Filter类

Filter类其实也是servlet,它的作用是客户端请求到达时未达到servlet处理前拦截请求,可以对HttpServletRequest进行预处理,然后再把请求转交给后续的servlet处理;它也可会HttpServletResponse返回客户端前进行后处理。

Filter的通常用法:

1.用户授权判断,当用户请求达到时,验证用户是否已通过登录授权。

2.日志记录处理,记录用户特殊用户请求。

3.解码处理,负责对请求的内容统一进行解码。

Filter类需要实现javax.servlet.Filter接口,该接口有3个方法:init()、doFilter()、destroy()。

 Filter的配置:

1.可以使用注释方式,在filter类前使用@WebFilter注释,filterName属性指定filter名称,urlPatterns属性指定过滤路径。

2.在web.xml中配置方式

 

以使用Filter实际用户授权控制实例:

目录结构如下

security目录下的资源需要授权后再能方式

login.jsp为登录页面,为了不引入新技术,没有使用struts,只使用html表单,表单的处理为login_proc.jsp。

login_proc.jsp为登录的处理页面(本应该使用servlet或者MVC框架来处理,为了省事而直接使用jsp页面,jsp其本质也是servlet),当用户名和密码均为admin时表示登录成功。

error.jsp为未授权访问security的提示页面。

firstfilter.java为Filter类,实现security访问授权控制。

 security/index.jsp文件内容:

 1 <%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8"
 2     pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
 3 <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
 4 <html>
 5 <head>
 6 <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
 7 <title>授权访问首页</title>
 8 </head>
 9 <body>
10 <% out.println("你好," + session.getAttribute("userName") + "!"); %>
11 </body>
12 </html>
security/index.jsp
 1 <%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8"
 2     pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
 3 <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
 4 <html>
 5 <head>
 6 <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
 7 <title>用户登录</title>
 8 </head>
 9 <body>
10     <form action="login_proc.jsp" method="post">
11         用户名:<input type="text" name="userName" value=""></input><br/>
12         密码:<input type="password" name="passWord" value=""></input><br/><br/>
13         <input type="submit" value="提交"/>
14         
15     </form>
16 </body>
17 </html>
login.jsp
 1 <%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8"
 2     pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
 3 <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
 4 <html>
 5 <head>
 6 <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
 7 <title>Filter实例</title>
 8 </head>
 9 <body>
10 <% 
11     String userName = request.getParameter("userName");
12     String passWord = request.getParameter("passWord");
13     out.println(userName);
14     out.println(passWord);
15     if(userName.equals("admin") && passWord.equals("admin"))
16     {
17         session.setAttribute("userName", userName);
18         response.sendRedirect("security/index.jsp");
19     }
20     else
21     {
22         response.sendRedirect("login.jsp");
23     }
24 %>
25 </body>
26 </html>
login_proc.jsp
 1 <%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8"
 2     pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
 3 <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
 4 <html>
 5 <head>
 6 <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
 7 <title>不好意思,出错了!</title>
 8 </head>
 9 <body>
10 你还没有登录,请先<a href="login.jsp" name=login >登录</a>11 
12 </body>
13 </html>
error.jsp
 1 package com.info.filter;
 2 
 3 import java.io.IOException;
 4 
 5 import javax.servlet.Filter;
 6 import javax.servlet.FilterChain;
 7 import javax.servlet.FilterConfig;
 8 import javax.servlet.ServletContext;
 9 import javax.servlet.ServletException;
10 import javax.servlet.ServletRequest;
11 import javax.servlet.ServletResponse;
12 import javax.servlet.annotation.WebFilter;
13 import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
14 import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
15 import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;
16 import javax.websocket.Session;
17 
18 @WebFilter(filterName="firstfilter"
19             ,urlPatterns={"/security/*"})
20 public class firstfilter implements Filter {
21     
22     private FilterConfig config;
23 
24     @Override
25     public void destroy() {
26         // TODO Auto-generated method stub
27         this.config = null;
28         
29     }
30 
31     @Override
32     public void doFilter(ServletRequest request1, ServletResponse response1, FilterChain chain)
33             throws IOException, ServletException {
34         // TODO Auto-generated method stub
35         
36         HttpServletRequest request = (HttpServletRequest) request1;
37         HttpServletResponse response = (HttpServletResponse) response1;
38         
39         ServletContext context = this.config.getServletContext();
40         
41         HttpSession hsesson = request.getSession();
42         if(hsesson.getAttribute("userName")==null || hsesson.getAttribute("userName").equals(""))
43         {
44             response.sendRedirect("/filterdemo/error.jsp");
45         }
46         else
47         {
48             //将请求继续传递直至达到最终访问资源
49             chain.doFilter(request1, response1);
50         }
51         
52         
53         //--------------------Filter后处理开始-------------------------//
54         //TODO
55     }
56 
57     @Override
58     public void init(FilterConfig config) throws ServletException {
59         // TODO Auto-generated method stub
60         
61         this.config=config;
62         
63     }
64 
65 }
firstfilter.java
 1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
 2 <web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="3.1">
 3   <display-name>filterdemo</display-name>
 4   <welcome-file-list>
 5     <welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>
 6     <welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file>
 7     <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
 8     <welcome-file>default.html</welcome-file>
 9     <welcome-file>default.htm</welcome-file>
10     <welcome-file>default.jsp</welcome-file>
11   </welcome-file-list>
12   <filter>
13       <filter-name>firstfilter</filter-name>
14       <filter-class>com.info.filter.firstfilter</filter-class>
15   </filter>
16   <filter-mapping>
17       <filter-name>firstfilter</filter-name>
18       <url-pattern>/security/*</url-pattern>
19   </filter-mapping>
20 </web-app>
web.xml

 

注:web.xml中配置了filter类,则filter类中的注释则无效。

 

运行效果:

 

由于没有登录,Filter将请求转向error.jsp错误页面。

 

 

登录成功后,授权页面访问成功!

 

代码下载地址:http://pan.baidu.com/s/1jIx03K6

posted on 2016-09-15 22:20  pcant  阅读(1838)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报