三、nginx实现反向代理负载均衡

1、反向代理

需求:

两个tomcat服务通过nginx反向代理

nginx服务器:192.168.101.3

tomcat1服务器:192.168.101.5

tomcat2服务器:192.168.101.6

如下图:

 

1.1. 启动tomcat

tomcat使用apache-tomcat-7.0.57版本,在192.168.101.5192.168.101.6虚拟机上启动tomcat

1.2. nginx反向代理配置

根据上边的需求在nginx.conf文件中配置反向代理,如下:

#配置一个代理即tomcat1服务器

upstream tomcat_server1 {
server 192.168.101.5:8080; } #配置一个代理即tomcat2服务器 upstream tomcat_server2 { server 192.168.101.6:8080; }

  #配置一个虚拟主机


    server {


        listen 80; #监听端口


        server_name aaa.test.com; #对外提供的域名,如果对内部,就用内网IP,或localhost


        location / {


                #域名aaa.test.com的请求全部转发到tomcat_server1即tomcat1服务上

                proxy_pass http://tomcat_server1;

                #欢迎页面,按照从左到右的顺序查找页面

                index index.jsp index.html index.htm;

        }

    }

 

    server {

        listen 80;

        server_name bbb.test.com;

        location / {

                 #域名bbb.test.com的请求全部转发到tomcat_server2即tomcat2服务上

                  proxy_pass http://tomcat_server2;

                  index index.jsp index.html index.htm;

        }

    }

 

:如果你的应用没在根目录但在根目录的子目录,不想用户每次访问输入www.aa.com/yingyong ,就需用到重写.

  #重写url
        location =/ {
          rewrite ^ /yingyong last;    #如果你的应用没在根目录但在根目录的子目录,不想用户每次访问输入www.aa.com/yingyong ,就需用到重写.
        }
        
        location /yingyong {     #获取重写位置
            proxy_set_header Host $host;
            proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $remote_addr;
          proxy_pass http://yingyong_proxy;    #把请求转向真实的后端服务
        }

如果在同一个域名下有多台服务器提供服务,此时需要nginx负载均衡。

2. 负载均衡

 需求

nginx作为负载均衡服务器,用户请求先到达nginx,再由nginx根据负载配置将请求转发至 tomcat服务器。

nginx负载均衡服务器:192.168.101.3

tomcat1服务器:192.168.101.5

tomcat2服务器:192.168.101.6

2.1. nginx实现负载均衡配置

根据上边的需求在nginx.conf文件中配置负载均衡,如下:

upstream tomcat_server_pool{

        server 192.168.101.5:8080 weight=10; #weight默认为1,权重越高处理的请求越高

        server 192.168.101.6:8080 weight=5;

        } 

    server {

        listen 80;

        server_name aaa.test.com;

        location / {

                 proxy_pass http://tomcat_server_pool;

                 index index.jsp index.html index.htm;

        }

    }

注:

节点说明:

http节点里添加:

#定义负载均衡设备的 Ip及设备状态

upstream myServer {   

    server 127.0.0.1:9090 down;

    server 127.0.0.1:8080 weight=2;

    server 127.0.0.1:6060;

    server 127.0.0.1:7070 backup;

}

 

在需要使用负载的Server节点下添加

proxy_pass http://myServer;

 

upstream 每个设备的状态:

down 表示单前的server暂时不参与负载

weight  默认为1.weight越大,负载的权重就越大。

max_fails :允许请求失败的次数默认为1.当超过最大次数时,返回proxy_next_upstream 模块定义的错误

fail_timeout:max_fails 次失败后,暂停的时间。

backup: 其它所有的非backup机器down或者忙的时候,请求backup机器。所以这台机器压力会最轻。

 附贴一个我目前使用的配置,方便以后查看。

#user  nobody;
worker_processes  1;

#error_log  logs/error.log;
#error_log  logs/error.log  notice;
#error_log  logs/error.log  info;

#pid        logs/nginx.pid;


events {
    worker_connections  1024;
}

http {
    include       mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;

upstream tomcat_server {
            server XXX.XX.XX.XX:8080;
        }

    #log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
    #                  '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
    #                  '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

    #access_log  logs/access.log  main;

    sendfile        on;
    #tcp_nopush     on;

    #keepalive_timeout  0;
    keepalive_timeout  65;

    #gzip  on;

    server {
        listen       80;
        server_name  laoyeye.net;

        #charset koi8-r;

        #access_log  logs/host.access.log  main;

        location / {
            rewrite (.*) http://www.laoyeye.net;
        }

        #error_page  404              /404.html;

        # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
        #
        error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
        location = /50x.html {
            root   html;
        }

        # proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
        #
        #location ~ \.php$ {
        #    proxy_pass   http://127.0.0.1;
        #}

        # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
        #
        #location ~ \.php$ {
        #    root           html;
        #    fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
        #    fastcgi_index  index.php;
        #    fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
        #    include        fastcgi_params;
        #}

        # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
        # concurs with nginx's one
        #
        #location ~ /\.ht {
        #    deny  all;
        #}
    }
    server {

        listen 80;

        server_name www.laoyeye.net;

        location / {

                 #域名www.laoyeye.net的请求全部转发到tomcat_server即tomcat服务上
                 proxy_pass http://tomcat_server;
              proxy_set_header Host $host:$server_port;
              proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
              proxy_set_header X-Real-PORT $remote_port;
              proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
                 index index.jsp index.html index.htm;

        }

    }
                 
    # another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration
    #
    #server {
    #    listen       8000;
    #    listen       somename:8080;
    #    server_name  somename  alias  another.alias;

    #    location / {
    #        root   html;
    #        index  index.html index.htm;
    #    }
    #}


    # HTTPS server
    #
    #server {
    #    listen       443 ssl;
    #    server_name  localhost;

    #    ssl_certificate      cert.pem;
    #    ssl_certificate_key  cert.key;

    #    ssl_session_cache    shared:SSL:1m;
    #    ssl_session_timeout  5m;

    #    ssl_ciphers  HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;
    #    ssl_prefer_server_ciphers  on;

    #    location / {
    #        root   html;
    #        index  index.html index.htm;
    #    }
    #}

}

 

posted @ 2017-04-23 22:08  小卖铺的老爷爷  阅读(543)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报


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