spring事务失效的几种场景以及原因
前言
spring事务失效场景可能大家在很多文章都看过了，所以今天就水一篇，看大家能不能收获一些不一样的东西。直接进入主题
spring事务失效场景以及原因
1、场景一：service没有托管给spring
public class TranInvalidCaseWithoutInjectSpring {
private UserService userService;
public TranInvalidCaseWithoutInjectSpring(UserService userService) {
this.userService = userService;
}
@Transactional
public boolean add(User user){
boolean isSuccess = userService.save(user);
int i = 1 % 0;
return isSuccess;
}
} @Test
public void testServiceWithoutInjectSpring(){
boolean randomBoolean = new Random().nextBoolean();
TranInvalidCaseWithoutInjectSpring tranInvalidCaseWithoutInjectSpring;
if(randomBoolean){
tranInvalidCaseWithoutInjectSpring = applicationContext.getBean(TranInvalidCaseWithoutInjectSpring.class);
System.out.println("service已经被spring托管");
}else{
tranInvalidCaseWithoutInjectSpring = new TranInvalidCaseWithoutInjectSpring(userService);
System.out.println("service没被spring托管");
}
boolean isSuccess = tranInvalidCaseWithoutInjectSpring.add(user);
Assert.assertTrue(isSuccess);
}失效原因： spring事务生效的前提是，service必须是一个bean对象
解决方案： 将service注入spring
2、场景二：抛出受检异常
@Service
public class TranInvalidCaseByThrowCheckException {
@Autowired
private UserService userService;
@Transactional
public boolean add(User user) throws FileNotFoundException {
boolean isSuccess = userService.save(user);
new FileInputStream("1.txt");
return isSuccess;
}
} @Test
public void testThrowCheckException() throws Exception{
boolean randomBoolean = new Random().nextBoolean();
boolean isSuccess = false;
TranInvalidCaseByThrowCheckException tranInvalidCaseByThrowCheckException = applicationContext.getBean(TranInvalidCaseByThrowCheckException.class);
if(randomBoolean){
System.out.println("配置@Transactional(rollbackFor = Exception.class)");
isSuccess = tranInvalidCaseByThrowCheckException.save(user);
}else{
System.out.println("配置@Transactional");
tranInvalidCaseByThrowCheckException.add(user);
}
Assert.assertTrue(isSuccess);
}失效原因： spring默认只会回滚非检查异常和error异常
解决方案： 配置rollbackFor
3、场景三：业务自己捕获了异常
@Transactional
public boolean add(User user) {
boolean isSuccess = userService.save(user);
try {
int i = 1 % 0;
} catch (Exception e) {
}
return isSuccess;
} @Test
public void testCatchExecption() throws Exception{
boolean randomBoolean = new Random().nextBoolean();
boolean isSuccess = false;
TranInvalidCaseWithCatchException tranInvalidCaseByThrowCheckException = applicationContext.getBean(TranInvalidCaseWithCatchException.class);
if(randomBoolean){
randomBoolean = new Random().nextBoolean();
if(randomBoolean){
System.out.println("将异常原样抛出");
tranInvalidCaseByThrowCheckException.save(user);
}else{
System.out.println("设置TransactionAspectSupport.currentTransactionStatus().setRollbackOnly();");
tranInvalidCaseByThrowCheckException.addWithRollBack(user);
}
}else{
System.out.println("业务自己捕获了异常");
tranInvalidCaseByThrowCheckException.add(user);
}
Assert.assertTrue(isSuccess);
}失效原因： spring事务只有捕捉到了业务抛出去的异常，才能进行后续的处理，如果业务自己捕获了异常，则事务无法感知
解决方案：
1、将异常原样抛出；
2、设置TransactionAspectSupport.currentTransactionStatus().setRollbackOnly();
4、场景四：切面顺序导致
@Service
public class TranInvalidCaseWithAopSort {
@Autowired
private UserService userService;
@Transactional
public boolean save(User user) {
boolean isSuccess = userService.save(user);
try {
int i = 1 % 0;
} catch (Exception e) {
throw new RuntimeException();
}
return isSuccess;
}
}@Aspect
@Component
@Slf4j
public class AopAspect {
@Around(value = " execution (* com.github.lybgeek.transcase.aopsort..*.*(..))")
public Object around(ProceedingJoinPoint pjp){
try {
System.out.println("这是一个切面");
return pjp.proceed();
} catch (Throwable throwable) {
log.error("{}",throwable);
}
return null;
}
}失效原因： spring事务切面的优先级顺序最低，但如果自定义的切面优先级和他一样，且自定义的切面没有正确处理异常，则会同业务自己捕获异常的那种场景一样
解决方案：
1、在切面中将异常原样抛出；
2、在切面中设置TransactionAspectSupport.currentTransactionStatus().setRollbackOnly();
5、场景五：非public方法
@Service
public class TranInvalidCaseWithAccessPerm {
@Autowired
private UserService userService;
@Transactional
protected boolean save(User user){
boolean isSuccess = userService.save(user);
try {
int i = 1 % 0;
} catch (Exception e) {
throw new RuntimeException();
}
return isSuccess;
}
}public class TranInvalidCaseWithAccessPermTest {
public static void main(String[] args) {
ConfigurableApplicationContext context = SpringApplication.run(Application.class);
TranInvalidCaseWithAccessPerm tranInvalidCaseWithAccessPerm = context.getBean(TranInvalidCaseWithAccessPerm.class);
boolean isSuccess = tranInvalidCaseWithAccessPerm.save(UserUtils.getUser());
System.out.println(isSuccess);
}
}失效原因： spring事务默认生效的方法权限都必须为public
解决方案：
1、将方法改为public；
2、修改TansactionAttributeSource,将publicMethodsOnly改为false【这个从源码跟踪得出结论】
3、开启 AspectJ 代理模式【从spring文档得出结论】
文档如下Method visibility and @Transactional When using proxies, you should apply the @Transactional annotation only to methods with public visibility. If you do annotate protected, private or package-visible methods with the @Transactional annotation, no error is raised, but the annotated method does not exhibit the configured transactional settings. Consider the use of AspectJ (see below) if you need to annotate non-public methods.
具体步骤：
1、在pom引入aspectjrt坐标以及相应插件
<dependency>
<groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
<artifactId>aspectjrt</artifactId>
<version>1.8.9</version>
</dependency>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.codehaus.mojo</groupId>
<artifactId>aspectj-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<version>1.9</version>
<configuration>
<showWeaveInfo>true</showWeaveInfo>
<aspectLibraries>
<aspectLibrary>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId>
</aspectLibrary>
</aspectLibraries>
</configuration>
<executions>
<execution>
<goals>
<goal>compile</goal> <!-- use this goal to weave all your main classes -->
<goal>test-compile</goal> <!-- use this goal to weave all your test classes -->
</goals>
</execution>
</executions>
</plugin> 2、在启动类上加上如下配置
@EnableTransactionManagement(mode = AdviceMode.ASPECTJ)注： 如果是在idea上运行，则需做如下配置
在这里插入图片描述4、直接用TransactionTemplate
示例：
@Autowired
private TransactionTemplate transactionTemplate;
private void process(){
transactionTemplate.execute(new TransactionCallbackWithoutResult() {
@Override
protected void doInTransactionWithoutResult(TransactionStatus status) {
processInTransaction();
}
});
}6、场景六：父子容器
失效原因： 子容器扫描范围过大，将未加事务配置的serivce扫描进来
解决方案：
1、父子容器个扫个的范围；
2、不用父子容器，所有bean都交给同一容器管理
注： 因为示例是使用springboot，而springboot启动默认没有父子容器,只有一个容器，因此就该场景就演示示例了
7、场景七：方法用final修饰
@Transactional
public final boolean add(User user, UserService userService) {
boolean isSuccess = userService.save(user);
try {
int i = 1 % 0;
} catch (Exception e) {
throw new RuntimeException();
}
return isSuccess;
}失效原因： 因为spring事务是用动态代理实现，因此如果方法使用了final修饰，则代理类无法对目标方法进行重写，植入事务功能
解决方案：
1、方法不要用final修饰
8、场景八：方法用static修饰
@Transactional
public static boolean save(User user, UserService userService) {
boolean isSuccess = userService.save(user);
try {
int i = 1 % 0;
} catch (Exception e) {
throw new RuntimeException();
}
return isSuccess;
}失效原因： 原因和final一样
解决方案：
1、方法不要用static修饰
9、场景九：调用本类方法
public boolean save(User user) {
return this.saveUser(user);
}
@Transactional
public boolean saveUser(User user) {
boolean isSuccess = userService.save(user);
try {
int i = 1 % 0;
} catch (Exception e) {
throw new RuntimeException();
}
return isSuccess;
}失效原因： 本类方法不经过代理，无法进行增强
解决方案：
1、注入自己来调用；
2、使用@EnableAspectJAutoProxy(exposeProxy = true) + AopContext.currentProxy()
10、场景十：多线程调用
@Transactional(rollbackFor = Exception.class)
public boolean save(User user) throws ExecutionException, InterruptedException {
Future<Boolean> future = executorService.submit(() -> {
boolean isSuccess = userService.save(user);
try {
int i = 1 % 0;
} catch (Exception e) {
throw new Exception();
}
return isSuccess;
});
return future.get();
}失效原因： 因为spring的事务是通过数据库连接来实现，而数据库连接spring是放在threadLocal里面。同一个事务，只能用同一个数据库连接。而多线程场景下，拿到的数据库连接是不一样的，即是属于不同事务
11、场景十一：错误的传播行为
@Transactional(propagation = Propagation.NOT_SUPPORTED)
public boolean save(User user) {
boolean isSuccess = userService.save(user);
try {
int i = 1 % 0;
} catch (Exception e) {
throw new RuntimeException();
}
return isSuccess;
}失效原因： 使用的传播特性不支持事务
12、场景十二：使用了不支持事务的存储引擎
失效原因： 使用了不支持事务的存储引擎。比如mysql中的MyISAM
13、场景十三：数据源没有配置事务管理器
注： 因为springboot，他默认已经开启事务管理器。org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jdbc.DataSourceTransactionManagerAutoConfiguration。因此示例略过
14、场景十四：被代理的类过早实例化
@Service
public class TranInvalidCaseInstantiatedTooEarly implements BeanPostProcessor , Ordered {
@Autowired
private UserService userService;
@Transactional
public boolean save(User user) {
boolean isSuccess = userService.save(user);
try {
int i = 1 % 0;
} catch (Exception e) {
throw new RuntimeException();
}
return isSuccess;
}
@Override
public int getOrder() {
return 1;
}
}失效原因： 当代理类的实例化早于AbstractAutoProxyCreator后置处理器，就无法被AbstractAutoProxyCreator后置处理器增强
总结
本文列举了14种spring事务失效的场景，其实这14种里面有很多都是归根结底都是属于同一类问题引起，比如因为动态代理原因、方法限定符原因、异常类型原因等
demo链接
https://github.com/lyb-geek/springboot-learning/tree/master/springboot-transaction-invalid-case
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