C#中的类
一、类的定义
class Study //类名
{
string name; //字段
public void setName(string AName) //方法
{
this.name = AName;
}
public string getName() //方法
{
return this.name;
}
}
二、传递参数
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
namespace Study
{
class Program
{
public enum TimeOfDay
{
Monring=0,
Afternoon=1,
Evening=2
}
static void Greet(TimeOfDay timeOfDay)
{
switch (timeOfDay)
{
case TimeOfDay.Monring:
{
Console.WriteLine("早上好");
break;
}
case TimeOfDay.Afternoon:
{
Console.WriteLine("中午好");
break;
}
case TimeOfDay.Evening:
{
Console.WriteLine("晚上好");
break;
}
}
}
static void Main(string[] args)
{
/*TimeOfDay time = (TimeOfDay)Enum.Parse(typeof(TimeOfDay), "Evening", true);
Console.WriteLine((int)time);
Console.ReadLine();*/
ushort[] mynum = {1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9 };
string name = "kiny";
Study eg = new Study();
byte param = 100;
eg.setName(name);
Console.WriteLine(eg.getName()); //传递一个字符串
Console.WriteLine(eg.Sum(mynum)); //传递一个数组（也是一个引用）
//函数内改变了mynum[0]的值
Console.WriteLine(mynum[0]); //输出500
eg.ChangeParam(ref param); //传递一个引用
Console.WriteLine(param); //输出101
//传递一个类对象
Test myTest = new Test();
Console.WriteLine(eg.ParamObject(myTest)); //输出100
//C#里的变量定义了要就要初始化，在参数传递时就可以不初始化变量，out
string out_name;
Console.WriteLine(eg.ParamOut(out out_name)); //输出kiny
Console.ReadLine();
}
}
class Study //类名
{
string name; //字段
public void setName(string AName) //方法
{
this.name = AName;
}
public string getName() //方法
{
return this.name;
}
public ushort Sum(ushort[] number)
{
ushort sum = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < number.Length -1; i++)
{
sum += number[i];
}
number[0] = 500;
return sum;
}
public void ChangeParam(ref byte Value)
{
Value += 1;
}
public string ParamObject(Test obj)
{
return obj.getAge().ToString();
}
public string ParamOut(out string name)
{
return name = "kiny";
}
}
class Test
{
byte age = 100;
public void setAge(byte Value)
{
this.age = Value;
}
public byte getAge()
{
return this.age;
}
}
}
三、函数重载(与Delphi非常相似)
不同的参数类型，不同的参数个数，相同的函数名称。
public void setAge(byte Value)
{
this.age = Value;
}
public void setAge(string name,byte Value)
{
this.name = name;
this.age = Value;
}
public string setAge(string name,byte Value) //不是函数重载，函数重载不能用不同的返回类型区分。
{
this.name = name;
this.age = Value;
}
public string setAge(string name,rel byte Value) //不是函数重载，函数重载不能用不用rel out来区分。
{
this.name = name;
this.age = Value;
}
四、属性
private string strName;
public string Name
{
set //省略set即为只读属性
{
strName = value;
}
get //省略get即为只写属性
{
return strName;
}
}
五、构造函数
class Test
{
private Test()
{
//初始化数据
}
private Test(string name,byte age)
{
//构造函数重载
}
}
对于没有构造函数的类，编译器会自动加一个最基本的构造函数，即把所有引用设为null，number设为0，bool设为false。
六、静态构造函数
class Test
{
static Test()
{
//只运行一次的初始化
}
}
七、只读字段
public readonly byte MaxNumber;
只读字段和常量(const)的区别：只读字段允许在类的构造函数内赋值，但不允许在其他地方赋值。
八、类简单的例子
C#类继承
abstract class Human //抽象类
{
public string name;
public byte age;
public Human()
{
name = null;
age = 0;
}
public abstract string Speak();
}
sealed class Man : Human //继承类
{
private bool beard;
private bool marry;
public bool Beard //属性
{
set
{
beard = value;
}
get
{
return beard;
}
}
public bool Marry
{
set
{
marry = value;
}
get
{
return marry;
}
}
public void setAge(byte Value)
{
base.age = Value;
}
public byte Age
{
set
{
setAge(value);
}
get
{
return base.age;
}
}
public Man() //构造函数
{
beard = false;
marry = false;
}
public override string Speak() //方法
{
return "helloworld";
}
}
Delphi里的代码
program Project1;
{$APPTYPE CONSOLE}
uses
SysUtils;
type
THuman = class
private
FName:string;
FAge:Byte;
public
constructor Create();
function Speak():string;abstract;
property Name:string read FName write FName;
property Age:Byte read FAge write FAge;
end;
TMan = class(THuman)
private
FBeard:Boolean;
FMarry:Boolean;
procedure SetAge(Value:Byte);
public
constructor Create();
function Speak():string;override;
property Beard:Boolean read FBeard write FBeard;
property Marry:Boolean read FMarry write FMarry;
end;
{ THuman }
constructor THuman.Create;
begin
end;
{ TMan }
constructor TMan.Create;
begin
end;
procedure TMan.SetAge(Value: Byte);
begin
FAge := Value;
end;
function TMan.Speak: string;
begin
Result := 'HelloWorld';
end;
begin
{ TODO -oUser -cConsole Main : Insert code here }
end.
