iOS中多线程的实现方案

什么是主线程?

一个iOS程序运行后,默认会开启一条线程,称为“主线程”或“UI线程”

 

主线程的主要作用

1.显示/刷新UI界面

2.处理UI事件(比如点击事件,滚动事件,拖拽事件)

 

主线程的使用注意

1.别将比较耗时的操作放在主线程中

2.耗时操作会卡在主线程中,严重影响UI的流畅程度

 

如图,将耗时操作放在主线程中,任务会按照串行顺序执行,在第五秒点击按钮之后,界面会卡住5秒

因为耗时操作还没有执行完,不能立即响应按钮的点击

 

 

1.pthread的使用

void *run(void *parme) {
    
    NSLog(@"%@",[NSThread currentThread]);
    
    
    for (int i = 0; i < 100000; i++) {
        NSLog(@"%d",i);
    }
    return NULL;
    
}

- (IBAction)btnClick:(id)sender {
    
    pthread_t thread;
    pthread_create(&thread, NULL, run, NULL);
    
}

 

2.NSThread的使用

- (void)touchesBegan:(NSSet<UITouch *> *)touches withEvent:(UIEvent *)event {
    [self createThread3];
}

//第一种创建方法
- (void)createThread1 {
    //需要几个线程就alloc几个
    NSThread *thread = [[NSThread alloc] initWithTarget:self selector:@selector(run:) object:@"第一种"];
    thread.name = @"one_thread";
    [thread start];
}
//第二种创建方法
- (void)createThread2 {
    
    [NSThread detachNewThreadSelector:@selector(run:) toTarget:self withObject:@"第二种"];
}

//第三种创建方法
- (void)createThread3 {
    
    [self performSelectorInBackground:@selector(run:) withObject:@"第三种"];
}

- (void)run:(NSString *)param {
    NSLog(@"______%@_____%@",param,[NSThread currentThread]);
}

 

3.GCD的使用

- (void)touchesBegan:(NSSet<UITouch *> *)touches withEvent:(UIEvent *)event {
    [self syncMain];
}

/**
 同步函数+主队列
 */
- (void)syncMain {
    dispatch_queue_t queue = dispatch_get_main_queue();
    
    NSLog(@"syncMain ---- begin");
    //将任务加入到队列
    dispatch_sync(queue, ^{
        NSLog(@"1----%@",[NSThread currentThread]);
    });
    dispatch_sync(queue, ^{
        NSLog(@"2----%@",[NSThread currentThread]);
    });
    dispatch_sync(queue, ^{
        NSLog(@"3----%@",[NSThread currentThread]);
    });
    
    NSLog(@"syncMain ---- end");
}

/**
 异步函数+主队列
 */
- (void)asyncMain {
    
    //异步函数用在主队列上就不会开线程了
    //获得串行队列
    dispatch_queue_t queue = dispatch_get_main_queue();
    
    //将任务加入到队列
    dispatch_async(queue, ^{
        NSLog(@"1----%@",[NSThread currentThread]);
    });
    dispatch_async(queue, ^{
        NSLog(@"2----%@",[NSThread currentThread]);
    });
    dispatch_async(queue, ^{
        NSLog(@"3----%@",[NSThread currentThread]);
    });
}

/**
 同步函数+串行队列:不会开启新的线程,在当前线程执行任务
 */
- (void)syncSerial {
    //创建串行队列
    dispatch_queue_t queue = dispatch_queue_create("com.520.queue", DISPATCH_QUEUE_SERIAL);
    
    //将任务加入到队列
    dispatch_sync(queue, ^{
        NSLog(@"1----%@",[NSThread currentThread]);
    });
    dispatch_sync(queue, ^{
        NSLog(@"2----%@",[NSThread currentThread]);
    });
    dispatch_sync(queue, ^{
        NSLog(@"3----%@",[NSThread currentThread]);
    });
}

/**
 异步函数+串行队列:会开启新的线程,但是任务是串行的,执行完一个任务,再执行下一个任务
 */
- (void)asyncSerial {
    //创建串行队列
    dispatch_queue_t queue = dispatch_queue_create("com.520.queue", DISPATCH_QUEUE_SERIAL);
    
    //将任务加入到队列
    dispatch_async(queue, ^{
        NSLog(@"1----%@",[NSThread currentThread]);
    });
    dispatch_async(queue, ^{
        NSLog(@"2----%@",[NSThread currentThread]);
    });
    dispatch_async(queue, ^{
        NSLog(@"3----%@",[NSThread currentThread]);
    });
}

/**
 同步函数+并发队列:不会开启线程,不能
 */
- (void)syncConcurrent {
    //获得全局的并发队列
    dispatch_queue_t queue = dispatch_get_global_queue(DISPATCH_QUEUE_PRIORITY_DEFAULT, 0);
    
    //将任务添加到队列
    dispatch_async(queue, ^{
        NSLog(@"1----%@",[NSThread currentThread]);
    });

    dispatch_async(queue, ^{
        NSLog(@"1----%@",[NSThread currentThread]);
    });
    dispatch_async(queue, ^{
        NSLog(@"1----%@",[NSThread currentThread]);
    });
}

/**
 异步函数+并发队列:可以同时开启多条线程
 */
- (void)asycConcurrent {
    //创建一个队列
    //第一个参数是标签等同于名字
    //第二个参数传串行还是并行
//    dispatch_queue_t queue = dispatch_queue_create("img.download", DISPATCH_QUEUE_CONCURRENT);

    //获得全局的并发队列
    dispatch_queue_t queue = dispatch_get_global_queue(DISPATCH_QUEUE_PRIORITY_DEFAULT, 0);
    
    //将任务添加到队列
    dispatch_async(queue, ^{
        for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
            NSLog(@"1----%@",[NSThread currentThread]);
        }
    });
    
    //将任务添加到队列
    dispatch_async(queue, ^{
        for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
            NSLog(@"2----%@",[NSThread currentThread]);
        }
    });
    
    //将任务添加到队列
    dispatch_async(queue, ^{
        for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
            NSLog(@"3----%@",[NSThread currentThread]);
        }
    });
}
View Code

在使用GCD时,主要分为两步

1.定制任务

2.将任务添加到队列

 

这里还需要区分下同步,异步,并行,串行

同步异步:影响是否开启新的线程

并行串行:影响任务的执行方式

 

 

4.NSOperation的使用

NSOperation是抽象类,并不具备封装操作,必须使用它的子类

 

使用NSOperation子类的方式有三种

1.NSInvocationOperation

2.NSBlockOperation

3.自定义子类继承NSOperation,实现内部响应的方法

 

- (void)touchesBegan:(NSSet<UITouch *> *)touches withEvent:(UIEvent *)event {
    
    //创建队列
    NSOperationQueue *queue = [[NSOperationQueue alloc] init];
    
    //创建任务1(invocationOperation方法)
    NSInvocationOperation *op1 = [[NSInvocationOperation alloc] initWithTarget:self selector:@selector(download1) object:nil];
 
    
    //创建任务2(blockOperation方法)
    NSBlockOperation *op2 = [NSBlockOperation blockOperationWithBlock:^{
        NSLog(@"download2----%@",[NSThread currentThread]);
    }];
    
    [op2 addExecutionBlock:^{
        NSLog(@"download3----%@",[NSThread currentThread]);
    }];
    
    
    //创建任务3(自定义方法)
    DDZOperation *op3 = [[DDZOperation alloc] init];
    
    //添加任务到队列中
    [queue addOperation:op1];//内部自动调start方法
    [queue addOperation:op2];
    [queue addOperation:op3];
}

- (void)download1 {
    NSLog(@"download1----%@",[NSThread currentThread]);
}
View Code

 

补充在自定义的DDZOperation中只有实现main方法才会开启线程处理任务

 

@implementation DDZOperation

- (void)main {
    NSLog(@"自定义-----%@",[NSThread currentThread]);
}

 

posted @ 2016-03-25 14:37  blue-fly  阅读(391)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报