android 自定义权限管理
在Android6.0后有些权限就需要进行询问，虽然可以将targetSdkVersion设置成小于等于23，但是这样可能有些东西无法使用，所以要进行权限的管理。
实现逻辑：打开页面就询问权限，如果没有权限就出现系统提示框，如果拒绝则弹出自定义警告框，左边是设置跳到系统的权限的界面，右边是结束当前的页面。
AndroidManifest.xml
<!--危险权限-->
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.RECORD_AUDIO"/>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" />
<!--一般权限-->
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.MODIFY_AUDIO_SETTINGS"/>
MainActivity.java
package com.kkrs.permission; import android.Manifest; import android.content.Intent; import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity; import android.os.Bundle; public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity { private static final int REQUEST_CODE = 0; // 请求码 // 所需的全部权限 static final String[] PERMISSIONS = new String[]{ Manifest.permission.RECORD_AUDIO, Manifest.permission.MODIFY_AUDIO_SETTINGS, Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE }; private PermissionsChecker mPermissionsChecker; // 权限检测器 @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_main); mPermissionsChecker = new PermissionsChecker(this); } @Override protected void onResume() { super.onResume(); // 缺少权限时, 进入权限配置页面 if (mPermissionsChecker.lacksPermissions(PERMISSIONS)) { startPermissionsActivity(); } } private void startPermissionsActivity() { PermissionsActivity.startActivityForResult(this, REQUEST_CODE, PERMISSIONS); } @Override protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) { super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data); // 拒绝时, 关闭页面, 缺少主要权限, 无法运行 if (requestCode == REQUEST_CODE && resultCode == PermissionsActivity.PERMISSIONS_DENIED) { finish(); } } }
PermissionsChecker.java
package com.kkrs.permission; import android.content.Context; import android.content.pm.PackageManager; import android.support.v4.content.ContextCompat; /** * Created by zd on 2018/12/10. */ public class PermissionsChecker { private final Context mContext; public PermissionsChecker(Context context) { mContext = context.getApplicationContext(); } // 判断权限集合 public boolean lacksPermissions(String... permissions) { for (String permission : permissions) { if (lacksPermission(permission)) { return true; } } return false; } // 判断是否缺少权限 private boolean lacksPermission(String permission) { return ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(mContext, permission) == PackageManager.PERMISSION_DENIED; } }
PermissionsActivity.java
package com.kkrs.permission; import android.app.Activity; import android.app.AlertDialog; import android.content.DialogInterface; import android.content.Intent; import android.content.pm.PackageManager; import android.net.Uri; import android.os.Bundle; import android.provider.Settings; import android.support.annotation.NonNull; import android.support.annotation.Nullable; import android.support.v4.app.ActivityCompat; import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity; /** * Created by zd on 2018/12/10. */ public class PermissionsActivity extends AppCompatActivity { public static final int PERMISSIONS_GRANTED = 0; // 权限授权 public static final int PERMISSIONS_DENIED = 1; // 权限拒绝 private static final int PERMISSION_REQUEST_CODE = 0; // 系统权限管理页面的参数 private static final String EXTRA_PERMISSIONS = "com.kkrs.permission.permission.extra_permission"; // 权限参数 private static final String PACKAGE_URL_SCHEME = "package:"; // 方案 private PermissionsChecker mChecker; // 权限检测器 private boolean isRequireCheck; // 是否需要系统权限检测 // 启动当前权限页面的公开接口 public static void startActivityForResult(Activity activity, int requestCode, String... permissions) { Intent intent = new Intent(activity, PermissionsActivity.class); intent.putExtra(EXTRA_PERMISSIONS, permissions); ActivityCompat.startActivityForResult(activity, intent, requestCode, null); } @Override protected void onCreate(@Nullable Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); if (getIntent() == null || !getIntent().hasExtra(EXTRA_PERMISSIONS)) { throw new RuntimeException("PermissionsActivity需要使用静态startActivityForResult方法启动!"); } setContentView(R.layout.activity_permissions); mChecker = new PermissionsChecker(this); isRequireCheck = true; } @Override protected void onResume() { super.onResume(); if (isRequireCheck) { String[] permissions = getPermissions(); if (mChecker.lacksPermissions(permissions)) { requestPermissions(permissions); // 请求权限 } else { allPermissionsGranted(); // 全部权限都已获取 } } else { isRequireCheck = true; } } // 返回传递的权限参数 private String[] getPermissions() { return getIntent().getStringArrayExtra(EXTRA_PERMISSIONS); } // 请求权限兼容低版本 private void requestPermissions(String... permissions) { ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this, permissions, PERMISSION_REQUEST_CODE); } // 全部权限均已获取 private void allPermissionsGranted() { setResult(PERMISSIONS_GRANTED); finish(); } /** * 用户权限处理, * 如果全部获取, 则直接过. * 如果权限缺失, 则提示Dialog. * * @param requestCode 请求码 * @param permissions 权限 * @param grantResults 结果 */ @Override public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, @NonNull String[] permissions, @NonNull int[] grantResults) { if (requestCode == PERMISSION_REQUEST_CODE && hasAllPermissionsGranted(grantResults)) { isRequireCheck = true; allPermissionsGranted(); } else { isRequireCheck = false; showMissingPermissionDialog(); } } // 含有全部的权限 private boolean hasAllPermissionsGranted(@NonNull int[] grantResults) { for (int grantResult : grantResults) { if (grantResult == PackageManager.PERMISSION_DENIED) { return false; } } return true; } // 显示缺失权限提示 private void showMissingPermissionDialog() { AlertDialog.Builder builder = new AlertDialog.Builder(PermissionsActivity.this); builder.setTitle("权限标题"); builder.setMessage("需要权限的内容"); // 拒绝, 退出应用 builder.setNegativeButton("退出", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) { setResult(PERMISSIONS_DENIED); finish(); } }); builder.setPositiveButton("设置", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) { startAppSettings(); } }); builder.show(); } // 启动应用的设置 private void startAppSettings() { Intent intent = new Intent(Settings.ACTION_APPLICATION_DETAILS_SETTINGS); intent.setData(Uri.parse(PACKAGE_URL_SCHEME + getPackageName())); startActivity(intent); } }
效果
