" RadiusX="10" RadiusY="10" RenderTransformOrigin="0.139,0.012" StrokeThickness="1" Grid.RowSpan="2"> <Rectangle.BitmapEffect> <DropShadowBitmapEffect Opacity="0.8"/> </Rectangle.BitmapEffect> </Rectangle> <Rectangle RadiusX="10" RadiusY="10" RenderTransformOrigin="0.139,0.012" StrokeThickness="10" Stroke="{x:Null}" Margin="1,1,1,1" Grid.Row="0" Grid.RowSpan="2"> <Rectangle.Fill> <LinearGradientBrush EndPoint="0.5,1" StartPoint="0.5,0.725"> <GradientStop Color="#00E6D9AA" Offset="0.487"/> <GradientStop Color="#FFE6D9AA" Offset="0.996"/> </LinearGradientBrush> </Rectangle.Fill> </Rectangle> <Rectangle RadiusX="10" RadiusY="10" RenderTransformOrigin="0.493,0.485" StrokeThickness="10" Stroke="{x:Null}" Grid.RowSpan="2" Margin="1,1,1,1"> <Rectangle.Fill> <LinearGradientBrush EndPoint="0.014,0.5" StartPoint="0.211,0.5"> <GradientStop Color="#00E6D9AA" Offset="0.513"/> <GradientStop Color="#FFE6D9AA" Offset="0.996"/> </LinearGradientBrush> </Rectangle.Fill> </Rectangle> <Rectangle RadiusX="10" RadiusY="10" RenderTransformOrigin="0.493,0.485" StrokeThickness="10" Stroke="{x:Null}" Grid.RowSpan="2" Margin="1,1,1,1"> <Rectangle.Fill> <LinearGradientBrush EndPoint="0.493,0.002" StartPoint="0.493,0.33"> <GradientStop Color="#00E6D9AA" Offset="0.513"/> <GradientStop Color="#FFE6D9AA" Offset="0.996"/> </LinearGradientBrush> </Rectangle.Fill> </Rectangle> <Rectangle RadiusX="10" RadiusY="10" RenderTransformOrigin="0.493,0.485" StrokeThickness="10" Stroke="{x:Null}" Grid.RowSpan="2" Margin="1,1,1,1"> <Rectangle.Fill> <LinearGradientBrush EndPoint="0.99,0.441" StartPoint="0.794,0.441"> <GradientStop Color="#00E6D9AA" Offset="0.513"/> <GradientStop Color="#FFE6D9AA" Offset="0.996"/> </LinearGradientBrush> </Rectangle.Fill> </Rectangle> <TextBlock Text="TextBlock" TextWrapping="Wrap" x:Name="TextBlockToolTip" RenderTransformOrigin="0.5,0.5" Grid.Row="1" HorizontalAlignment="Left" VerticalAlignment="Center" Margin="20,0,0,20" /> <TextBlock Name="ToolTipTitle" HorizontalAlignment="Stretch" Margin="15,16,15,6.1" FontSize="14" Text="title" d:LayoutOverrides="Height" /> </Grid> </UserControl>
同时。我们需要添加一些方法和属性来控制这些元素。
namespace CustomToolTip { public partial class UserControl1 : UserControl { public UserControl1() { InitializeComponent(); } public double UserControlToolTipX { get { return this.UserControlToolTipXY.X; } set { this.UserControlToolTipXY.X = value; } } public double UserControlToolTipY { get { return this.UserControlToolTipXY.Y; } set { this.UserControlToolTipXY.Y = value; } } public string UserControlTextBlockToolTip { get { return TextBlockToolTip.Text; } set { TextBlockToolTip.Text = value; } } public string UserControlToolTipTitle { get { return ToolTipTitle.Text; } set { ToolTipTitle.Text = value; } } } }
完成之后。我们按Shift+F6快捷键来生成dll文件。现在可以创建WPF项目并且使用我们的控件了。我们选择WPF应用程序项目
然后。我们添加对我们的控件生成dll的引用（注意。其实还可以把这两个项目放在同一个解决方案里。然后此处添加对项目的引用就可以 –译者）
我们将会在XAML窗体里使用自定义的用户控件。因此我们需要添加一些额外的XAML代码。我们在Window元素里添加下面一行。
至少。我们必须有一个Window 元素。。
<Window x:Class="WpfApplication1.Window1" xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation" xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml" xmlns:myToolTip="clr-namespace:CustomToolTip;assembly=CustomToolTip" Title="Window1" Height="600" Width="800"> </Window>
好。现在我们在XAML中像这样使用控件
最后。我创建了如下的XAML代码：
<Window x:Class="WpfApplication1.Window1" xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation" xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml" xmlns:myToolTip="clr-namespace:CustomToolTip;assembly=CustomToolTip" Title="Window1" Height="600" Width="800"> <Grid x:Name="rootGrid" RenderTransformOrigin="0.5,0.5"> <Grid.RenderTransform> <TransformGroup> <ScaleTransform ScaleX="1" ScaleY="1"/> <SkewTransform AngleX="0" AngleY="0"/> <RotateTransform Angle="0"/> <TranslateTransform x:Name="rootGridXY" X="0" Y="0"/> </TransformGroup> </Grid.RenderTransform> <Rectangle Margin="26,34,496,374" Name="rectangle1" Stroke="Black" Fill="Coral" MouseLeave="rectangle_MouseLeave" MouseMove="rectangle_MouseMove" /> <Rectangle Fill="Lavender" Margin="537,29,53,376" Name="rectangle2" Stroke="Black" MouseMove="rectangle_MouseMove" MouseLeave="rectangle_MouseLeave" /> <Rectangle Fill="Peru" Margin="192,391,186,37.995" Name="rectangle3" Stroke="Black" MouseMove="rectangle_MouseMove" MouseLeave="rectangle_MouseLeave" /> <myToolTip:UserControl1 UserControlTextBlockToolTip="Some texts" UserControlToolTipTitle="Title" Visibility="Hidden" x:Name="customToolTip" /> </Grid> </Window>
再写一些方法来显示/隐藏我们的自定义ToolTip
namespace WpfApplication1 { /// <summary> /// Interaction logic for Window1.xaml /// </summary> public partial class Window1 : Window { public Window1() { InitializeComponent(); } private void rectangle_MouseLeave(object sender, MouseEventArgs e) { state = true; customToolTip.Visibility = Visibility.Hidden; } bool state = true; Random rand = new Random(DateTime.Now.Millisecond); private void rectangle_MouseMove(object sender, MouseEventArgs e) { if (state) { customToolTip.Visibility = Visibility.Visible; customToolTip.UserControlToolTipTitle = (sender as Rectangle).Name.ToUpperInvariant(); customToolTip.UserControlTextBlockToolTip = ""; for (int i = 0; i < rand.Next(1, 30); i++) customToolTip.UserControlTextBlockToolTip += (sender as Rectangle).Name + "\t" + i.ToString() + "\n"; } customToolTip.UserControlToolTipX = Mouse.GetPosition(this).X + 10; customToolTip.UserControlToolTipY = Mouse.GetPosition(this).Y + 10; state = false; } } }
完了。
Demo下载
CustomToolTipDemo
许可
本文包括源代码和文件在CPOL下授权。
原文地址：How-to-Creating-a-WPF-User-Control-using-it-in-a-W
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