Shiro （Shiro + JWT + SpringBoot应用）
目录
1.Shiro的简介
Apache Shiro是一种功能强大且易于使用的Java安全框架，它执行身份验证，授权，加密和会话管理，可用于保护 从命令行应用程序，移动应用程序到Web和企业应用程序等应用的安全。
- Authentication 身份认证/登录，验证用户是不是拥有相应的身份；
- Authorization 授权，即权限验证，验证某个已认证的用户是否拥有某个权限；即判断用户是否能做事情，常见的如：验证某个用户是否拥有某个角色。或者细粒度的验证某个用户对某个资源是否具有某个权限；
- Cryptography 安全数据加密，保护数据的安全性，如密码加密存储到数据库，而不是明文存储；
- Session Management 会话管理，即用户登录后就是一次会话，在没有退出之前，它的所有信息都在会话中；
- Web Integration web系统集成
- Interations 集成其它应用，spring、缓存框架
从应用程序角度的来观察如何使用Shiro完成工作：
Subject：主体，代表了当前“用户”，这个用户不一定是一个具体的人，与当前应用交互的任何东西都是Subject，如网络爬虫，机器人等；即一个抽象概念；所有Subject都绑定到SecurityManager，与Subject的所有交互都会委托给SecurityManager；可以把Subject认为是一个门面；SecurityManager才是实际的执行者；
SecurityManager：安全管理器；即所有与安全有关的操作都会与SecurityManager交互；且它管理着所有Subject；可以看出它是Shiro的核心，它负责与后边介绍的其他组件进行交互，如果学习过SpringMVC，你可以把它看成DispatcherServlet前端控制器；
Realm：域，Shiro从从Realm获取安全数据（如用户、角色、权限），就是说SecurityManager要验证用户身份，那么它需要从Realm获取相应的用户进行比较以确定用户身份是否合法；也需要从Realm得到用户相应的角色/权限进行验证用户是否能进行操作；可以把Realm看成DataSource，即安全数据源。
也就是说对于我们而言，最简单的一个Shiro应用：
1、应用代码通过Subject来进行认证和授权，而Subject又委托给SecurityManager；
2、我们需要给Shiro的SecurityManager注入Realm，从而让SecurityManager能得到合法的用户及其权限进行判断。
2.Shiro + JWT + SpringBoot
1.导入依赖
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.shiro</groupId>
<artifactId>shiro-spring</artifactId>
<version>1.4.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.auth0</groupId>
<artifactId>java-jwt</artifactId>
<version>3.8.2</version>
</dependency>
2.配置JWT
public class JWTUtil {
/**
* 校验 token是否正确
*
* @param token 密钥
* @param secret 用户的密码
* @return 是否正确
*/
public static boolean verify(String token, String username, String secret) {
try {
Algorithm algorithm = Algorithm.HMAC256(secret);
JWTVerifier verifier = JWT.require(algorithm)
.withClaim("username", username)
.build();
verifier.verify(token);
return true;
} catch (Exception e) {
log.info("token is invalid{}", e.getMessage());
return false;
}
}
public static String getUsername(HttpServletRequest request) {
// 取token
String token = request.getHeader("Authorization");
return getUsername(UofferUtil.decryptToken(token));
}
/**
* 从 token中获取用户名
* @return token中包含的用户名
*/
public static String getUsername(String token) {
try {
DecodedJWT jwt = JWT.decode(token);
return jwt.getClaim("username").asString();
} catch (JWTDecodeException e) {
log.error("error：{}", e.getMessage());
return null;
}
}
public static Integer getUserId(HttpServletRequest request) {
// 取token
String token = request.getHeader("Authorization");
return getUserId(UofferUtil.decryptToken(token));
}
/**
* 从 token中获取用户ID
* @return token中包含的ID
*/
public static Integer getUserId(String token) {
try {
DecodedJWT jwt = JWT.decode(token);
return Integer.valueOf(jwt.getSubject());
} catch (JWTDecodeException e) {
log.error("error：{}", e.getMessage());
return null;
}
}
/**
* 生成 token
* @param username 用户名
* @param secret 用户的密码
* @return token 加密的token
*/
public static String sign(String username, String secret, Integer userId) {
try {
Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<>();
map.put("alg", "HS256");
map.put("typ", "JWT");
username = StringUtils.lowerCase(username);
Algorithm algorithm = Algorithm.HMAC256(secret);
return JWT.create()
.withHeader(map)
.withClaim("username", username)
.withSubject(String.valueOf(userId))
.withIssuedAt(new Date())
// .withExpiresAt(date)
.sign(algorithm);
} catch (Exception e) {
log.error("error：{}", e);
return null;
}
}
}
3.配置Shiro
4.实现JWTToken
token自己已经包含了用户名等信息。
@Data
public class JWTToken implements AuthenticationToken {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1282057025599826155L;
private String token;
private String exipreAt;
public JWTToken(String token) {
this.token = token;
}
public JWTToken(String token, String exipreAt) {
this.token = token;
this.exipreAt = exipreAt;
}
@Override
public Object getPrincipal() {
return token;
}
@Override
public Object getCredentials() {
return token;
}
}
5.实现Realm
自定义实现 ShiroRealm，包含认证和授权两大模块。
public class ShiroRealm extends AuthorizingRealm {
@Resource
private RedisUtil redisUtil;
@Autowired
private ISysUserService userService;
@Autowired
private ISysRoleService roleService;
@Autowired
private ISysMenuService menuService;
// 必须重写此方法，不然Shiro会报错
@Override
public boolean supports(AuthenticationToken token) {
return token instanceof JWTToken;
}
/**
* 只有当需要检测用户权限的时候才会调用此方法
* 授权模块，获取用户角色和权限。
* @param token token
* @return AuthorizationInfo 权限信息
*/
@Override
protected AuthorizationInfo doGetAuthorizationInfo(PrincipalCollection token) {
Integer userId = JWTUtil.getUserId(token.toString());
SimpleAuthorizationInfo simpleAuthorizationInfo = new SimpleAuthorizationInfo();
// 获取用户角色集
Set<String> roleSet = roleService.selectRolePermissionByUserId(userId);
simpleAuthorizationInfo.setRoles(roleSet);
// 获取用户权限集
Set<String> permissionSet = menuService.findUserPermissionsByUserId(userId);
simpleAuthorizationInfo.setStringPermissions(permissionSet);
return simpleAuthorizationInfo;
}
/**
* 用户认证:编写shiro判断逻辑，进行用户认证
* @param authenticationToken 身份认证 token
* @return AuthenticationInfo 身份认证信息
* @throws AuthenticationException 认证相关异常
*/
@Override
protected AuthenticationInfo doGetAuthenticationInfo(AuthenticationToken authenticationToken) throws AuthenticationException {
// 这里的 token是从 JWTFilter 的 executeLogin 方法传递过来的，已经经过了解密
String token = (String) authenticationToken.getCredentials();
String encryptToken = UofferUtil.encryptToken(token); //加密token
String username = JWTUtil.getUsername(token); //从token中获取username
Integer userId = JWTUtil.getUserId(token); //从token中获取userId
// 通过redis查看token是否过期
HttpServletRequest request = HttpContextUtil.getHttpServletRequest();
String ip = IPUtil.getIpAddr(request);
String encryptTokenInRedis = redisUtil.get(Constant.RM_TOKEN_CACHE + encryptToken + StringPool.UNDERSCORE + ip);
if (!token.equalsIgnoreCase(UofferUtil.decryptToken(encryptTokenInRedis))) {
throw new AuthenticationException("token已经过期");
}
// 如果找不到，说明已经失效
if (StringUtils.isBlank(encryptTokenInRedis)) {
throw new AuthenticationException("token已经过期");
}
if (StringUtils.isBlank(username)) {
throw new AuthenticationException("token校验不通过");
}
// 通过用户id查询用户信息
SysUser user = userService.getById(userId);
if (user == null) {
throw new AuthenticationException("用户名或密码错误");
}
if (!JWTUtil.verify(token, username, user.getPassword())) {
throw new AuthenticationException("token校验不通过");
}
return new SimpleAuthenticationInfo(token, token, "febs_shiro_realm");
}
}
6.重写Filter
所有的请求都会先经过 Filter，所以我们继承官方的 BasicHttpAuthenticationFilter ，并且重写鉴权的方法。
代码的执行流程 preHandle -> isAccessAllowed -> isLoginAttempt -> executeLogin 。
@Slf4j
public class JWTFilter extends BasicHttpAuthenticationFilter {
private static final String TOKEN = "Authorization";
private AntPathMatcher pathMatcher = new AntPathMatcher();
/**
* 对跨域提供支持
*/
@Override
protected boolean preHandle(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response) throws Exception {
HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest = (HttpServletRequest) request;
HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse = (HttpServletResponse) response;
httpServletResponse.setHeader("Access-control-Allow-Origin", httpServletRequest.getHeader("Origin"));
httpServletResponse.setHeader("Access-Control-Allow-Methods", "GET,POST,OPTIONS,PUT,DELETE");
httpServletResponse.setHeader("Access-Control-Allow-Headers", httpServletRequest.getHeader("Access-Control-Request-Headers"));
// 跨域时会首先发送一个 option请求，这里我们给 option请求直接返回正常状态
if (httpServletRequest.getMethod().equals(RequestMethod.OPTIONS.name())) {
httpServletResponse.setStatus(HttpStatus.OK.value());
return false;
}
return super.preHandle(request, response);
}
@Override
protected boolean isAccessAllowed(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response, Object mappedValue) throws UnauthorizedException {
HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest = (HttpServletRequest) request;
UofferProperties UofferProperties = SpringContextUtil.getBean(UofferProperties.class);
// 获取免认证接口 url
// 在application.yml中配置/adminApi/auth/doLogin/**,/adminApi/auth/register/**, ...
String[] anonUrl = StringUtils.splitByWholeSeparatorPreserveAllTokens(UofferProperties.getShiro().getAnonUrl(), ",");
boolean match = false;
for (String u : anonUrl) {
if (pathMatcher.match(u, httpServletRequest.getRequestURI())) {
match = true;
}
}
if (match) {
return true;
}
if (isLoginAttempt(request, response)) {
return executeLogin(request, response);
}
return false;
}
/**
* 判断用户是否想要登入。
* 检测header里面是否包含Authorization字段即可
*/
@Override
protected boolean isLoginAttempt(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response) {
HttpServletRequest req = (HttpServletRequest) request;
String token = req.getHeader(TOKEN);
return token != null;
}
@Override
protected boolean executeLogin(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response) {
HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest = (HttpServletRequest) request;
String token = httpServletRequest.getHeader(TOKEN); //得到token
JWTToken jwtToken = new JWTToken(UofferUtil.decryptToken(token)); // 解密token
try {
// 提交给realm进行登入，如果错误他会抛出异常并被捕获
getSubject(request, response).login(jwtToken);
// 如果没有抛出异常则代表登入成功，返回true
return true;
} catch (Exception e) {
log.error(e.getMessage());
return false;
}
}
@Override
protected boolean sendChallenge(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response) {
log.debug("Authentication required: sending 401 Authentication challenge response.");
HttpServletResponse httpResponse = WebUtils.toHttp(response);
// httpResponse.setStatus(HttpStatus.UNAUTHORIZED.value());
httpResponse.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
httpResponse.setContentType("application/json; charset=utf-8");
final String message = "未认证，请在前端系统进行认证";
final Integer status = 401;
try (PrintWriter out = httpResponse.getWriter()) {
// String responseJson = "{\"message\":\"" + message + "\"}";
JSONObject responseJson = new JSONObject();
responseJson.put("msg", message);
responseJson.put("status", status);
out.print(responseJson);
} catch (IOException e) {
log.error("sendChallenge error：", e);
}
return false;
}
}
7. ShiroConfig
@Configuration
public class ShiroConfig {
@Bean
public ShiroRealm shiroRealm() {
// 配置 Realm
return new ShiroRealm();
}
// 创建DefaultWebSecurityManager
@Bean("securityManager")
public SecurityManager securityManager() {
DefaultWebSecurityManager securityManager = new DefaultWebSecurityManager();
// 配置 SecurityManager，并注入 shiroRealm
securityManager.setRealm(shiroRealm());
return securityManager;
}
// 创建ShiroFilterFactoryBean
@Bean
public ShiroFilterFactoryBean shiroFilterFactoryBean(SecurityManager securityManager) {
ShiroFilterFactoryBean shiroFilterFactoryBean = new ShiroFilterFactoryBean();
// 设置 securityManager
shiroFilterFactoryBean.setSecurityManager(securityManager);
//添加Shiro过滤器
/**
* Shiro内置过滤器，可以实现权限相关的拦截器
* 常用的过滤器：
* anon: 无需认证（登录）可以访问
* authc: 必须认证才可以访问
* user: 如果使用rememberMe的功能可以直接访问
* perms： 该资源必须得到资源权限才可以访问
* role: 该资源必须得到角色权限才可以访问
*/
// 在 Shiro过滤器链上加入 自定义过滤器JWTFilter 并取名为jwt
LinkedHashMap<String, Filter> filters = new LinkedHashMap<>();
filters.put("jwt", new JWTFilter());
shiroFilterFactoryBean.setFilters(filters);
// 自定义url规则
LinkedHashMap<String, String> filterChainDefinitionMap = new LinkedHashMap<>();
// 所有请求都要经过 jwt过滤器
filterChainDefinitionMap.put("/**", "jwt");
shiroFilterFactoryBean.setFilterChainDefinitionMap(filterChainDefinitionMap);
return shiroFilterFactoryBean;
}
/**
* 下面的代码是添加注解支持
*/
@Bean
@DependsOn({"lifecycleBeanPostProcessor"})
public DefaultAdvisorAutoProxyCreator defaultAdvisorAutoProxyCreator() {
// 设置代理类
DefaultAdvisorAutoProxyCreator creator = new DefaultAdvisorAutoProxyCreator();
creator.setProxyTargetClass(true);
return creator;
}
/**
* 开启aop注解支持
*
* @param securityManager
* @return
*/
@Bean("authorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor")
public AuthorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor authorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor(SecurityManager securityManager) {
AuthorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor authorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor = new AuthorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor();
authorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor.setSecurityManager(securityManager);
return authorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor;
}
// Shiro生命周期处理器
@Bean
public LifecycleBeanPostProcessor lifecycleBeanPostProcessor() {
return new LifecycleBeanPostProcessor();
}
}
8.登陆
/**
* 登录方法
*
* @param username 用户名
* @param password 密码
* @param code 验证码
* @param uuid 唯一标识
* @return 结果
*/
@PostMapping("/doLogin")
public ResultVo login(String username, String password, String code, String uuid, HttpServletRequest request) throws UofferException {
String verifyKey = Constant.RM_CAPTCHA_CODE_KEY + uuid;
String captcha = redisUtil.getCacheObject(verifyKey);
redisUtil.del(verifyKey);
if (captcha == null) {
return ResultVo.failed(201, "验证码失效");
}
if (!code.equalsIgnoreCase(captcha)) {
return ResultVo.failed(201, "验证码错误");
}
username = StringUtils.lowerCase(username);
password = MD5Util.encrypt(username, password);
final String errorMessage = "用户名或密码错误";
SysUser user = userManager.getUser(username);
if (user == null) {
return ResultVo.failed(201, errorMessage);
}
if (!StringUtils.equalsIgnoreCase(user.getPassword(), password)) {
return ResultVo.failed(201, errorMessage);
}
if (Constant.STATUS_LOCK.equals(user.getStatus())) {
return ResultVo.failed(201, "账号已被锁定,请联系管理员！");
}
Integer userId = user.getUserId();
String ip = IPUtil.getIpAddr(request);
String address = AddressUtil.getCityInfo(ip);
// 更新用户登录时间
SysUser sysUser = new SysUser();
sysUser.setUserId(userId);
sysUser.setLastLoginTime(new Date());
sysUser.setLastLoginIp(ip);
userService.updateById(sysUser);
// 拿到token之后加密
String sign = JWTUtil.sign(username, password, userId);
String token = UofferUtil.encryptToken(sign);
LocalDateTime expireTime = LocalDateTime.now().plusSeconds(properties.getShiro().getJwtTimeOut());
String expireTimeStr = DateUtil.formatFullTime(expireTime);
JWTToken jwtToken = new JWTToken(token, expireTimeStr);
// 将登录日志存入日志表中
SysLoginLog loginLog = new SysLoginLog();
loginLog.setIp(ip);
loginLog.setAddress(address);
loginLog.setLoginTime(new Date());
loginLog.setUsername(username);
loginLog.setUserId(userId);
loginLogService.save(loginLog);
saveTokenToRedis(username, jwtToken, ip, address);
JSONObject data = new JSONObject();
data.put("Authorization", token);
// 将用户配置及权限存入redis中
userManager.loadOneUserRedisCache(userId);
return ResultVo.oK(data);
}
9.@RequiresPermissions
要求subject中必须含有bus:careerTalk:query的权限才能执行方法someMethod()。否则抛出异常AuthorizationException。
@RequiresPermissions("bus:careerTalk:query")
public void someMethod() {
}
引用：
https://www.iteye.com/blog/jinnianshilongnian-2018398
https://www.jianshu.com/p/f37f8c295057
