.NET下免费开源的PDF类库（PDFSharp）
前言
目前.NET 体系下常见的PDF类库有Aspose、QuestPDF、Spire、iTextSharp等，有一说一都挺好用的，我个人特别喜欢QuestPDF它基于 C# Fluent API 提供全面的布局引擎；但是这些库要么属于商业库价格不菲（能理解收费），但是年费太贵了。要么是有条件限制开源的，如Spire开源版本有各种限制。iTextSharp虽然没有限制，但是开源协议不友好（AGPL），用于闭源商业软件属于要挂耻辱柱的行为了。
无意间发现了另一款基于.NET6的跨平台、免费开源（MIT协议）pdf处理库：PDFSharp，该库还有基于.NET Framework的版本https://pdfsharp.net/ ，.NET6版本好像是去年刚发布的，还有一个较为活跃的社区https://forum.pdfsharp.net/。
尝试使用了下，还不错，该有的都有，简单的pdf文件可以直接使用PDFSharp库生成，复杂点的则提供了MigraDoc来编辑。我自己的小应用都已经上生成环境了，个人觉得该库是挺ok的了。
.NET Framework文档站点下有很多例子大家可以看看：
我的使用方式较为粗暴，使用MigraDoc编辑文档表格，再生成PDF文件。有时间再尝试封装个类似于QuestPDF的扩展库，太喜欢Fluent这种形式了。
代码例子
让我们来制作下图的pdf吧
新建一个项目，通过Nuget引入PDFsharp、PDFsharp-MigraDoc，
若用System.Drawing图形库则不用引用SkiaSharp，我的例子使用SkiaSharp图形库便于跨平台。
首先是字体的导入
- 因为PDFSharp本身不支持中文字体，但提供了自定义解析器的处理，所以我们先实现下中文字体解析器。先将黑体作为嵌入资源导入项目中，路径是/Fonts/下
- 新建一个文件ChineseFontResolver.cs用来实现我们的中文解析器
using PdfSharp.Fonts;
using System.Reflection;
namespace pdfsharpDemo;
/// <summary>
/// 中文字体解析器
/// </summary>
public class ChineseFontResolver : IFontResolver
{
/// <summary>
/// 字体作为嵌入资源所在程序集
/// </summary>
public static string FontAssemblyString { get; set; } = "pdfsharpDemo";
/// <summary>
/// 字体作为嵌入资源所在命名空间
/// </summary>
public static string FontNamespace { get; set; } = "pdfsharpDemo.Fonts";
/// <summary>
/// 字体名称
/// </summary>
public static class FamilyNames
{
// This implementation considers each font face as its own family.
/// <summary>
/// 仿宋
/// </summary>
public const string SIMFANG = "simfang.ttf";
/// <summary>
/// 黑体
/// </summary>
public const string SIMHEI = "simhei.ttf";
/// <summary>
/// 楷书
/// </summary>
public const string SIMKAI = "simkai.ttf";
/// <summary>
/// 隶书
/// </summary>
public const string SIMLI = "simli.ttf";
/// <summary>
/// 宋体
/// </summary>
public const string SIMSUN = "simsun.ttf";
/// <summary>
/// 宋体加粗
/// </summary>
public const string SIMSUNB = "simsunb.ttf";
/// <summary>
/// 幼圆
/// </summary>
public const string SIMYOU = "simyou.ttf";
}
/// <summary>
/// Selects a physical font face based on the specified information
/// of a required typeface.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="familyName">Name of the font family.</param>
/// <param name="isBold">Set to <c>true</c> when a bold font face
/// is required.</param>
/// <param name="isItalic">Set to <c>true</c> when an italic font face
/// is required.</param>
/// <returns>
/// Information about the physical font, or null if the request cannot be satisfied.
/// </returns>
public FontResolverInfo? ResolveTypeface(string familyName, bool isBold, bool isItalic)
{
// Note: PDFsharp calls ResolveTypeface only once for each unique combination
// of familyName, isBold, and isItalic.
return new FontResolverInfo(familyName, isBold, isItalic);
// Return null means that the typeface cannot be resolved and PDFsharp forwards
// the typeface request depending on PDFsharp build flavor and operating system.
// Alternatively forward call to PlatformFontResolver.
//return PlatformFontResolver.ResolveTypeface(familyName, isBold, isItalic);
}
/// <summary>
/// Gets the bytes of a physical font face with specified face name.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="faceName">A face name previously retrieved by ResolveTypeface.</param>
/// <returns>
/// The bits of the font.
/// </returns>
public byte[]? GetFont(string faceName)
{
// Note: PDFsharp never calls GetFont twice with the same face name.
// Note: If a typeface is resolved by the PlatformFontResolver.ResolveTypeface
// you never come here.
var name = $"{FontNamespace}.{faceName}";
using Stream stream = Assembly.Load(FontAssemblyString).GetManifestResourceStream(name) ?? throw new ArgumentException("No resource named '" + name + "'.");
int num = (int)stream.Length;
byte[] array = new byte[num];
stream.Read(array, 0, num);
// Return the bytes of a font.
return array;
}
}
好了，开始制作我们的pdf吧
// See https://aka.ms/new-console-template for more information
using Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration;
using MigraDoc.DocumentObjectModel;
using MigraDoc.DocumentObjectModel.Tables;
using MigraDoc.Rendering;
using PdfSharp.Drawing;
using PdfSharp.Fonts;
using PdfSharp.Pdf;
using PdfSharp.Pdf.IO;
using pdfsharpDemo;
using SkiaSharp;
using System;
using System.IO;
using static pdfsharpDemo.ChineseFontResolver;
Console.WriteLine("Hello, PDFSharp!");
// 设置PDFSharp全局字体为自定义解析器
GlobalFontSettings.FontResolver = new ChineseFontResolver();
#region pdf页面的基本设置
var document = new Document();
var _style = document.Styles["Normal"];//整体样式
_style.Font.Name = FamilyNames.SIMHEI;
_style.Font.Size = 10;
var _tableStyle = document.Styles.AddStyle("Table", "Normal");//表格样式
_tableStyle.Font.Name = _style.Font.Name;
_tableStyle.Font.Size = _style.Font.Size;
var _section = document.AddSection();
_section.PageSetup = document.DefaultPageSetup.Clone();
_section.PageSetup.PageFormat = PageFormat.A4; //A4纸规格
_section.PageSetup.Orientation = Orientation.Landscape;//纸张方向：横向，默认是竖向
_section.PageSetup.TopMargin = 50f;//上边距 50
_section.PageSetup.LeftMargin = 25f;//左边距 20
#endregion
//这里采用三个表格实现标题栏、表格内容、底栏提示
//创建一个表格，并且设置边距
var topTable = _section.AddTable();
topTable.Style = _style.Name;
topTable.TopPadding = 0;
topTable.BottomPadding = 3;
topTable.LeftPadding = 0;
var tableWidth = _section.PageSetup.PageHeight - _section.PageSetup.LeftMargin * 2;
// 标题栏分为三格
float[] topTableWidths = [tableWidth / 2, tableWidth / 2];
//生成对应的二列，并设置宽度
foreach (var item in topTableWidths)
{
var column = topTable.AddColumn();
column.Width = item;
}
//生成行，设置标题
var titleRow = topTable.AddRow();
titleRow.Cells[0].MergeRight = 1;//向右跨一列（合并列）
titleRow.Cells[0].Format.Alignment = ParagraphAlignment.Center;//元素居中
var parVlaue = titleRow.Cells[0].AddParagraph();
parVlaue.Format = new ParagraphFormat();
parVlaue.Format.Font.Bold = true;//粗体
parVlaue.Format.Font.Size = 16;//字体大小
parVlaue.AddText("我的第一个PDFSharp例子");
//生成标题行，这里我们设置两行
var row2 = topTable.AddRow();
var noCell = row2.Cells[0];
noCell.Format.Alignment = ParagraphAlignment.Left;
noCell.AddParagraph().AddText($"编号：00000001");
var orgNameCell = row2.Cells[1];
orgNameCell.Format.Alignment = ParagraphAlignment.Right;
orgNameCell.AddParagraph().AddText("单位：PDFSharp研究小组");
var row3 = topTable.AddRow();
var createAtCell = row3.Cells[0];
createAtCell.Format.Alignment = ParagraphAlignment.Left;
createAtCell.AddParagraph().AddText($"查询时间：{DateTime.Now.AddDays(-1):yyyy年MM月dd日 HH:mm}");
var printTimeCell = row3.Cells[1];
printTimeCell.Format.Alignment = ParagraphAlignment.Right;
printTimeCell.AddParagraph().AddText($"打印时间：{DateTime.Now:yyyy年MM月dd日 HH:mm}");
//表格内容
var contentTable = _section.AddTable();
contentTable.Style = _style.Name;
contentTable.Borders = new Borders
{
Color = Colors.Black,
Width = 0.25
};
contentTable.Borders.Left.Width = 0.5;
contentTable.Borders.Right.Width = 0.5;
contentTable.TopPadding = 6;
contentTable.BottomPadding = 0;
//这里设置8列好了
var tableWidths = new float[8];
tableWidths[0] = 30;
tableWidths[1] = 60;
tableWidths[2] = 40;
tableWidths[5] = 60;
tableWidths[6] = 80;
float w2 = (_section.PageSetup.PageHeight - (_section.PageSetup.LeftMargin * 2) - tableWidths.Sum()) / 2;//假装自适应，哈哈哈
tableWidths[3] = w2;
tableWidths[4] = w2;
//生成列
foreach (var item in tableWidths)
{
var column = contentTable.AddColumn();
column.Width = item;
column.Format.Alignment = ParagraphAlignment.Center;
}
//生成标题行
var headRow = contentTable.AddRow();
headRow.TopPadding = 6;
headRow.BottomPadding = 6;
headRow.Format.Font.Bold = true;
headRow.Format.Font.Size = "12";
headRow.VerticalAlignment = VerticalAlignment.Center;
headRow.Cells[0].AddParagraph().AddText("序号");
headRow.Cells[1].AddParagraph().AddText("姓名");
headRow.Cells[2].AddParagraph().AddText("性别");
headRow.Cells[3].AddParagraph().AddText("家庭地址");
headRow.Cells[4].AddParagraph().AddText("工作单位");
var cParVlaue = headRow.Cells[5].AddParagraph();
"银行卡总额（元）".ToList()?.ForEach(o => cParVlaue.AddChar(o));//自动换行 使用AddChar
headRow.Cells[6].AddParagraph().AddText("联系电话");
//内容列，随便填点吧 用元组实现，懒得搞个类了
List<(string name, string sex, string addree, string workplace, decimal? amount, string phone)> contentData = new()
{
new () {name="张珊",sex="女",addree="市政府宿舍",workplace="市政府",amount=12002M,phone="138********3333"},
new () {name="李思",sex="女",addree="省政府宿舍大楼下的小破店旁边的垃圾桶前面的别墅",workplace="省教育局",amount=220000M,phone="158********3456"},
new () {name="王武",sex="男",addree="凤凰村",workplace="老破小公司",amount=-8765M,phone="199********6543"},
new () {name="",sex="",addree="",workplace="",amount=null,phone=""},
};
var index = 1;
foreach (var (name, sex, addree, workplace, amount, phone) in contentData)
{
var dataRow = contentTable.AddRow();
dataRow.TopPadding = 6;
dataRow.BottomPadding = 6;
dataRow.Cells[0].AddParagraph().AddText($"{index++}");
dataRow.Cells[1].AddParagraph().AddText(name);
dataRow.Cells[2].AddParagraph().AddText(sex);
var addreeParVlaue = dataRow.Cells[3].AddParagraph();
addree?.ToList()?.ForEach(o => addreeParVlaue.AddChar(o));//自动换行 使用AddChar
dataRow.Cells[4].AddParagraph().AddText(workplace);
dataRow.Cells[5].AddParagraph().AddText(amount?.ToString() ?? "");
dataRow.Cells[6].AddParagraph().AddText(phone);
}
//空白 段落 分隔下间距
Paragraph paragraph = new();// 设置段落格式
paragraph.Format.SpaceBefore = "18pt"; // 设置空行高度为 12 磅
document.LastSection.Add(paragraph); // 将段落添加到文档中
//底栏提示
var tipsTable = _section.AddTable();
tipsTable.Style = _style.Name;
tipsTable.TopPadding = 3;
var tipsTableColumn = tipsTable.AddColumn();
tipsTableColumn.Width = _section.PageSetup.PageHeight - _section.PageSetup.LeftMargin * 2;
var tipsParagraph = tipsTable.AddRow().Cells[0].AddParagraph();
tipsParagraph.Format.Font.Bold = true;
tipsParagraph.Format.Font.Color = Colors.Red; //设置红色
tipsParagraph.AddText($"注：隐私信息是我们必须要注重的废话连篇的东西，切记切记，不可忽视，因小失大;");
#region 页码
_section.PageSetup.DifferentFirstPageHeaderFooter = false;
var pager = _section.Footers.Primary.AddParagraph();
pager.AddText($"第\t");
pager.AddPageField();
pager.AddText($"\t页");
pager.Format.Alignment = ParagraphAlignment.Center;
#endregion
//生成PDF
var pdfRenderer = new PdfDocumentRenderer();
using var memoryStream = new MemoryStream();
pdfRenderer.Document = document;
pdfRenderer.RenderDocument();
pdfRenderer.PdfDocument.Save(memoryStream);
var pdfDocument = PdfReader.Open(memoryStream);
//为了跨平台 用的是SkiaSharp，大家自己转为System.Drawing实现即可，较为简单就不写了
#region 水印
using var watermarkMemoryStream = new MemoryStream();
var watermarkImgPath = "D:\\logo.png";
using var watermarkFile = System.IO.File.OpenRead(watermarkImgPath);// 读取文件
using var fileStream = new SKManagedStream(watermarkFile);
using var bitmap = SKBitmap.Decode(fileStream);
//设置半透明
var transparent = new SKColor(0, 0, 0, 0);
for (int w = 0; w < bitmap.Width; w++)
{
for (int h = 0; h < bitmap.Height; h++)
{
SKColor c = bitmap.GetPixel(w, h);
SKColor newC = c.Equals(transparent) ? c : new SKColor(c.Red, c.Green, c.Blue, 70);
bitmap.SetPixel(w, h, newC);
}
}
using var resized = bitmap.Resize(new SKImageInfo(200, 80), SKFilterQuality.High);
using var newImage = SKImage.FromBitmap(resized);
newImage.Encode(SKEncodedImageFormat.Png, 90).SaveTo(watermarkMemoryStream); // 保存文件
using var image = XImage.FromStream(watermarkMemoryStream);
var xPoints = 6;
var yPoints = 4;
for (int i = 0; i <= xPoints; i++)
{
var xPoint = image.PointWidth * i * 1.2;
var xTranslateTransform = xPoint + image.PointWidth / 2;
for (int j = 0; j <= yPoints; j++)
{
var yPoint = image.PointHeight * j * 1.2;
var yTranslateTransform = yPoint + image.PointHeight / 8;
foreach (var page in pdfDocument.Pages)
{
using var xgr = XGraphics.FromPdfPage(page, XGraphicsPdfPageOptions.Prepend);
xgr.TranslateTransform(xTranslateTransform, yTranslateTransform);
xgr.RotateTransform(-45);
xgr.TranslateTransform(-xTranslateTransform, -yTranslateTransform);
xgr.DrawImage(image, xPoint, yPoint, 200, 80);
}
}
}
#endregion
pdfDocument.Save(memoryStream);
var outputPdfFilePath = "D:\\pdfdemo.pdf";
//保存到本地
using var fs = new FileStream(outputPdfFilePath, FileMode.Create);
byte[] bytes = new byte[memoryStream.Length];
memoryStream.Seek(0, SeekOrigin.Begin);
memoryStream.Read(bytes, 0, (int)memoryStream.Length);
fs.Write(bytes, 0, bytes.Length);
Console.WriteLine("生成成功!");
至此我们就制作好了一个简单的pdf，当然了这里没有加上文件信息那些，仅仅是生成内容罢了，有那些需要的可以自己根据文档站点看看如何设置。
上述代码的源码地址：https://gitee.com/huangguishen/MyFile/tree/master/PDFSharpDemo
