SpringBoot里面创建导出Excel的接口

在Web项目中,难免需要导出Excel这样的功能,后端接口怎么实现呢,Controller代码在下面,复制到项目的Controller中即可使用:

一,首先加入Excel的依赖,本例中我们用apache的poi:

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
    <artifactId>poi</artifactId>
    <version>3.17</version>
</dependency>

二,后台导出Excel的Controller接口代码:
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.*;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;

@Controller
public class ExcelController {

/**
 * Excel表格导出接口
 * http://localhost:8080/ExcelDownload
 * @param response response对象
 * @throws IOException 抛IO异常
 */
@RequestMapping("/ExcelDownload")
public void excelDownload(HttpServletResponse response) throws IOException {
    //表头数据
    String[] header = {"ID", "姓名", "性别", "年龄", "地址", "分数"};

    //数据内容
    String[] student1 = {"1", "小红", "女", "23", "成都青羊区", "96"};
    String[] student2 = {"2", "小强", "男", "26", "成都金牛区", "91"};
    String[] student3 = {"3", "小明", "男", "28", "成都武侯区", "90"};

    //声明一个工作簿
    HSSFWorkbook workbook = new HSSFWorkbook();

    //生成一个表格,设置表格名称为"学生表"
    HSSFSheet sheet = workbook.createSheet("学生表");

    //设置表格列宽度为10个字节
    sheet.setDefaultColumnWidth(10);

    //创建第一行表头
    HSSFRow headrow = sheet.createRow(0);

    //遍历添加表头(下面模拟遍历学生,也是同样的操作过程)
    for (int i = 0; i < header.length; i++) {
        //创建一个单元格
        HSSFCell cell = headrow.createCell(i);

        //创建一个内容对象
        HSSFRichTextString text = new HSSFRichTextString(header[i]);

        //将内容对象的文字内容写入到单元格中
        cell.setCellValue(text);
    }

    //模拟遍历结果集,把内容加入表格
    //模拟遍历第一个学生
    HSSFRow row1 = sheet.createRow(1);
    for (int i = 0; i < student1.length; i++) {
        HSSFCell cell = row1.createCell(i);
        HSSFRichTextString text = new HSSFRichTextString(student1[i]);
        cell.setCellValue(text);
    }

    //模拟遍历第二个学生
    HSSFRow row2 = sheet.createRow(2);
    for (int i = 0; i < student2.length; i++) {
        HSSFCell cell = row2.createCell(i);
        HSSFRichTextString text = new HSSFRichTextString(student2[i]);
        cell.setCellValue(text);
    }

    //模拟遍历第三个学生
    HSSFRow row3 = sheet.createRow(3);
    for (int i = 0; i < student3.length; i++) {
        HSSFCell cell = row3.createCell(i);
        HSSFRichTextString text = new HSSFRichTextString(student3[i]);
        cell.setCellValue(text);
    }

    //准备将Excel的输出流通过response输出到页面下载
    //八进制输出流
    response.setContentType("application/octet-stream");

    //这后面可以设置导出Excel的名称,此例中名为student.xls
    response.setHeader("Content-disposition", "attachment;filename=student.xls");

    //刷新缓冲
    response.flushBuffer();

    //workbook将Excel写入到response的输出流中,供页面下载
    workbook.write(response.getOutputStream());
}

}
三,测试

然后访问接口,弹出页面:

下载该Excel,打开后如下图:

至此为止,SpringBoot的后台Controller接口导出Excel数据表,已成功实现!

四,在项目中作为工具类使用:
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.*;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.List;

/**

  • Excel工具类
    */
    public class ExcelUtil {

    /**

    • Excel表格导出

    • @param response HttpServletResponse对象

    • @param excelData Excel表格的数据,封装为List<List>

    • @param sheetName sheet的名字

    • @param fileName 导出Excel的文件名

    • @param columnWidth Excel表格的宽度,建议为15

    • @throws IOException 抛IO异常
      */
      public static void exportExcel(HttpServletResponse response,
      List<List> excelData,
      String sheetName,
      String fileName,
      int columnWidth) throws IOException {

      //声明一个工作簿
      HSSFWorkbook workbook = new HSSFWorkbook();

      //生成一个表格,设置表格名称
      HSSFSheet sheet = workbook.createSheet(sheetName);

      //设置表格列宽度
      sheet.setDefaultColumnWidth(columnWidth);

      //写入List<List>中的数据
      int rowIndex = 0;
      for(List data : excelData){
      //创建一个row行,然后自增1
      HSSFRow row = sheet.createRow(rowIndex++);

       //遍历添加本行数据
       for (int i = 0; i < data.size(); i++) {
           //创建一个单元格
           HSSFCell cell = row.createCell(i);
      
           //创建一个内容对象
           HSSFRichTextString text = new HSSFRichTextString(data.get(i));
      
           //将内容对象的文字内容写入到单元格中
           cell.setCellValue(text);
       }
      

      }

      //准备将Excel的输出流通过response输出到页面下载
      //八进制输出流
      response.setContentType("application/octet-stream");

      //设置导出Excel的名称
      response.setHeader("Content-disposition", "attachment;filename=" + fileName);

      //刷新缓冲
      response.flushBuffer();

      //workbook将Excel写入到response的输出流中,供页面下载该Excel文件
      workbook.write(response.getOutputStream());

      //关闭workbook
      workbook.close();
      }

}

五,封装工具调用示例:
/**

  • Excel表格导出接口

  • http://localhost:8080/ExcelDownload

  • @param response response对象

  • @throws IOException 抛IO异常
    */
    @RequestMapping("/ExcelDownload")
    public void excelDownload(HttpServletResponse response) throws IOException {

    List<List> excelData = new ArrayList<>();

    List head = new ArrayList<>();
    head.add("第一列");
    head.add("第二列");
    head.add("第三列");

    List data1 = new ArrayList<>();
    data1.add("123");
    data1.add("234");
    data1.add("345");

    List data2 = new ArrayList<>();
    data2.add("abc");
    data2.add("bcd");
    data2.add("cde");

    excelData.add(head);
    excelData.add(data1);
    excelData.add(data2);

    String sheetName = "测试";
    String fileName = "ExcelTest.xls";

    ExcelUtil.exportExcel(response, excelData, sheetName, fileName, 15);
    }

posted @ 2021-11-23 11:53  憨憨青年  阅读(255)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报
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