PHP环境的安装文档
系统要求：centos 5.5及以上版本，linux内核2.6及以上版本
四核cpu，8G内存
安装php环境：
安装系统依赖包
命令行中输入
sudo -s
LANG=C
yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ autoconf libjpeg libjpeg-devel libpng libpng-devel freetype freetype-devel libxml2 libxml2-devel zlib zlib-devel glibc glibc-devel glib2 glib2-devel bzip2 bzip2-devel ncurses ncurses-devel curl curl-devel e2fsprogs e2fsprogs-devel krb5 krb5-devel libidn libidn-devel openssl openssl-devel openldap openldap-devel nss_ldap openldap-clients openldap-servers
以上步骤为通过yum命令安装系统依赖包（需要yum源，外网或光盘均可）
下载最新的安装文件
mkdir -p /data0/software
cd /data0/software
wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/nginx/nginx-0.8.46.tar.gz
wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/php/php-5.2.14.tar.gz
wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/phpfpm/php-5.2.14-fpm-0.5.14.diff.gz
wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/libiconv/libiconv-1.13.1.tar.gz
wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/mcrypt/libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz
wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/mcrypt/mcrypt-2.6.8.tar.gz
wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/memcache/memcache-2.2.5.tgz
wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/mhash/mhash-0.9.9.9.tar.gz
wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/pcre/pcre-8.10.tar.gz
wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/eaccelerator/eaccelerator-0.9.6.1.tar.bz2
wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/imagick/ImageMagick.tar.gz
wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/imagick/imagick-2.3.0.tgz
其中nginx最新版本为1.0.10，php最新版本为5.3.8，php 5.3.8版本集成了php-fpm所以与php-5.2.14的安装步骤和启动稍有不同，后面会红色标记。
编译安装PHP所需的支持库
tar zxvf libiconv-1.13.1.tar.gz
cd libiconv-1.13.1/
./configure --prefix=/usr/local
make
make install
cd ../
tar zxvf libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz
cd libmcrypt-2.5.8/
./configure
make
make install
/sbin/ldconfig
cd libltdl/
./configure --enable-ltdl-install
make
make install
cd http://www.cnblogs.com/
tar zxvf mhash-0.9.9.9.tar.gz
cd mhash-0.9.9.9/
./configure
make
make install
cd ../
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.la /usr/lib/libmcrypt.la
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so /usr/lib/libmcrypt.so
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so.4 /usr/lib/libmcrypt.so.4
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so.4.4.8 /usr/lib/libmcrypt.so.4.4.8
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.a /usr/lib/libmhash.a
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.la /usr/lib/libmhash.la
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so /usr/lib/libmhash.so
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so.2 /usr/lib/libmhash.so.2
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so.2.0.1 /usr/lib/libmhash.so.2.0.1
ln -s /usr/local/bin/libmcrypt-config /usr/bin/libmcrypt-config
tar zxvf mcrypt-2.6.8.tar.gz
cd mcrypt-2.6.8/
/sbin/ldconfig
./configure
make
make install
cd ../
编译安装PHP
5.2.14版本
tar zxvf php-5.2.14.tar.gz
gzip -cd php-5.2.14-fpm-0.5.14.diff.gz | patch -d php-5.2.14 -p1
cd php-5.2.14/
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/webserver/php --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/webserver/php/etc --with-iconv-dir=/usr/local --with-freetype-dir --with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-zlib --with-libxml-dir=/usr --enable-xml --disable-rpath --enable-discard-path --enable-safe-mode --enable-bcmath --enable-shmop --enable-sysvsem --enable-inline-optimization --with-curl --with-curlwrappers --enable-mbregex --enable-fastcgi --enable-fpm --enable-force-cgi-redirect --enable-mbstring --with-mcrypt --with-gd --enable-gd-native-ttf --with-openssl --with-mhash --enable-pcntl --enable-sockets --with-ldap --with-ldap-sasl --with-xmlrpc --enable-zip --enable-soap
make ZEND_EXTRA_LIBS='-liconv'
make install
cp php.ini-dist /usr/local/webserver/php/etc/php.ini
cd ../
5.3.8版本
tar zxvf php-5.3.8.tar.gz
cd php-5.3.8/
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php/etc --with-iconv-dir=/usr/local --with-freetype-dir --with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-zlib --with-libxml-dir=/usr --enable-xml --disable-rpath --enable-discard-path --enable-safe-mode --enable-bcmath --enable-shmop --enable-sysvsem --enable-inline-optimization --with-curl --with-curlwrappers --enable-mbregex --enable-fastcgi --enable-fpm --enable-force-cgi-redirect --enable-mbstring --with-mcrypt --with-gd --enable-gd-native-ttf --with-openssl --with-mhash --enable-pcntl --enable-sockets --with-ldap --with-ldap-sasl --with-xmlrpc --enable-zip --enable-soap
make ZEND_EXTRA_LIBS='-liconv'
make install
cp php.ini-development /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini
cd ../
安装php扩展
tar zxvf memcache-2.2.5.tgz
cd memcache-2.2.5/
/usr/local/webserver/php/bin/phpize
./configure --with-php-config=/usr/local/webserver/php/bin/php-config
make
make install
cd ../
tar jxvf eaccelerator-0.9.6.1.tar.bz2
cd eaccelerator-0.9.6.1/
/usr/local/webserver/php/bin/phpize
./configure --enable-eaccelerator=shared --with-php-config=/usr/local/webserver/php/bin/php-config
make
make install
cd ../
tar zxvf ImageMagick.tar.gz
cd ImageMagick-6.5.1-2/
./configure
make
make install
cd ../
tar zxvf imagick-2.3.0.tgz
cd imagick-2.3.0/
/usr/local/webserver/php/bin/phpize
./configure --with-php-config=/usr/local/webserver/php/bin/php-config
make
make install
cd ../
创建www用户和组
/usr/sbin/groupadd www
/usr/sbin/useradd -g www www
mkdir -p /data0/htdocs/www
chmod +w /data0/htdocs/www
chown -R www:www /data0/htdocs/www
修改php.ini文件
5.2.14版本
查找/usr/local/webserver/php/etc/php.ini中的extension_dir = "./"修改为extension_dir = "/usr/local/webserver/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20110613/"
并在此行后增加以下几行，然后保存：
extension = "memcache.so"
extension = "imagick.so"
再查找output_buffering = Off
修改为output_buffering = On
再查找; cgi.fix_pathinfo=0
5.3.8版本
查找/usr/local/php/etc/php.ini中的extension_dir = "./"修改为extension_dir = "/usr/local /php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20090626/"
并在此行后增加以下几行，然后保存：
extension = "memcache.so"
extension = "imagick.so"
再查找output_buffering = Off
修改为output_buffering = On
再查找; cgi.fix_pathinfo=0
配置eAccelerator加速PHP
5.2.14版本
mkdir -p /usr/local/webserver/eaccelerator_cache
vi /usr/local/webserver/php/etc/php.ini
按shift+g键跳到配置文件的最末尾，加上以下配置信息：
[eaccelerator]
zend_extension="/usr/local/webserver/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20060613/eaccelerator.so"
eaccelerator.shm_size="64"
eaccelerator.cache_dir="/usr/local/webserver/eaccelerator_cache"
eaccelerator.enable="1"
eaccelerator.optimizer="1"
eaccelerator.check_mtime="1"
eaccelerator.debug="0"
eaccelerator.filter=""
eaccelerator.shm_max="0"
eaccelerator.shm_ttl="3600"
eaccelerator.shm_prune_period="3600"
eaccelerator.shm_only="0"
eaccelerator.compress="1"
eaccelerator.compress_level="9"
5.3.8版本
mkdir -p /usr/local/eaccelerator_cache
vi /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini
[eaccelerator]
zend_extension="/usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20090626/eaccelerator.so"
eaccelerator.shm_size="64"
eaccelerator.cache_dir="/usr/local/eaccelerator_cache"
eaccelerator.enable="1"
eaccelerator.optimizer="1"
eaccelerator.check_mtime="1"
eaccelerator.debug="0"
eaccelerator.filter=""
eaccelerator.shm_max="0"
eaccelerator.shm_ttl="3600"
eaccelerator.shm_prune_period="3600"
eaccelerator.shm_only="0"
eaccelerator.compress="1"
eaccelerator.compress_level="9"
创建php-fpm配置文件
5.2.14版本
rm -f /usr/local/webserver/php/etc/php-fpm.conf
vi /usr/local/webserver/php/etc/php-fpm.conf
输入
<?xml version="1.0" ?>
<configuration>
All relative paths in this config are relative to php's install prefix
<section name="global_options">
Pid file
<value name="pid_file">/usr/local/webserver/php/logs/php-fpm.pid</value>
Error log file
<value name="error_log">/usr/local/webserver/php/logs/php-fpm.log</value>
Log level
<value name="log_level">notice</value>
When this amount of php processes exited with SIGSEGV or SIGBUS ...
<value name="emergency_restart_threshold">10</value>
... in a less than this interval of time, a graceful restart will be initiated.
Useful to work around accidental curruptions in accelerator's shared memory.
<value name="emergency_restart_interval">1m</value>
Time limit on waiting child's reaction on signals from master
<value name="process_control_timeout">5s</value>
Set to 'no' to debug fpm
<value name="daemonize">yes</value>
</section>
<workers>
<section name="pool">
Name of pool. Used in logs and stats.
<value name="name">default</value>
Address to accept fastcgi requests on.
Valid syntax is 'ip.ad.re.ss:port' or just 'port' or '/path/to/unix/socket'
<value name="listen_address">127.0.0.1:9000</value>
<value name="listen_options">
Set listen(2) backlog
<value name="backlog">-1</value>
Set permissions for unix socket, if one used.
In Linux read/write permissions must be set in order to allow connections from web server.
Many BSD-derrived systems allow connections regardless of permissions.
<value name="owner"></value>
<value name="group"></value>
<value name="mode">0666</value>
</value>
Additional php.ini defines, specific to this pool of workers.
<value name="php_defines">
<value name="sendmail_path">/usr/sbin/sendmail -t -i</value>
<value name="display_errors">0</value>
</value>
Unix user of processes
<value name="user">www</value>
Unix group of processes
<value name="group">www</value>
Process manager settings
<value name="pm">
Sets style of controling worker process count.
Valid values are 'static' and 'apache-like'
<value name="style">static</value>
Sets the limit on the number of simultaneous requests that will be served.
Equivalent to Apache MaxClients directive.
Equivalent to PHP_FCGI_CHILDREN environment in original php.fcgi
Used with any pm_style.
<value name="max_children">64</value>
Settings group for 'apache-like' pm style
<value name="apache_like">
Sets the number of server processes created on startup.
Used only when 'apache-like' pm_style is selected
<value name="StartServers">20</value>
Sets the desired minimum number of idle server processes.
Used only when 'apache-like' pm_style is selected
<value name="MinSpareServers">5</value>
Sets the desired maximum number of idle server processes.
Used only when 'apache-like' pm_style is selected
<value name="MaxSpareServers">35</value>
</value>
</value>
The timeout (in seconds) for serving a single request after which the worker process will be terminated
Should be used when 'max_execution_time' ini option does not stop script execution for some reason
'0s' means 'off'
<value name="request_terminate_timeout">0s</value>
The timeout (in seconds) for serving of single request after which a php backtrace will be dumped to slow.log file
'0s' means 'off'
<value name="request_slowlog_timeout">0s</value>
The log file for slow requests
<value name="slowlog">logs/slow.log</value>
Set open file desc rlimit
<value name="rlimit_files">65535</value>
Set max core size rlimit
<value name="rlimit_core">0</value>
Chroot to this directory at the start, absolute path
<value name="chroot"></value>
Chdir to this directory at the start, absolute path
<value name="chdir"></value>
Redirect workers' stdout and stderr into main error log.
If not set, they will be redirected to /dev/null, according to FastCGI specs
<value name="catch_workers_output">yes</value>
How much requests each process should execute before respawn.
Useful to work around memory leaks in 3rd party libraries.
For endless request processing please specify 0
Equivalent to PHP_FCGI_MAX_REQUESTS
<value name="max_requests">1024</value>
Comma separated list of ipv4 addresses of FastCGI clients that allowed to connect.
Equivalent to FCGI_WEB_SERVER_ADDRS environment in original php.fcgi (5.2.2+)
Makes sense only with AF_INET listening socket.
<value name="allowed_clients">127.0.0.1</value>
Pass environment variables like LD_LIBRARY_PATH
All $VARIABLEs are taken from current environment
<value name="environment">
<value name="HOSTNAME">$HOSTNAME</value>
<value name="PATH">/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin</value>
<value name="TMP">/tmp</value>
<value name="TMPDIR">/tmp</value>
<value name="TEMP">/tmp</value>
<value name="OSTYPE">$OSTYPE</value>
<value name="MACHTYPE">$MACHTYPE</value>
<value name="MALLOC_CHECK_">2</value>
</value>
</section>
</workers>
</configuration>
5.3.8版本
无
启动php进程，监听127.0.0.1的9000端口
5.2.14版本
ulimit -SHn 65535
/usr/local/webserver/php/sbin/php-fpm start
注：/usr/local/webserver/php/sbin/php-fpm还有其他参数，包括：start|stop|quit|restart|reload|logrotate，修改php.ini后不重启php-cgi，重新加载配置文件使用reload。
5.3.8版本
ulimit -SHn 65535
/usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm
安装Nginx
安装Nginx所需的pcre库
tar zxvf pcre-8.10.tar.gz
cd pcre-8.10/
./configure
make && make install
cd ../
安装Nginx
tar zxvf nginx-0.8.46.tar.gz
cd nginx-0.8.46/
./configure --user=www --group=www --prefix=/usr/local/webserver/nginx --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module
make && make install
cd ../
创建Nginx日志目录
mkdir -p /data1/logs
chmod +w /data1/logs
chown -R www:www /data1/logs
创建Nginx配置文件
rm -f /usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
vi /usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
输入以下内容：
user www www;
worker_processes 8;
error_log /data1/logs/nginx_error.log crit;
pid /usr/local/webserver/nginx/nginx.pid;
#Specifies the value for maximum file descriptors that can be opened by this process.
worker_rlimit_nofile 65535;
events
{
use epoll;
worker_connections 65535;
}
http
{
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
#charset gb2312;
server_names_hash_bucket_size 128;
client_header_buffer_size 32k;
large_client_header_buffers 4 32k;
client_max_body_size 8m;
sendfile on;
tcp_nopush on;
keepalive_timeout 60;
tcp_nodelay on;
fastcgi_connect_timeout 300;
fastcgi_send_timeout 300;
fastcgi_read_timeout 300;
fastcgi_buffer_size 64k;
fastcgi_buffers 4 64k;
fastcgi_busy_buffers_size 128k;
fastcgi_temp_file_write_size 128k;
gzip on;
gzip_min_length 1k;
gzip_buffers 4 16k;
gzip_http_version 1.0;
gzip_comp_level 2;
gzip_types text/plain application/x-javascript text/css application/xml;
gzip_vary on;
#limit_zone crawler $binary_remote_addr 10m;
server
{
listen 80;
server_name 192.168.60.50;
index index.html index.htm index.php;
root /data0/htdocs/www;
#limit_conn crawler 20;
location /
{
#fastcgi_pass unix:/tmp/php-cgi.sock;
rewrite ^(.*)/(.+)/([0-9]+)/([0-9]+)/([0-9]+)/([0-9]+)/index\.php$ $1/index.php?ucode=$2&model=$3&f=$4&ct=$5&siteid=$6&$query_string ;
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
fastcgi_index index.php;
include fcgi.conf;
}
location ~ .*\.(gif|jpg|jpeg|png|bmp|swf)$
{
expires 30d;
}
location ~ .*\.(js|css)?$
{
expires 1h;
}
log_format access '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
'$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
'"$http_user_agent" $http_x_forwarded_for';
access_log /data1/logs/access.log access;
}
}
在/usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/目录中创建fcgi.conf文件：
vi /usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/fcgi.conf
输入
fastcgi_param GATEWAY_INTERFACE CGI/1.1;
fastcgi_param SERVER_SOFTWARE nginx;
fastcgi_param QUERY_STRING $query_string;
fastcgi_param REQUEST_METHOD $request_method;
fastcgi_param CONTENT_TYPE $content_type;
fastcgi_param CONTENT_LENGTH $content_length;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_NAME $fastcgi_script_name;
fastcgi_param REQUEST_URI $request_uri;
fastcgi_param DOCUMENT_URI $document_uri;
fastcgi_param DOCUMENT_ROOT $document_root;
fastcgi_param SERVER_PROTOCOL $server_protocol;
fastcgi_param REMOTE_ADDR $remote_addr;
fastcgi_param REMOTE_PORT $remote_port;
fastcgi_param SERVER_ADDR $server_addr;
fastcgi_param SERVER_PORT $server_port;
fastcgi_param SERVER_NAME $server_name;
# PHP only, required if PHP was built with --enable-force-cgi-redirect
fastcgi_param REDIRECT_STATUS 200;
启动Nginx
ulimit -SHn 65535
/usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/nginx
配置开机自动启动
vi /etc/rc.local
在末尾增加以下内容：
注意php版本
ulimit -SHn 65535
/usr/local/webserver/php/sbin/php-fpm start
/usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/nginx
优化Linux内核参数
vi /etc/sysctl.conf
在末尾增加以下内容：
# Add
net.ipv4.tcp_max_syn_backlog = 65536
net.core.netdev_max_backlog = 32768
net.core.somaxconn = 32768
net.core.wmem_default = 8388608
net.core.rmem_default = 8388608
net.core.rmem_max = 16777216
net.core.wmem_max = 16777216
net.ipv4.tcp_timestamps = 0
net.ipv4.tcp_synack_retries = 2
net.ipv4.tcp_syn_retries = 2
net.ipv4.tcp_tw_recycle = 1
#net.ipv4.tcp_tw_len = 1
net.ipv4.tcp_tw_reuse = 1
net.ipv4.tcp_mem = 94500000 915000000 927000000
net.ipv4.tcp_max_orphans = 3276800
#net.ipv4.tcp_fin_timeout = 30
#net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_time = 120
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024 65535
使配置立即生效：
/sbin/sysctl –p
定时切割Nginx日志的脚本
创建脚本/usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/cut_nginx_log.sh
vi /usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/cut_nginx_log.sh
输入以下内容：
#!/bin/bash
# This script run at 00:59
# The Nginx logs path
logs_path="/data1/logs/";
date_dir=`date +%Y/%m/%d`
date_dir1=`date +%Y/%m/%d/%H`
mkdir -p ${logs_path}/${date_dir}
mv ${logs_path}access.log ${logs_path}/${date_dir1}.log
sed -i 's#/Jan/#/01/#;s#/Feb/#/02/#;s#/Mar/#/03/#;s#/Apr/#/04/#;s#/May/#/05/#;s#/Jun/#/06/#;s#/Jul/#/07/#;s#/Aug/#/08/#;s#/Sep/#/09/#;s#/Oct/#/10/#;s#/Nov/#/11/#;s#/Dec/#/12/#' ${logs_path}/${date_dir1}.log
kill -USR1 `cat /usr/local/webserver/nginx/nginx.pid`
设置crontab，每时59分切割nginx访问日志
输入
crontab -e
输入以下内容：
59 * * * * /bin/bash /usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/cut_nginx_log.sh
Oracle客户端扩展（OCI8）安装
安装32位Oracle即时客户端程序包
http://download.oracle.com/otn/linux/instantclient/111070/oracle-instantclient11.1-basic-11.1.0.7.0-1.i386.rpm
http://download.oracle.com/otn/linux/instantclient/111070/oracle-instantclient11.1-sqlplus-11.1.0.7.0-1.i386.rpm
http://download.oracle.com/otn/linux/instantclient/111070/oracle-instantclient11.1-devel-11.1.0.7.0-1.i386.rpm
32位安装
rpm -ivh oracle-instantclient11.1-basic-11.1.0.7.0-1.i386.rpm
rpm -ivh oracle-instantclient11.1-devel-11.1.0.7.0-1.i386.rpm
rpm -ivh oracle-instantclient11.1-sqlplus-11.1.0.7.0-1.i386.rpm
echo "/usr/lib/oracle/11.1/client/lib/" > /etc/ld.so.conf.d/oracle_client.conf
/sbin/ldconfig
安装64位Oracle即时客户端程序包
http://download.oracle.com/otn/linux/instantclient/111070/oracle-instantclient11.1-basic-11.1.0.7.0-1.x86_64.rpm
http://download.oracle.com/otn/linux/instantclient/111070/oracle-instantclient11.1-sqlplus-11.1.0.7.0-1.x86_64.rpm
http://download.oracle.com/otn/linux/instantclient/111070/oracle-instantclient11.1-devel-11.1.0.7.0-1.x86_64.rpm
64位安装
rpm -ivh oracle-instantclient11.1-basic-11.1.0.7.0-1.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh oracle-instantclient11.1-devel-11.1.0.7.0-1.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh oracle-instantclient11.1-sqlplus-11.1.0.7.0-1.x86_64.rpm
echo "/usr/lib/oracle/11.1/client64/lib/" > /etc/ld.so.conf.d/oracle_client.conf
/sbin/ldconfig
安装OCI8 PHP扩展
32位
yum install libaio
wget http://pecl.php.net/get/oci8-1.3.5.tgz
tar zxvf oci8-1.3.5.tgz
cd oci8-1.3.5/
/usr/local/webserver/php/bin/phpize
CFLAGS="-I/usr/include/oracle/11.1/client/"
CXXFLAGS="-I/usr/include/oracle/11.1/client/"
./configure --with-php-config=/usr/local/webserver/php/bin/php-config --with-oci8=instantclient,/usr/lib/oracle/11.1/client/lib/
make
make install
64位
yum install libaio
wget http://pecl.php.net/get/oci8-1.3.5.tgz
tar zxvf oci8-1.3.5.tgz
cd oci8-1.3.5/
/usr/local/webserver/php/bin/phpize CFLAGS="-I/usr/include/oracle/11.1/client64/"
/usr/local/webserver/php/bin/phpize CXXFLAGS="-I/usr/include/oracle/11.1/client64/"
./configure --with-php-config=/usr/local/webserver/php/bin/php-config --with-oci8=instantclient,/usr/lib/oracle/11.1/client64/lib/
make
make install
修改php.ini配置文件
增加一行：
extension = "oci8.so"
posted on 2012-02-01 17:19 kudosharry 阅读(240) 评论(0) 编辑 收藏 举报
