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Docker基础 - 02安装

Posted on 2021-11-02 21:19  Kingdomer  阅读(76)  评论(0)  编辑  收藏  举报

Docker基础 - 02安装

一、安装简介

1.1 依赖的基础环境

  • 64bits CPU
  • Linux Kernel 3.10+
  • Linux Kernel cgroups and namespaces

1.2 CentOS 7

  • "Extras" repository

1.3 Docker Daemon

  • systemctl start docker.service

1.4 Docker Client

  • docker [OPTIONS] COMMAND [arg...]

二、安装步骤

2.1 系统初始化： 设置主机名、关闭SELinux、关闭防火墙等

2.2 删除原有包、更新yum、安装基础环境

[root@localhost ~]# yum remove docker docker-client docker-client-latest docker-common docker-latest \ 
docker-latest-logrotate docker-logrotate docker-engine

[root@localhost ~]# yum -y update 
[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install yum-utils device-mapper-persistent-data lvm2

2.3 更新yum源仓库文件

[root@localhost ~]# yum-config-manager --add-repo  https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
已加载插件：fastestmirror
adding repo from: https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
grabbing file https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo to /etc/yum.repos.d/docker-ce.repo
repo saved to /etc/yum.repos.d/docker-ce.repo

[root@localhost ~]# yum-config-manager --add-repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
[root@localhost ~]# yum clean all
[root@localhost ~]# yum repolist

2.4 安装Docker

[root@localhost ~]# yum install docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io

[root@localhost ~]# docker --version
Docker version 19.03.13, build 4484c46d9d

2.5 配置Docker配置文件

设置Docker镜像加速： 阿里云账户

[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/docker/daemon.json
[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/docker/daemon.json
{
    "registry-mirrors": ["https://b5imc2v6.mirror.aliyuncs.com"],   
    "log-driver": "json-file",
    "log-opts": {
        "max-size": "100m"
    }
}

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl daemon-reload

 

{
  "registry-mirrors": ["https://b5imc2v6.mirror.aliyuncs.com"],
  "exec-opts": ["native.cgroupdriver=systemd"],
  "log-driver": "json-file",
  "log-opts": {
    "max-size": "100m"
  },
  "storage-driver": "overlay2",
  "storage-opts": [
    "overlay2.override_kernel_check=true"
  ],
  "bip": "10.0.1.1/24"
}

2.6 启动Docker服务

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl enable --now docker
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/docker.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service.

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl start docker.service

2.7 远程管理Docker服务

dockerd守护进程的C/S模式，其默认仅监听Unix Socket格式的地址，/var/run/docker.sock；
如果使用TCP套接字，需在/etc/docker/daemon.json添加
"hosts": ["tcp://192.168.234.6:39001","unix:///var/run/docker.sock"]

[root@cl-server ~]# cat /etc/docker/daemon.json 
"hosts": ["tcp://192.168.234.6:39001","unix:///var/run/docker.sock"]
[root@cl-server ~]# vi /usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service 
#ExecStart=/usr/bin/dockerd -H fd:// --containerd=/run/containerd/containerd.sock
ExecStart=/usr/bin/dockerd

[root@cl-server ~]# systemctl daemon-reload
[root@cl-server ~]# systemctl start  docker

[root@cl-node01 ~]# docker -H 192.168.234.6:39001 ps
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND   CREATED   STATUS    PORTS     NAMES
[root@cl-node01 ~]# docker -H 192.168.234.6:39001 images 
REPOSITORY                                        TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED        SIZE
kunking/httpd                                     v0.1-3    5a38ea0db06f   3 hours ago    1.23MB
kunking/httpd                                     v0.1-2    3d7b42c71d01   25 hours ago   1.23MB
registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/kunking/httpd   v0.1-2    3d7b42c71d01   25 hours ago   1.23MB
kunking/httpd                                     v0.1-1    b680392e10f2   25 hours ago   1.23MB
busybox                                           latest    388056c9a683   2 weeks ago    1.23MB

　　

三、Docker 信息

3.1 查看Docker 版本

[root@component ~]# docker version
Client: Docker Engine - Community
 Version:           20.10.10
 API version:       1.41
 Go version:        go1.16.9
 Git commit:        b485636
 Built:             Mon Oct 25 07:44:50 2021
 OS/Arch:           linux/amd64
 Context:           default
 Experimental:      true

Server: Docker Engine - Community
 Engine:
  Version:          20.10.10
  API version:      1.41 (minimum version 1.12)
  Go version:       go1.16.9
  Git commit:       e2f740d
  Built:            Mon Oct 25 07:43:13 2021
  OS/Arch:          linux/amd64
  Experimental:     false
 containerd:
  Version:          1.4.11
  GitCommit:        5b46e404f6b9f661a205e28d59c982d3634148f8
 runc:
  Version:          1.0.2
  GitCommit:        v1.0.2-0-g52b36a2
 docker-init:
  Version:          0.19.0
  GitCommit:        de40ad0

3.2 Docker Info信息

[root@component ~]# docker info
Client:
 Context:    default
 Debug Mode: false
 Plugins:
  app: Docker App (Docker Inc., v0.9.1-beta3)
  buildx: Build with BuildKit (Docker Inc., v0.6.3-docker)
  scan: Docker Scan (Docker Inc., v0.9.0)

Server:
 Containers: 0
  Running: 0
  Paused: 0
  Stopped: 0
 Images: 0
 Server Version: 20.10.10
 Storage Driver: overlay2
  Backing Filesystem: xfs
  Supports d_type: true
  Native Overlay Diff: true
  userxattr: false
 Logging Driver: json-file
 Cgroup Driver: cgroupfs
 Cgroup Version: 1
 Plugins:
  Volume: local
  Network: bridge host ipvlan macvlan null overlay
  Log: awslogs fluentd gcplogs gelf journald json-file local logentries splunk syslog
 Swarm: inactive
 Runtimes: runc io.containerd.runc.v2 io.containerd.runtime.v1.linux
 Default Runtime: runc
 Init Binary: docker-init
 containerd version: 5b46e404f6b9f661a205e28d59c982d3634148f8
 runc version: v1.0.2-0-g52b36a2
 init version: de40ad0
 Security Options:
  seccomp
   Profile: default
 Kernel Version: 3.10.0-957.el7.x86_64
 Operating System: CentOS Linux 7 (Core)
 OSType: linux
 Architecture: x86_64
 CPUs: 4
 Total Memory: 1.786GiB
 Name: component
 ID: UQUS:KTDY:NNLY:DPWU:AKP7:CBE3:OFPY:W7SO:NLM5:AD5S:TR5W:GTVD
 Docker Root Dir: /var/lib/docker
 Debug Mode: false
 Registry: https://index.docker.io/v1/
 Labels:
 Experimental: false
 Insecure Registries:
  127.0.0.0/8
 Registry Mirrors:
  https://b5imc2v6.mirror.aliyuncs.com/
 Live Restore Enabled: false

3.3 Docker命令

[root@component ~]# docker -h
Flag shorthand -h has been deprecated, please use --help

Usage:  docker [OPTIONS] COMMAND

A self-sufficient runtime for containers

Options:
      --config string      Location of client config files (default "/root/.docker")
  -c, --context string     Name of the context to use to connect to the daemon (overrides DOCKER_HOST env var and default context set with "docker context use")
  -D, --debug              Enable debug mode
  -H, --host list          Daemon socket(s) to connect to
  -l, --log-level string   Set the logging level ("debug"|"info"|"warn"|"error"|"fatal") (default "info")
      --tls                Use TLS; implied by --tlsverify
      --tlscacert string   Trust certs signed only by this CA (default "/root/.docker/ca.pem")
      --tlscert string     Path to TLS certificate file (default "/root/.docker/cert.pem")
      --tlskey string      Path to TLS key file (default "/root/.docker/key.pem")
      --tlsverify          Use TLS and verify the remote
  -v, --version            Print version information and quit

Management Commands:
  app*        Docker App (Docker Inc., v0.9.1-beta3)
  builder     Manage builds
  buildx*     Build with BuildKit (Docker Inc., v0.6.3-docker)
  config      Manage Docker configs
  container   Manage containers
  context     Manage contexts
  image       Manage images
  manifest    Manage Docker image manifests and manifest lists
  network     Manage networks
  node        Manage Swarm nodes
  plugin      Manage plugins
  scan*       Docker Scan (Docker Inc., v0.9.0)
  secret      Manage Docker secrets
  service     Manage services
  stack       Manage Docker stacks
  swarm       Manage Swarm
  system      Manage Docker
  trust       Manage trust on Docker images
  volume      Manage volumes

Commands:
  attach      Attach local standard input, output, and error streams to a running container
  build       Build an image from a Dockerfile
  commit      Create a new image from a container's changes
  cp          Copy files/folders between a container and the local filesystem
  create      Create a new container
  diff        Inspect changes to files or directories on a container's filesystem
  events      Get real time events from the server
  exec        Run a command in a running container
  export      Export a container's filesystem as a tar archive
  history     Show the history of an image
  images      List images
  import      Import the contents from a tarball to create a filesystem image
  info        Display system-wide information
  inspect     Return low-level information on Docker objects
  kill        Kill one or more running containers
  load        Load an image from a tar archive or STDIN
  login       Log in to a Docker registry
  logout      Log out from a Docker registry
  logs        Fetch the logs of a container
  pause       Pause all processes within one or more containers
  port        List port mappings or a specific mapping for the container
  ps          List containers
  pull        Pull an image or a repository from a registry
  push        Push an image or a repository to a registry
  rename      Rename a container
  restart     Restart one or more containers
  rm          Remove one or more containers
  rmi         Remove one or more images
  run         Run a command in a new container
  save        Save one or more images to a tar archive (streamed to STDOUT by default)
  search      Search the Docker Hub for images
  start       Start one or more stopped containers
  stats       Display a live stream of container(s) resource usage statistics
  stop        Stop one or more running containers
  tag         Create a tag TARGET_IMAGE that refers to SOURCE_IMAGE
  top         Display the running processes of a container
  unpause     Unpause all processes within one or more containers
  update      Update configuration of one or more containers
  version     Show the Docker version information
  wait        Block until one or more containers stop, then print their exit codes

Run 'docker COMMAND --help' for more information on a command.

To get more help with docker, check out our guides at https://docs.docker.com/go/guides/
[root@component ~]#