treeSet的顺序
import java.util.Set;
import java.util.TreeSet;
public class Person{
private String name;
private int age;
public Person(String name, int age){
this.name = name;
this.age = age;
}
public String toString(){
return "姓名:" + this.name + ";年龄:" + this.age;
}
public static void main(String[] args){
Set<Person> allSet = new TreeSet<Person>();
allSet.add(new Person("张三", 30));
allSet.add(new Person("李四", 31));
allSet.add(new Person("王五", 32));
allSet.add(new Person("王五", 32));
allSet.add(new Person("王五", 33));
allSet.add(new Person("赵六", 33));
allSet.add(new Person("孙七", 33));
System.out.println(allSet);
}
}
执行时出现以下错误:
Exception in thread "main" Java.lang.ClassCastException: Person cannot be cast t
o java.lang.Comparable
at java.util.TreeMap.compare(Unknown Source)
at java.util.TreeMap.put(Unknown Source)
at java.util.TreeSet.add(Unknown Source)
at Person.main(Person.java:17)
修改如下:继承Comparable接口,覆写compareTo()方法
import java.util.Set;
import java.util.TreeSet;
public class Person implements Comparable<Person>{
private String name;
private int age;
public Person(String name, int age){
this.name = name;
this.age = age;
}
public String toString(){
return "姓名:" + this.name + ";年龄:" + this.age;
}
public int compareTo(Person per){
if(this.age < per.age){
return 1;
}else if(this.age > per.age){
return -1;
}else{
return 0;
}
}
public static void main(String[] args){
Set<Person> allSet = new TreeSet<Person>();
allSet.add(new Person("张三", 30));
allSet.add(new Person("李四", 31));
allSet.add(new Person("王五", 32));
allSet.add(new Person("王五", 32));
allSet.add(new Person("王五", 33));
allSet.add(new Person("赵六", 33));
allSet.add(new Person("孙七", 33));
System.out.println(allSet);
}
}
此时完成了排序,但是年龄相同的元素没有了,继续修改。
import java.util.Set;
import java.util.TreeSet;
public class Person implements Comparable<Person>{
private String name;
private int age;
public Person(String name, int age){
this.name = name;
this.age = age;
}
public String toString(){
return "姓名:" + this.name + ";年龄:" + this.age;
}
public int compareTo(Person per){
if(this.age < per.age){
return 1;
}else if(this.age > per.age){
return -1;
}else{
return this.name.compareTo(per.name); //调用String中的compareTo()方法
}
}
public static void main(String[] args){
Set<Person> allSet = new TreeSet<Person>();
allSet.add(new Person("张三", 30));
allSet.add(new Person("李四", 31));
allSet.add(new Person("王五", 32));
allSet.add(new Person("王五", 32));
allSet.add(new Person("王五", 33));
allSet.add(new Person("赵六", 33));
allSet.add(new Person("孙七", 33));
System.out.println(allSet);
}
}
此时并没有去掉重复的元素,要想去掉重复元素,则需要Object类中的两个方法帮助:
1.hashCode():表示一个唯一的编码,一般通过计算表示
2.equals():进行对象的比较操作
import java.util.Set;
import java.util.HashSet;
public class Person{
private String name;
private int age;
public Person(String name, int age){
this.name = name;
this.age = age;
}
public String toString(){
return "姓名:" + this.name + ";年龄:" + this.age;
}
public boolean equals(Object obj){ //覆写equals对象完成比较
if(this == obj){
return true;
}
if(!(obj instanceof Person)){
return false;
}
Person p = (Person)obj; //向下转型
if(this.name.equals(p.name) && this.age == p.age){
return true;
}else{
return false;
}
}
public int hashCode(){
return this.name.hashCode() * this.age; //定义一个公式
}
public static void main(String[] args){
Set<Person> allSet = new HashSet<Person>();
allSet.add(new Person("张三", 30));
allSet.add(new Person("李四", 31));
allSet.add(new Person("王五", 32));
allSet.add(new Person("王五", 32));
allSet.add(new Person("王五", 32));
allSet.add(new Person("赵六", 33));
allSet.add(new Person("孙七", 33));
System.out.println(allSet);
}
}
总结:
1.一个好的类应该覆写Object类中的equals()、hashCode()、toString()方法,String类中已经覆写完成了。
2.Set接口依靠hashCode()和equals()完成重复元素的判断
3.TreeSet依靠Comparable接口完成排序的。