pip3 install pymysql

1、执行SQL

 1 #!/usr/bin/env pytho
 2 # -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
 3 import pymysql
 4   
 5 # 创建连接
 6 conn = pymysql.connect(host='127.0.0.1', port=3306, user='root', passwd='', db='tkq1', charset='utf8')
 7 # 创建游标
 8 cursor = conn.cursor()
 9   
10 # 执行SQL，并返回收影响行数
11 effect_row = cursor.execute("select * from tb7")
12   
13 # 执行SQL，并返回受影响行数
14 #effect_row = cursor.execute("update tb7 set pass = '123' where nid = %s", (11,))
15   
16 # 执行SQL，并返回受影响行数,执行多次
17 #effect_row = cursor.executemany("insert into tb7(user,pass,licnese)values(%s,%s,%s)", [("u1","u1pass","11111"),("u2","u2pass","22222")])
18   
19   
20 # 提交，不然无法保存新建或者修改的数据
21 conn.commit()
22   
23 # 关闭游标
24 cursor.close()
25 # 关闭连接
26 conn.close()
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注意：存在中文的时候，连接需要添加charset='utf8'，否则中文显示乱码。

2、获取查询数据

 1 #! /usr/bin/env python
 2 # -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
 3 # __author__ = "TKQ"
 4 import pymysql
 5  
 6 conn = pymysql.connect(host='127.0.0.1', port=3306, user='root', passwd='', db='tkq1')
 7 cursor = conn.cursor()
 8 cursor.execute("select * from tb7")
 9  
10 # 获取剩余结果的第一行数据
11 row_1 = cursor.fetchone()
12 print row_1
13 # 获取剩余结果前n行数据
14 # row_2 = cursor.fetchmany(3)
15  
16 # 获取剩余结果所有数据
17 # row_3 = cursor.fetchall()
18  
19 conn.commit()
20 cursor.close()
21 conn.close()
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3、获取新创建数据自增ID

 1 #! /usr/bin/env python
 2 # -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
 3 # __author__ = "TKQ"
 4 import pymysql
 5  
 6 conn = pymysql.connect(host='127.0.0.1', port=3306, user='root', passwd='', db='tkq1')
 7 cursor = conn.cursor()
 8 effect_row = cursor.executemany("insert into tb7(user,pass,licnese)values(%s,%s,%s)", [("u3","u3pass","11113"),("u4","u4pass","22224")])
 9 conn.commit()
10 cursor.close()
11 conn.close()
12 #获取自增id
13 new_id = cursor.lastrowid      
14 print new_id
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4、移动游标

操作都是靠游标，那对游标的控制也是必须的

1 注：在fetch数据时按照顺序进行，可以使用cursor.scroll(num,mode)来移动游标位置，如：
2  
3 cursor.scroll(1,mode='relative') # 相对当前位置移动
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5、fetch数据类型

关于默认获取的数据是元祖类型，如果想要或者字典类型的数据，即：

 1 #! /usr/bin/env python
 2 # -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
 3 # __author__ = "TKQ"
 4 import pymysql
 5  
 6 conn = pymysql.connect(host='127.0.0.1', port=3306, user='root', passwd='', db='tkq1')
 7 #游标设置为字典类型
 8 cursor = conn.cursor(cursor=pymysql.cursors.DictCursor)
 9 cursor.execute("select * from tb7")
10  
11 row_1 = cursor.fetchone()
12 print row_1　　#{u'licnese': 213, u'user': '123', u'nid': 10, u'pass': '213'}
13  
14 conn.commit()
15 cursor.close()
16 conn.close()
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6、调用存储过程

a、调用无参存储过程

 1 #! /usr/bin/env python
 2 # -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
 3 # __author__ = "TKQ"
 4  
 5 import pymysql
 6  
 7 conn = pymysql.connect(host='127.0.0.1', port=3306, user='root', passwd='', db='tkq1')
 8 #游标设置为字典类型
 9 cursor = conn.cursor(cursor=pymysql.cursors.DictCursor)
10 #无参数存储过程
11 cursor.callproc('p2')  #等价于cursor.execute("call p2()")
12  
13 row_1 = cursor.fetchone()
14 print row_1
15  
16  
17 conn.commit()
18 cursor.close()
19 conn.close()
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b、调用有参存储过程

 1 #! /usr/bin/env python
 2 # -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
 3 # __author__ = "TKQ"
 4  
 5 import pymysql
 6  
 7 conn = pymysql.connect(host='127.0.0.1', port=3306, user='root', passwd='', db='tkq1')
 8 cursor = conn.cursor(cursor=pymysql.cursors.DictCursor)
 9  
10 cursor.callproc('p1', args=(1, 22, 3, 4))
11 #获取执行完存储的参数,参数@开头
12 cursor.execute("select @p1,@_p1_1,@_p1_2,@_p1_3")  #{u'@_p1_1': 22, u'@p1': None, u'@_p1_2': 103, u'@_p1_3': 24}
13 row_1 = cursor.fetchone()
14 print row_1
15  
16  
17 conn.commit()
18 cursor.close()
19 conn.close()
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三、关于pymysql防注入

 1、字符串拼接查询，造成注入

正常查询语句：

 1 #! /usr/bin/env python
 2 # -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
 3 # __author__ = "TKQ"
 4 import pymysql
 5  
 6 conn = pymysql.connect(host='127.0.0.1', port=3306, user='root', passwd='', db='tkq1')
 7 cursor = conn.cursor()
 8 user="u1"
 9 passwd="u1pass"
10 #正常构造语句的情况
11 sql="select user,pass from tb7 where user='%s' and pass='%s'" % (user,passwd)
12 #sql=select user,pass from tb7 where user='u1' and pass='u1pass'
13 row_count=cursor.execute(sql) row_1 = cursor.fetchone()
14 print row_count,row_1
15  
16 conn.commit()
17 cursor.close()
18 conn.close()
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构造注入语句：

 1 #! /usr/bin/env python
 2 # -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
 3 # __author__ = "TKQ"
 4 import pymysql
 5  
 6 conn = pymysql.connect(host='127.0.0.1', port=3306, user='root', passwd='', db='tkq1')
 7 cursor = conn.cursor()
 8  
 9 user="u1' or '1'-- "
10 passwd="u1pass"
11 sql="select user,pass from tb7 where user='%s' and pass='%s'" % (user,passwd)
12  
13 #拼接语句被构造成下面这样，永真条件，此时就注入成功了。因此要避免这种情况需使用pymysql提供的参数化查询。
14 #select user,pass from tb7 where user='u1' or '1'-- ' and pass='u1pass'
15  
16 row_count=cursor.execute(sql)
17 row_1 = cursor.fetchone()
18 print row_count,row_1
19  
20  
21 conn.commit()
22 cursor.close()
23 conn.close()
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 2、避免注入，使用pymysql提供的参数化语句

正常参数化查询

 1 #! /usr/bin/env python
 2 # -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
 3 # __author__ = "TKQ"
 4  
 5 import pymysql
 6  
 7 conn = pymysql.connect(host='127.0.0.1', port=3306, user='root', passwd='', db='tkq1')
 8 cursor = conn.cursor()
 9 user="u1"
10 passwd="u1pass"
11 #执行参数化查询
12 row_count=cursor.execute("select user,pass from tb7 where user=%s and pass=%s",(user,passwd))
13 row_1 = cursor.fetchone()
14 print row_count,row_1
15  
16 conn.commit()
17 cursor.close()
18 conn.close()
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构造注入，参数化查询注入失败。

 1 #! /usr/bin/env python
 2 # -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
 3 # __author__ = "TKQ"
 4 import pymysql
 5  
 6 conn = pymysql.connect(host='127.0.0.1', port=3306, user='root', passwd='', db='tkq1')
 7 cursor = conn.cursor()
 8  
 9 user="u1' or '1'-- "
10 passwd="u1pass"
11 #执行参数化查询
12 row_count=cursor.execute("select user,pass from tb7 where user=%s and pass=%s",(user,passwd))
13 #内部执行参数化生成的SQL语句，对特殊字符进行了加\转义，避免注入语句生成。
14 # sql=cursor.mogrify("select user,pass from tb7 where user=%s and pass=%s",(user,passwd))
15 # print sql
16 #select user,pass from tb7 where user='u1\' or \'1\'-- ' and pass='u1pass'被转义的语句。
17  
18 row_1 = cursor.fetchone()
19 print row_count,row_1
20  
21 conn.commit()
22 cursor.close()
23 conn.close()
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结论：excute执行SQL语句的时候，必须使用参数化的方式，否则必然产生SQL注入漏洞。

3、使用存mysql储过程动态执行SQL防注入

使用MYSQL存储过程自动提供防注入，动态传入SQL到存储过程执行语句。

 1 delimiter \\
 2 DROP PROCEDURE IF EXISTS proc_sql \\
 3 CREATE PROCEDURE proc_sql (
 4   in nid1 INT,
 5   in nid2 INT,
 6   in callsql VARCHAR(255)
 7   )
 8 BEGIN
 9   set @nid1 = nid1;
10   set @nid2 = nid2;
11   set @callsql = callsql;
12     PREPARE myprod FROM @callsql;
13 --   PREPARE prod FROM 'select * from tb2 where nid>? and nid<?';  传入的值为字符串，？为占位符
14 --   用@p1，和@p2填充占位符
15     EXECUTE myprod USING @nid1,@nid2;
16   DEALLOCATE prepare myprod;
17  
18 END\\
19 delimiter ;
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1 set @nid1=12;
2 set @nid2=15;
3 set @callsql = 'select * from tb7 where nid>? and nid<?';
4 CALL proc_sql(@nid1,@nid2,@callsql)
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pymsql中调用

 1 #! /usr/bin/env python
 2 # -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
 3 # __author__ = "TKQ"
 4 import pymysql
 5  
 6 conn = pymysql.connect(host='127.0.0.1', port=3306, user='root', passwd='', db='tkq1')
 7 cursor = conn.cursor()
 8 mysql="select * from tb7 where nid>? and nid<?"
 9 cursor.callproc('proc_sql', args=(11, 15, mysql))
10  
11 rows = cursor.fetchall()
12 print rows #((12, 'u1', 'u1pass', 11111), (13, 'u2', 'u2pass', 22222), (14, 'u3', 'u3pass', 11113))
13 conn.commit()
14 cursor.close()
15 conn.close()
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四、使用with简化连接过程

每次都连接关闭很麻烦，使用上下文管理，简化连接过程

 1 #! /usr/bin/env python
 2 # -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
 3 # __author__ = "TKQ"
 4  
 5 import pymysql
 6 import contextlib
 7 #定义上下文管理器，连接后自动关闭连接
 8 @contextlib.contextmanager
 9 def mysql(host='127.0.0.1', port=3306, user='root', passwd='', db='tkq1',charset='utf8'):
10   conn = pymysql.connect(host=host, port=port, user=user, passwd=passwd, db=db, charset=charset)
11   cursor = conn.cursor(cursor=pymysql.cursors.DictCursor)
12   try:
13     yield cursor
14   finally:
15     conn.commit()
16     cursor.close()
17     conn.close()
18  
19 # 执行sql
20 with mysql() as cursor:
21   print(cursor)
22   row_count = cursor.execute("select * from tb7")
23   row_1 = cursor.fetchone()
24   print row_count, row_1
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