mysql 视图使用

视图是由一个或多个基础表(或视图)产生的虚拟表,数据库里存放了视图的定义,对应的数据是存放在物理数据表中。

使用视图有时可以简化用户操作,尤其是在需要关联多表查询时,不用关心视图查询的内部结构,只关注在索要获取的数据上

语法格式如下:

CREATE VIEW <视图名> AS <SELECT语句>

语法说明如下。

  • <视图名>:指定视图的名称。该名称在数据库中必须是唯一的,不能与其他表或视图同名。
  • <SELECT语句>:指定创建视图的 SELECT 语句,可用于查询多个基础表或源视图。

1、准备工作

订单表:

DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `t_order`;
CREATE TABLE `t_order` (
`id`  int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT ,
`user_id`  int(11) NOT NULL ,
`order_time`  int(10) NOT NULL ,
`fee`  int(11) NOT NULL ,
PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
)
ENGINE=InnoDB
DEFAULT CHARACTER SET=utf8 COLLATE=utf8_general_ci;

订单详情表:

DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `t_order_detail`;
CREATE TABLE `t_order_detail` (
`id`  int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT ,
`goods_id`  varchar(10) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NOT NULL ,
`count`  int(11) NOT NULL ,
`order_id`  int(11) NOT NULL ,
PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
)
ENGINE=InnoDB
DEFAULT CHARACTER SET=utf8 COLLATE=utf8_general_ci;

商品表:

DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `t_goods`;
CREATE TABLE `t_goods` (
`id`  int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT ,
`good_name`  varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NOT NULL ,
`price`  int(11) NOT NULL ,
`stock`  int(11) NOT NULL ,
PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
)
ENGINE=InnoDB
DEFAULT CHARACTER SET=utf8 COLLATE=utf8_general_ci;

初始化测试数据:

INSERT INTO `t_goods` VALUES ('1', 'a', '12', '100'), ('2', 'b', '1', '100');
INSERT INTO `t_order` VALUES ('1', '1', '20190912', '1000000');
INSERT INTO `t_order_detail` VALUES ('1', '1', '10', '1'), ('2', '2', '5', '1');

2、创建视图

CREATE VIEW order_detail_2 (id, user_id, goods_name, goods_price, count, fee) AS SELECT
    o.id,
    o.user_id,
    tg.good_name,
    tg.price,
    tod.count,
    (tg.price * tod.count)
FROM
    t_order o
RIGHT JOIN t_order_detail tod ON o.id = tod.order_id
RIGHT JOIN t_goods tg ON tod.goods_id = tg.id
WHERE o.id = 1;

该视图是查询订单号为1的详细信息,之后就可以直接使用视图来查询了,查询过程就和基础表一样

SELECT * from order_detail;

 3、可以写个存储过程来添加数据

BEGIN
    
    DECLARE i int default 0;
    DECLARE y int default 0;
    DECLARE order_id INT;
    DECLARE goods_id INT;
    # 子订单数量
    DECLARE sub_order_count INT DEFAULT 1;

    
    # order_count为插入订单的数量控制,如果传入为null或者0时处理成0
    IF order_count IS NULL OR order_count = 0 THEN
        SET order_count = 1;
    END IF;

    WHILE i < order_count DO
        # 插入订单表
    INSERT INTO t_order(user_id, order_time) VALUES(00001,20190912);
        # 查询订单表最大的id
        SELECT MAX(id) INTO order_id FROM t_order;
    
        # 最多购买5件
        SELECT ROUND(RAND() * 5) INTO sub_order_count;
        WHILE y < sub_order_count DO
            # 商品id随机获取,ROUND是四舍五入,RAND是[0,1)的取值
            SELECT t1.id INTO goods_id FROM t_goods t1 JOIN (SELECT ROUND(RAND() * ((SELECT MAX(id) from t_goods) - (SELECT MIN(id) from t_goods)) + (SELECT MIN(id) from t_goods)) AS goods_id) AS t2 ON t1.id >= t2.goods_id ORDER BY t1.id LIMIT 1;
            # 插入订单详情表
            INSERT INTO t_order_detail(order_id, goods_id, count) VALUES(order_id, goods_id, 1);
            SET y = y + 1;
        END WHILE;
        # 清空订单详情的遍历标识
        SET y = 0;
    SET i = i + 1;
    END WHILE;
END

之后就可以通过调用来插入一些测试数据了,传入order_count

CALL add_while(10);

 

posted @ 2019-09-12 11:46  花拾夕  阅读(1962)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报