长度
str='this is a test str.'
expr length "${str}"
结果: "19"
expr "${str}" : '.*'
结果: "19"
拼接
截取--索引
str='this is a test str.'
expr substr "${str}" 2 6
结果: "his is"
截取--子字符串
str='this is a test str.'
expr "${str}" : '\(.*\)s is\(.*\)'
结果: "thi"
位置
str='this is a test str.'
expr "${str}" : 'thi.'
结果: "4"
expr "${str}" : '.*is*'
结果: "7"
模式匹配
str='this is a test str.'
#开头匹配截取
expr "${str}" : 'this\(.*\)'
结果:" is a test str."
# 截取匹配后置
expr "${str}" : '.*is\(.*\)'
结果:" a test str."
# 截取匹配前置
expr "${str}" : '\(.*\)test*'
结果:"this is a "