Optparse 简介
optparse 这个库的主要作用是可以用为脚本提供传递命令参数功能
一个简单的例子
def main():
parser = OptionParser(usage = "usage: %prog [option] arg1")
parser.add_option("-s","--startdate",
action = "store",type= "string",dest = 'StartDate',default = "Latest",
help = "Type the StartDate, otherwise it will be the Latest Date of What You Have in Your Computer",)
print(parser.StartDate)
If __name__ == '__main__':
main()
假设改脚本的名字为A.py, 然后你可以进入命令行,输入
python A.py -s 20170504
你会得到
20170504
简单介绍一下parser.add_option()的参数
action: 指示optparse解析一个命令行参数时该如何处理。简单的来说,就是如果命令行如果传递了参数,我们该怎么办。常见的参数有 store, store_true, store_false. store 是把你输入的参数存放到options对象里,store_true 和 store_false 是配合使用的,类似于boolean变量,如果你触发了store_true, 该命令对应的对象则为1, 反之则为0。
dest: dest可以调用你存进option对象的参数。用上面的例子,如果你输入上面的命令行命令,则会打印出20170504,这里起作用的是这一行
print(parser.dest)
也就是说,你输入的参数可以用dest来调用
default: default 是当你没有输入参数是,仅仅输入了-s,这里
parser.StartDate = 'Latest'
help: 是用来说明改命令是用来干什么,提供解释
parser.error() 用来报错
当然你也可以用sys.exit()
范例代码
import optparserparser
from optparser import OptionParser
def main():
parser = OptionParser(usage = "usage: %prog [option] arg1")
parser.add_option("-s","--startdate",
action = "store",type= "string",dest = 'StartDate',default = "Latest",
help = "Type the StartDate, otherwise it will be the Latest Date of What You Have in Your Computer",)
parser.add_option("-e","--enddate",
action = "store",type= "string",dest = 'EndDate', default = "Today",
help = "Type the EndDate, otherwise it will be Today",)
parser.add_option("-f","--from",
action = "store",type = "string",dest = "UserID",
help = "Website",)
parser.add_option("-t","--to",
action = "store",type = "string",dest = "SaveAddress",default = "C:/Users/kinsly/Work",
help = "Type the Address you want to save",)
(option,args) = parser.parse_args()
if not options.UserID:
parser.error('ID is not given')
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()
reference:
- Python: How to make an option to be required in optparse?
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/4407539/python-how-to-make-an-option-to-be-required-in-optparse - Python模块学习——使用 optparse 处理命令行参数
http://shelly-kuang.iteye.com/blog/797713 - optparse — Parser for command line options
https://docs.python.org/3/library/optparse.html - Python optparser库详解
http://blog.csdn.net/marksinoberg/article/details/51842197
Financial Engineering, Python