unity 2D 学习笔记（1）

学习视频教程无邪：

https://space.bilibili.com/335835274/channel/detail?cid=112338

无邪教程

画个自己的像素人物

后续是给这个人物添加动画

直接将导出的png图片拖入Unity中，创建一个2d对象

把每个导入的动作分割成单独的16*16的图片，

多选中多张图片一起拖到对象上，则可給该对象创建动画

打开动画窗口即可看到当前对象的所有动画

在动画界面中创建几个全局变量来控制动画切换

在脚本代码中获取该对象的动画组件并通过判断player的动作方向来设置几个全局变量的值，理论上这几个全局变量一旦切换动画就会根据逻辑对应的切换

   using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using UnityEngine;


public class PlayerController : MonoBehaviour
{
    public float MoveSpeed;
    private Animator Myanimator;
    private Rigidbody2D Myrigidbody2D;
    // Start is called before the first frame update
    void Start()
    {
        MoveSpeed = 5;
        Myanimator = GetComponent<Animator>();
        Myrigidbody2D = GetComponent<Rigidbody2D>();
    }

    // Update is called once per frame
    void Update()
    {
        PlayerMove();
        CheckPlayerDirectory();
    }


    void PlayerMove()
    {
        float MoveDirH = Input.GetAxis("Horizontal");
        float MoveDirV = Input.GetAxis("Vertical");
        Vector2 vector = new Vector2(MoveDirH * MoveSpeed, MoveDirV* MoveSpeed);
        Myrigidbody2D.velocity = vector;

        //if (Input.GetKey(KeyCode.W))
        //{
        //    gameObject.transform.Translate(Vector3.up * MoveSpeed * Time.deltaTime);
        //}
        //if (Input.GetKey(KeyCode.S))
        //{
        //    gameObject.transform.Translate(Vector3.down * MoveSpeed * Time.deltaTime);
        //}
        //if (Input.GetKey(KeyCode.A))
        //{
        //    gameObject.transform.Translate(Vector3.left * MoveSpeed * Time.deltaTime);
        //}
        //if (Input.GetKey(KeyCode.D))
        //{
        //    gameObject.transform.Translate(Vector3.right * MoveSpeed * Time.deltaTime);
        //}
    }
    
      void CheckPlayerDirectory()
    {

        if (Myrigidbody2D.velocity.x < 0)
        {
            Myanimator.SetBool("IsMoveLeft", true);
            Debug.Log("IsMoveLeft -> true");
        }
        else
        {
            Myanimator.SetBool("IsMoveLeft", false);
        }
        /**************************************************************/
        if (Myrigidbody2D.velocity.x > 0)
        {
            Myanimator.SetBool("IsMoveRight", true);
        }
        else
        {
            Myanimator.SetBool("IsMoveRight", false);
        }
        /**************************************************************/
        if (Myrigidbody2D.velocity.y > 0)
        {
            Myanimator.SetBool("IsMoveUp", true);
        }
        else
        {
            Myanimator.SetBool("IsMoveUp", false);
        }
        /**************************************************************/

        if (Myrigidbody2D.velocity.y < 0)
        {
            Myanimator.SetBool("IsMoveDown", true);
        }
        else
        {
            Myanimator.SetBool("IsMoveDown", false);
        }
        /**************************************************************/
        if (Mathf.Abs( Myrigidbody2D.velocity.y ) < Mathf.Epsilon && Mathf.Abs(Myrigidbody2D.velocity.x) < Mathf.Epsilon)
        {
            Myanimator.SetBool("IsMoveDown", true);
        }
    }

向左走和向右走可以共享同一个动画

具体做法是判断角色的运动方向并在脚本里面选择是否反转角色

代码如下

transform.localRotation = Quaternion.Euler(0,180,0);

最终还是决定做个横板跳跃游戏

人物绘制如下

一个会跳跃的小至尊宝，名字叫做Hx

做一个简易场景，给Hx的脚部添加Box Collider 2d组件使得其能站在地面上

给Hx的身体部分添加Capsule Collider 2d 使其能和其他物体产生碰撞

添加脚本控制人物移动和判断人物当前运动状态切换不同的动画

代码如下

using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using UnityEngine;

public class HxControl : MonoBehaviour
{
    public float MoveSpeed;
    public bool IsAdministrator;

    private Rigidbody2D myrigibody;
    private Animator myAnimator;



    // Start is called before the first frame update
    void Start()
    {
        MoveSpeed = 5;
        myrigibody = GetComponent<Rigidbody2D>();
        myAnimator = GetComponent<Animator>();

        //IsAdministrator = false;

    }

    // Update is called once per frame
    void Update()
    {
        Run();
        Jump();
        CheckAnimotion();


    }

    private void Run()
    {
        float MoveDir = Input.GetAxis("Horizontal");
        Vector2 vector2 = new Vector2(MoveDir*MoveSpeed,myrigibody.velocity.y);
        myrigibody.velocity = vector2;
    }
    private void Jump()
    {
        if (myAnimator.GetBool("IsHxJump") || myAnimator.GetBool("IsHxFly"))
        {

        }
        else
        {
            if (Input.GetButtonDown("Jump"))
            {
                Vector2 vector2 = new Vector2(myrigibody.velocity.x, MoveSpeed * 1.4f);
                myrigibody.velocity = vector2;
            }
        }
        //确认为超级管理员 则可以随便飞
        if (IsAdministrator)
        {
            if (Input.GetButtonDown("Jump"))
            {
                Vector2 vector2 = new Vector2(myrigibody.velocity.x, MoveSpeed * 1.4f);
                myrigibody.velocity = vector2;
            }
        }

    }
    private void CheckAnimotion()
    {
        if (Mathf.Abs(myrigibody.velocity.x) < Mathf.Epsilon && Mathf.Abs(myrigibody.velocity.y) < Mathf.Epsilon)
        {
            myAnimator.SetBool("IsHxJump", false);
            myAnimator.SetBool("IsHxRun", false);
            myAnimator.SetBool("IsHxFly", false);
        }
        else
        {
            if (Mathf.Abs(myrigibody.velocity.y) > Mathf.Abs(Mathf.Epsilon))
            {
                if (myrigibody.velocity.y > Mathf.Epsilon)
                {
                    myAnimator.SetBool("IsHxJump", true);
                }
                if (myrigibody.velocity.y < -Mathf.Epsilon)
                {
                    myAnimator.SetBool("IsHxFly", true);
                }
            }
            else
            {
                myAnimator.SetBool("IsHxFly", false);
                myAnimator.SetBool("IsHxJump", false);
                if (myrigibody.velocity.x < -Mathf.Epsilon)
                {
                    myAnimator.SetBool("IsHxRun", true);
                    transform.localRotation = Quaternion.Euler(0, 0, 0);
                }
                if (myrigibody.velocity.x > -Mathf.Epsilon)
                {
                    myAnimator.SetBool("IsHxRun", true);
                    transform.localRotation = Quaternion.Euler(0, 180, 0);
                }
            }
        }

    }

}

添加攻击动画

理论上来说攻击可以从任意状态触发，则动画流程图如下

攻击状态可以从any state出现，动画结束后又可以回到之前的状态

攻击动画选用Triger类型的变量触发

触发代码为

    private void Acttack()
    {
        if (Input.GetButtonDown("Attack"))
        {
            myAnimator.SetTrigger("IsHxAttack");
            Debug.Log("IsHxAttack");
        }
    }

攻击状态下添加HitBox

在Hx下新建一个空的子对象名字叫HxAttack

在HxAttack下面添加组件 Polygon Colloder 2d 多边形碰撞组件取消该组件前的复选框

添加脚本：判断当攻击按键按下时使能碰撞组件，并一定时间后禁用碰撞组件

脚本代码如下：

    public int DamdgeVal;
    private Animator animator;
    private PolygonCollider2D polygonCollider;

    // Start is called before the first frame update
    void Start()
    {
        animator = GameObject.FindGameObjectWithTag("Player").GetComponent<Animator>();
        polygonCollider = GetComponent<PolygonCollider2D>();
    }

    // Update is called once per frame
    void Update()
    {
        
    }

    void Attack()
    {
        if (Input.GetKeyDown("Attack"))
        {
            polygonCollider.enabled = true;
            StartCoroutine(DisableHitBox());
        }
    }

    IEnumerator DisableHitBox()
    {
        yield return new WaitForSeconds(0.6f);
        polygonCollider.enabled = false;
    }

攻击效果实现

创建一个物体，这里我创建了一截树干

给树干添加Box Collider 2d 碰撞检测框

    /// <summary>
    /// 怪物的血量
    /// </summary>
    public int healthVal;
    /// <summary>
    /// 怪物的伤害值
    /// </summary>
    public int damageVal;
    /// <summary>
    /// 
    /// </summary>
    private SpriteRenderer sr;
    /// <summary>
    /// the base Color of The Enemy
    /// </summary>
    private Color OriginColor;

脚本代码中添加以上变量

    public void Start()
    {
        sr = GetComponent<SpriteRenderer>();
        OriginColor = sr.color;
    }

获取树干的精灵组件，将原始颜色赋值给变量

    public void Update()
    {
        if (healthVal <= 0)
        {
            Destroy(gameObject);
        }
    }

每一帧判断自身血量，若血量归零则摧毁这个对象

    public void TaskDamage(int damage)
    {
        this.healthVal -= damage;
        Instantiate(BloodEffect,transform.position,Quaternion.identity);
        FlashColor(0.3f);

    }

    void FlashColor(float conTime)
    {
        sr.color = Color.red;
        Invoke("ResetColor", conTime);

    }
    void ResetColor()
    {
        sr.color = OriginColor;
    }

新增public 受到攻击的函数供外部对象调用

受到攻击后自身生命值减少/

初始化一个外部传进来的GameObject（这是外面写好的一个粒子特效，用作掉血效果）/

自身的颜色切换成Color.Red并延时0.3s后恢复原来的颜色

而在Hx代码块内新增攻击函数如下：

    private void OnTriggerEnter2D(Collider2D other)
    {
        if (other.gameObject.CompareTag("Enemy"))
        {
            other.GetComponent<Enemy>().TaskDamage(DamdgeVal);
        }
    }