XML知识总结(C#和.NET2.0实战学习笔记)

1、 XML的元素的属性也可包括数据：

2、使用<!---title-à插入注释

3、 XSD schema类型化XML文档及数据

4、 Xpath，相当于XML的sql语句

5、 XSLT样式表是一种允许使用xml文档中的数据区生成新文档的语言，输出的文档可以是HTML，XML文档或任何简单的文本文档。

6、 XQuery目标与XSLT的目标是一样的。即把XML文档转换成另一文本文档。输出文档不一定是XML文档。这一功能看作是一种对XML文档进行查询操作的方法，因而得名XQuery，.net2.0并不支持XQuery1.0，但sql server2005支持使用Xquery的一个子集查询数据库中的XML数据

7、使用XMLReader读取XML数据的一个实例：

using System;

using System.Collections.Generic;

using System.Text;

using System.Xml;

namespace ConsoleApplication1

{

classProgram

{

staticvoid Main()

{

XmlReaderxtr = XmlReader.Create(@"C:\books.xml");

stringsIndent = string.Empty;

stringsElem = string.Empty;

while(xtr.Read())

{

if (xtr.NodeType == XmlNodeType.Element)

{

sIndent = string.Empty;

for (int i = 0; i< xtr.Depth; i++) sIndent += " ";

sElem =xtr.Name;

if (xtr.MoveToFirstAttribute())

Console.WriteLine("{0}{1}Attr:{2}",

sIndent, sElem, xtr.Value);

while (xtr.MoveToNextAttribute());

}

else if (xtr.NodeType== XmlNodeType.Text)

Console.WriteLine("{0}{1}Val:{2}", sIndent, sElem, xtr.Value);

}

8、使用XMLWriter类编辑数据

using System;

using System.Collections.Generic;

using System.Text;

using System.Xml;

using System.Xml.Schema;

namespace ConsoleApplication1

{

classProgram

{

staticvoid Main()

{

XmlTextWriterxtw = new XmlTextWriter(@"C:\book2.xml", Encoding.UTF8);

xtw.Formatting = Formatting.Indented;

xtw.WriteStartDocument(true);

xtw.WriteStartElement("books");

xtw.WriteStartElement("book");

xtw.WriteAttributeString("ISBN", "10-097661322-0");

xtw.WriteElementString("title", "Pratical.NET and C#");

xtw.WriteEndElement();

xtw.WriteEndDocument();

xtw.Flush();

xtw.Close();

}

9、 使用XmlDocument类装载和遍历XML文档到内存中

using System;

using System.Collections.Generic;

using System.Text;

using System.Xml;

using System.Xml.Schema;

namespace ConsoleApplication1

{

publicclass Program

{

staticvoid DisplayNode(XmlNodexNode, string sIndent)

{

Console.WriteLine("{0}Node: {1}({2})",

sIndent, xNode.Name, xNode.Value);

if(xNode.Attributes != null)

foreach (XmlAttributexAtt in xNode.Attributes)

Console.WriteLine("{0}Attribute: {1}", sIndent, xAtt.Value);

if(xNode.HasChildNodes)

foreach (XmlNode_xNode in xNode.ChildNodes)

DisplayNode(_xNode, sIndent + " ");

}

staticpublic void Main()

{

XmlDocumentxDoc = new XmlDocument();

try{ xDoc.Load(@"C:\books.xml"); }

catch{ }

foreach(XmlNode xNode inxDoc.ChildNodes)

DisplayNode(xNode, string.Empty);

}

10、使用XMLDOCUMENT类验证XML文档

using System;

using System.Xml;

using System.Xml.Schema;

using System.Xml.XPath;

public class Program {

staticpublic void Main() {

XmlDocument xDoc = new XmlDocument();

try{ xDoc.Load(@"C:\books.xml"); } catch { }

xDoc.Schemas.Add( string.Empty,@"C:\books.xsd");

xDoc.Schemas.Compile();

ValidationEventHandlervalidator = ValidatingProblemHandler;

xDoc.Validate(validator);

}

staticvoid ValidatingProblemHandler(object sender,

ValidationEventArgse) {

if(e.Severity == XmlSeverityType.Warning) {

Console.Write("WARNING: "); Console.WriteLine(e.Message);

} elseif (e.Severity == XmlSeverityType.Error) {

Console.Write("ERROR: "); Console.WriteLine(e.Message);

}

11、使用XPath遍历和编辑XML文档

对内存中的DOM树(通过XmlDocument载入到内存中)应用Xpath表达式

using System;

using System.Collections.Generic;

using System.Text;

using System.Xml;

using System.Xml.Schema;

namespace ConsoleApplication1

{

publicclass Program

{

staticpublic void Main()

{

XmlDocumentxDoc = new XmlDocument();

try{ xDoc.Load(@"C:\books.xml"); }

catch{ }

XmlNodeListbooks = xDoc.SelectNodes(

@"/bookstore/book/author/first-name");

foreach(XmlNode book inbooks)

System.Console.WriteLine(book.OuterXml);

}

12、使用XPathNavigator实例来递归遍历用XpathDocument实例装载的XML文档

using System;

using System.Collections.Generic;

using System.Text;

using System.Xml;

using System.Xml.Schema;

using System.Xml.XPath;

namespace ConsoleApplication1

{

classProgram

{

staticvoid Main()

{

XPathDocumentdoc = new XPathDocument(@"C:\books.xml");

XPathNavigatornavigator = doc.CreateNavigator();

navigator.MoveToRoot();

DisplayRecursive(navigator, string.Empty);

}

static public voidDisplayRecursive(XPathNavigator navigator,

string indent)

{

if(navigator.HasChildren)

{

navigator.MoveToFirstChild();

DisplayNode(navigator,indent + " ");

DisplayRecursive(navigator, indent + " ");

navigator.MoveToParent();

}

while(navigator.MoveToNext())

{

DisplayNode(navigator, indent);

DisplayRecursive(navigator,indent);

}

staticprivate voidDisplayNode(XPathNavigator navigator, string indent)

{

if(navigator.NodeType == XPathNodeType.Text)

Console.WriteLine(indent + navigator.Value);

elseif (navigator.Name != String.Empty)

Console.WriteLine(indent + "<" + navigator.Name + ">");

}

13、使用XpathNodeIterator对象遍历Xpath的选择结果集

using System;

using System.Collections.Generic;

using System.Text;

using System.Xml;

using System.Xml.Schema;

using System.Xml.XPath;

namespace ConsoleApplication1

{

classProgram

{

staticvoid Main()

{

XPathDocumentdocument = new XPathDocument(@"C:\books.xml");

XPathNavigatornavigator = document.CreateNavigator();

XPathNodeIteratoriterator =

navigator.Select(@"/bookstore/book/author/first-name");

while(iterator.MoveNext())

System.Console.WriteLine("<"+ iterator.Current.Name + ">" +

iterator.Current.Value);

}

14、用XpathNavigator对象编辑XmlDocument对象

using System;

using System.Collections.Generic;

using System.Text;

using System.Xml;

using System.Xml.Schema;

using System.Xml.XPath;

namespace ConsoleApplication1

{

classProgram

{

staticvoid Main()

{

XmlDocumentxDoc = new XmlDocument();

try{ xDoc.Load(@"C:\books.xml"); }

catch{ }

XPathNavigatornavigator = xDoc.CreateNavigator();

navigator.MoveToRoot(); // Select the root.

if(navigator.MoveToFirstChild()) // Select <bookstore>.

if (navigator.MoveToFirstChild()) // Select

// <book>Autobiography...

navigator.InsertElementBefore(string.Empty,"book",

string.Empty, "Pratical.NET and C#");

xDoc.Save(@"C:\new_books.xml");

}

15、使用XSLT样式表转换XML文档

using System;

using System.Collections.Generic;

using System.Text;

using System.Xml;

using System.Xml.Xsl;

namespace ConsoleApplication1

{

classProgram

{

staticvoid Main()

{

System.Xml.XmlDocument xDoc = newSystem.Xml.XmlDocument();

xDoc.Load(@"C:\books.xml");

XslCompiledTransformxTrans = new XslCompiledTransform();

xTrans.Load(@"C:\books.xsl");

xTrans.Transform(xDoc, null, System.Console.Out);

}

16、使用dataset.writexml输出内存中数据集至xml文档中，连接关系型数据与XML文档的桥接器

using System;

using System.Collections.Generic;

using System.Text;

using System.Xml;

using System.Xml.Xsl;

using System.Data;

using System.Data.SqlClient;

namespace ConsoleApplication1

{

classProgram

{

staticvoid Main()

{

stringsCnx =

"server = localhost ; uid=sa ; pwd =000000; database= ORGANIZATION";

using(SqlConnection cnx = new SqlConnection(sCnx))

{

using (SqlDataAdapterdataAdapter = new SqlDataAdapter())

{

DataSet dataSet = newDataSet();

string sCmd = "SELECT* FROM EMPLOYEES";

dataAdapter.SelectCommand = new SqlCommand(sCmd, cnx);

dataAdapter.Fill(dataSet, "EMPLOYEES");

dataSet.WriteXml(@"C:\test.xml");

System.Console.WriteLine("-----------------------------");

dataSet.WriteXmlSchema(@"C:\test.xsd");

} // end using SqlDataAdapter

} // end using SqlConnection

}

17、使用XML文档填充Dataset

using System;

using System.Collections.Generic;

using System.Text;

using System.Xml;

using System.Xml.Xsl;

using System.Data;

using System.Data.SqlClient;

namespace ConsoleApplication1

{

classProgram

{

staticvoid Main()

{

stringsCnx =

"server = localhost ; uid=sa ; pwd =000000; database= ORGANIZATION";

using(SqlConnection cnx = new SqlConnection(sCnx))

{

using (SqlDataAdapterdataAdapter = new SqlDataAdapter())

{

DataSet dataSet = newDataSet();

// Build automatically commands for updates.

string sCmd = "SELECT* FROM EMPLOYEES WHERE EmployeeID=-1";

dataAdapter.SelectCommand= new SqlCommand(sCmd,cnx);

SqlCommandBuilder cmdBuilder =

new SqlCommandBuilder(dataAdapter);

// Build the EMPLOYEES table and insert lines from

// the dataFile.xml file.

dataSet.ReadXml(@"C:/DataFile.xml");

// Update the database.

dataAdapter.Update(dataSet, "EMPLOYEES");

} // end using SqlDataAdapter

} // end using SqlConnection

}

18、关于System.Xml.XmlDataDocument类

XML数据和Dataset可以相互转换，System.Xml.XmlDataDocument类(继承自XmlDocument)专门用于完成这一任务，为做到这点，我们必须把XmlDataDocument的实例绑定到Dataset，然后通过XmlDataDocument或者Dataset来操作数据。必须了解的是，他们在内部操作的是同一份数据。通过Dataset所做的修改会马上在XmlDataDocument上显现，反之亦然。

19、 XML和SQL Server

ADO.Net的SqlClient数据提供程序允许使用SQLXML。

using System;

using System.Collections.Generic;

using System.Text;

using System.Xml;

using System.Xml.Xsl;

using System.Data;

using System.Data.SqlClient;

using System.Data.Common;

namespace ConsoleApplication1

{

classProgram

{

staticvoid Main()

{

stringsCnx =

"server = localhost ; uid=sa ; pwd =; database =ORGANIZATION";

stringsCmd = "SELECT * FROM EMPLOYEES FOR XMLAUTO";

using(DbConnection cnx = newSqlConnection(sCnx))

{

using (SqlCommandcmd = new SqlCommand(sCmd,

cnx as SqlConnection))

{

cnx.Open();

System.Xml.XmlReader reader = cmd.ExecuteXmlReader();

while (reader.Read())

System.Console.WriteLine(reader.ReadOuterXml());

reader.Close();

} // end usingcmd.

} // end using cnx.

System.Console.Read();

}

20、连接对象与XML文档的桥梁----SYSTEM.Xml.XmlSeriallization类

有了System.Xml.XmlSeriallization类，你可以把几乎所有的.net对象序列化成XML。序列化机制有几个局限：

A、之序列化公共字段和属性

B、不考虑[SerialZable]attribute和ISerialzable接口

C、如果对象图存在至少一个循环引用，XmlSeriallizer无法序列化该对象图

using System;

using System.IO;

using System.Text;

using System.Xml;

using System.Xml.Serialization;

namespace ConsoleApplication1

{

publicclass book

{

publicstring genre { get{ return m_genre; } set{ m_genre = value; } }

privatestring m_genre;

publicstring title { get{ return m_title; } set{ m_title = value; } }

privatestring m_title;

publicdecimal price { get{ return m_price; } set{ m_price = value; } }

privatedecimal m_price;

}

publicclass Program

{

staticpublic void Main()

{

bookb1 = new book();

b1.genre = "autobiography";

b1.title = "The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin";

b1.price = 8.99M;

//Store the state of an instance of the 鈥榖ook鈥?class ...

//... in the 鈥榖ook.xml鈥?file.

FileStreamfs1 = File.OpenWrite("book.xml");

XmlSerializerxmls = new XmlSerializer(typeof(book));

xmls.Serialize(fs1, b1);

fs1.Close();

//Create an instance of the 鈥榖ook鈥?class ...

//... from the 鈥榖ook.xml鈥?file.

FileStreamfs2 = File.OpenRead("book.xml");

bookb2 = (book)xmls.Deserialize(fs2);

fs2.Close();

}

21、用于XML序列化的attribute

XmlRoot指定类或者结构作为根结点

XmlElement指定类的公共字段或属性序列化成Xml元素

XmlAttribute指定类的公共字段或属性序列化成XML属性而不是XML元素

XmlArrayItem指定类的实例可以被序列化到数组中

XmlIgnore指示不被序列化的公共字段或属性

22、Sgen.exe的用法(?)

23、Xsd.exe的用法（？）

posted on 2010-08-05 12:22 TsingCai 阅读(786) 评论(0) 编辑收藏举报

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