10 个编写干净JavaScript 代码的最简单的技巧(适合初学者)
来源 | https://medium.com/frontend-canteen/10-simplest-tips-to-write-clean-javascript-code-for-beginners-8d52582b883
1、合并数组
正常代码:
let apples = ['🍎', '🍏'];
let fruits = ['🍉', '🍊', '🍇'].concat(apples);
console.log( fruits );
//=> ["🍉", "🍊", "🍇", "🍎", "🍏"];
修改后的代码:
let apples = ['🍎', '🍏'];
let fruits = ['🍉', '🍊', '🍇', ...apples]; // <-- here
console.log( fruits );
//=> ["🍉", "🍊", "🍇", "🍎", "🍏"];
let apples = ['🍎', '🍏'];
let fruits = [...apples, '🥭', '🍌', '🍒']; // <-- here
console.log( fruits );
//=> ["🍎", "🍏", "🥭", "🍌", "🍒"];
2、 从数组中获取值
正常代码:
let apples = ['🍎', '🍏'];
let redApple = apples[0];
let greenApple = apples[1];
console.log( redApple ); //=> 🍎
console.log( greenApple ); //=> 🍏;
使用数组解构的干净代码:
let apples = ['🍎', '🍏'];
let [redApple, greenApple] = apples; // <-- here
console.log( redApple ); //=> 🍎
console.log( greenApple ); //=> 🍏;
3、从对象中获取价值
正常代码:
let user = {
"name": "bytefish",
"age": 99
}
let name = user.name
let age = user.age
console.log( name );
console.log( age );;
使用对象解构的干净代码:
let user = {
"name": "bytefish",
"age": 99
}
let {name, age} = user
console.log( name );
console.log( age );;
4、循环数组
正常代码:
let fruits = ['🍉', '🍊', '🍇', '🍎'];
for (let i = 0; i < fruits.length; i++){
console.log(fruits[i])
};
使用 for of 后的代码:
let fruits = ['🍉', '🍊', '🍇', '🍎'];
for (fruit of fruits) {
console.log(fruit)
};
5、使用箭头函数作为回调
正常代码:
let fruits = ['🍉', '🍊', '🍇', '🍎'];
// Using forEach method
fruits.forEach(function(fruit){
console.log( fruit );
});;
使用箭头函数清理代码:
let fruits = ['🍉', '🍊', '🍇', '🍎'];
fruits.forEach(fruit => console.log( fruit ));;
注意:在处理这个时,箭头函数与普通函数不同。如果你在你的函数中使用它,不要贸然替换它。
6、在数组中查找一项
假设我们需要通过一个对象的属性从一个对象数组中查找一个对象,我们通常使用 for 循环:
let inventory = [
{name: 'Bananas', quantity: 5},
{name: 'Apples', quantity: 10},
{name: 'Grapes', quantity: 2}
];
// Get the object with the name `Apples` inside the array
function getApples(arr, value) {
for (let index = 0; index < arr.length; index++) {
// Check the value of this object property `name` is same as 'Apples'
if (arr[index].name === 'Apples') { //=> 🍎
// A match was found, return this object
return arr[index];
}
}
}
let result = getApples(inventory);
console.log( result )
//=> { name: "Apples", quantity: 10 };
使用 array.find() 清理代码:
let inventory = [
{name: 'Bananas', quantity: 5},
{name: 'Apples', quantity: 10},
{name: 'Grapes', quantity: 2}
];
// Get the object with the name `Apples` inside the array
function getApples(arr, value) {
return arr.find(obj => obj.name === 'Apples'); // <-- here
}
let result = getApples(inventory);
console.log( result )
//=> { name: "Apples", quantity: 10 };
7、将字符串转换为数字
正常代码:
let num = parseInt("10")
console.log( num ) //=> 10
console.log( typeof num ) //=> "number";
通过在字符串前添加 + 来清理代码:
let num = +"10";
console.log( num ) //=> 10
console.log( typeof num ) //=> "number"
console.log( +"10" === 10 ) //=> true;
8、检查无效
在使用变量之前,我们经常需要检查其值是否为空。
正常的方法是使用 if-else。
function getUserRole(role) {
let userRole;
// If role is not falsy value
// set `userRole` as passed `role` value
if (role) {
userRole = role;
} else {
// else set the `userRole` as USER
userRole = 'USER';
}
return userRole;
}
console.log( getUserRole() ) //=> "USER"
console.log( getUserRole('ADMIN') ) //=> "ADMIN";
使用 || 清理代码 :
function getUserRole(role) {
return role || 'USER'; // <-- here
}
console.log( getUserRole() ) //=> "USER"
console.log( getUserRole('ADMIN') ) //=> "ADMIN";
9、字符串连接
正常代码:
let name = 'bytefish';
let message = 'Hi '+ name + '!';;
使用模板文字清洁代码:
let name = 'bytefish';
let message = `Hi ${name}!`;;
10、使用速记
正常代码:
let x = 1
if (x !== '' && x !== null && x !== undefined) {
console.log('x is not nullish')
};
使用速记运算符清洁代码:
let x = 1
if (!!x){
console.log('x is not nullish')
};
总结
以上就是我今天跟你分享的10个简单编写JavaScript的技巧,希望对你有用。
来源:https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/95nRBYLghCgPCZ7pKxbLpQ