ubuntu 安装LaTex

使用IDE来使用tex，如TexMaker。

1.到http://www.tug.org/texlive/acquire-netinstall.html 下载texlive。

2.linux下命令行，解压后，到txtlive文件夹下执行安装命令，参考http://www.tug.org/texlive/quickinstall.html 【TeX Live - Quick install说明】

 

。。。
Installing [2757/2757, time/total: 14:18/14:18]: zxjatype [142k]
Time used for installing the packages: 14:18
running mktexlsr /usr/local/texlive/2013/texmf-dist ...
mktexlsr: Updating /usr/local/texlive/2013/texmf-dist/ls-R... 
mktexlsr: Done.
writing fmtutil.cnf to /usr/local/texlive/2013/texmf-var/web2c/fmtutil.cnf
writing updmap.cfg to /usr/local/texlive/2013/texmf-dist/web2c/updmap.cfg
writing language.dat to /usr/local/texlive/2013/texmf-var/tex/generic/config/language.dat
writing language.def to /usr/local/texlive/2013/texmf-var/tex/generic/config/language.def
writing language.dat.lua to /usr/local/texlive/2013/texmf-var/tex/generic/config/language.dat.lua
running mktexlsr /usr/local/texlive/2013/texmf-var /usr/local/texlive/2013/texmf-config /usr/local/texlive/2013/texmf-dist ...
mktexlsr: Updating /usr/local/texlive/2013/texmf-config/ls-R... 
mktexlsr: Updating /usr/local/texlive/2013/texmf-dist/ls-R... 
mktexlsr: Updating /usr/local/texlive/2013/texmf-var/ls-R... 
mktexlsr: Done.
running updmap-sys...done
re-running mktexlsr /usr/local/texlive/2013/texmf-var /usr/local/texlive/2013/texmf-config...
mktexlsr: Updating /usr/local/texlive/2013/texmf-config/ls-R... 
mktexlsr: Updating /usr/local/texlive/2013/texmf-var/ls-R... 
mktexlsr: Done.
setting up ConTeXt MkIV cache with mtxrun --generate ...
resolvers       | resolving | variable 'SELFAUTOLOC' set to '/usr/local/texlive/2013/bin/i386-linux'
resolvers       | resolving | variable 'SELFAUTODIR' set to '/usr/local/texlive/2013/bin'
resolvers       | resolving | variable 'SELFAUTOPARENT' set to '/usr/local/texlive/2013'
resolvers       | resolving | variable 'TEXMFCNF' set to ''
resolvers       | resolving | variable 'TEXMF' set to ''
resolvers       | resolving | variable 'TEXOS' set to 'bin'
resolvers       | resolving |
resolvers       | resolving | using configuration specification 'home:texmf/web2c;{selfautoloc:,selfautoloc:/share/texmf-local/web2c,selfautoloc:/share/texmf-dist/web2c,selfautoloc:/share/texmf/web2c,selfautoloc:/texmf-local/web2c,selfautoloc:/texmf-dist/web2c,selfautoloc:/texmf/web2c,selfautodir:,selfautodir:/share/texmf-local/web2c,selfautodir:/share/texmf-dist/web2c,selfautodir:/share/texmf/web2c,selfautodir:/texmf-local/web2c,selfautodir:/texmf-dist/web2c,selfautodir:/texmf/web2c,selfautoparent:/../texmf-local/web2c,selfautoparent:,selfautoparent:/share/texmf-local/web2c,selfautoparent:/share/texmf-dist/web2c,selfautoparent:/share/texmf/web2c,selfautoparent:/texmf-local/web2c,selfautoparent:/texmf-dist/web2c,selfautoparent:/texmf/web2c}'
resolvers       | resolving |
resolvers       | resolving | looking for 'texmfcnf.lua' on given path '/root/texmf/web2c' from specification 'home:texmf/web2c'
resolvers       | resolving | looking for 'texmfcnf.lua' on weird path '/usr/local/texlive/2013/bin/i386-linux/' from specification 'selfautoloc:'
resolvers       | resolving | looking for 'texmfcnf.lua' on given path '/usr/local/texlive/2013/bin/i386-linux/share/texmf-local/web2c' from specification 'selfautoloc:/share/texmf-local/web2c'
resolvers       | resolving | looking for 'texmfcnf.lua' on given path '/usr/local/texlive/2013/bin/i386-linux/share/texmf-dist/web2c' from specification 'selfautoloc:/share/texmf-dist/web2c'
resolvers       | resolving | looking for 'texmfcnf.lua' on given path '/usr/local/texlive/2013/bin/i386-linux/share/texmf/web2c' from specification 'selfautoloc:/share/texmf/web2c'
resolvers       | resolving | looking for 'texmfcnf.lua' on given path '/usr/local/texlive/2013/bin/i386-linux/texmf-local/web2c' from specification 'selfautoloc:/texmf-local/web2c'
resolvers       | resolving | looking for 'texmfcnf.lua' on given path '/usr/local/texlive/2013/bin/i386-linux/texmf-dist/web2c' from specification 'selfautoloc:/texmf-dist/web2c'
resolvers       | resolving | looking for 'texmfcnf.lua' on given path '/usr/local/texlive/2013/bin/i386-linux/texmf/web2c' from specification 'selfautoloc:/texmf/web2c'
resolvers       | resolving | looking for 'texmfcnf.lua' on weird path '/usr/local/texlive/2013/bin/' from specification 'selfautodir:'
resolvers       | resolving | looking for 'texmfcnf.lua' on given path '/usr/local/texlive/2013/bin/share/texmf-local/web2c' from specification 'selfautodir:/share/texmf-local/web2c'
resolvers       | resolving | looking for 'texmfcnf.lua' on given path '/usr/local/texlive/2013/bin/share/texmf-dist/web2c' from specification 'selfautodir:/share/texmf-dist/web2c'
resolvers       | resolving | looking for 'texmfcnf.lua' on given path '/usr/local/texlive/2013/bin/share/texmf/web2c' from specification 'selfautodir:/share/texmf/web2c'
resolvers       | resolving | looking for 'texmfcnf.lua' on given path '/usr/local/texlive/2013/bin/texmf-local/web2c' from specification 'selfautodir:/texmf-local/web2c'
resolvers       | resolving | looking for 'texmfcnf.lua' on given path '/usr/local/texlive/2013/bin/texmf-dist/web2c' from specification 'selfautodir:/texmf-dist/web2c'
resolvers       | resolving | looking for 'texmfcnf.lua' on given path '/usr/local/texlive/2013/bin/texmf/web2c' from specification 'selfautodir:/texmf/web2c'
resolvers       | resolving | looking for 'texmfcnf.lua' on given path '/usr/local/texlive/2013/../texmf-local/web2c' from specification 'selfautoparent:/../texmf-local/web2c'
resolvers       | resolving | looking for 'texmfcnf.lua' on weird path '/usr/local/texlive/2013/' from specification 'selfautoparent:'
resolvers       | resolving | found configuration file '/usr/local/texlive/2013/texmfcnf.lua'
resolvers       | resolving | looking for 'texmfcnf.lua' on given path '/usr/local/texlive/2013/share/texmf-local/web2c' from specification 'selfautoparent:/share/texmf-local/web2c'
resolvers       | resolving | looking for 'texmfcnf.lua' on given path '/usr/local/texlive/2013/share/texmf-dist/web2c' from specification 'selfautoparent:/share/texmf-dist/web2c'
resolvers       | resolving | looking for 'texmfcnf.lua' on given path '/usr/local/texlive/2013/share/texmf/web2c' from specification 'selfautoparent:/share/texmf/web2c'
resolvers       | resolving | looking for 'texmfcnf.lua' on given path '/usr/local/texlive/2013/texmf-local/web2c' from specification 'selfautoparent:/texmf-local/web2c'
resolvers       | resolving | looking for 'texmfcnf.lua' on given path '/usr/local/texlive/2013/texmf-dist/web2c' from specification 'selfautoparent:/texmf-dist/web2c'
resolvers       | resolving | found configuration file '/usr/local/texlive/2013/texmf-dist/web2c/texmfcnf.lua'
resolvers       | resolving | looking for 'texmfcnf.lua' on given path '/usr/local/texlive/2013/texmf/web2c' from specification 'selfautoparent:/texmf/web2c'
resolvers       | resolving |
resolvers       | resolving | loading configuration file 'selfautoparent:/texmfcnf.lua'
resolvers       | resolving |
resolvers       | resolving | loading configuration file 'selfautoparent:/texmf-dist/web2c/texmfcnf.lua'
resolvers       | resolving |
resolvers       | resolving | locating list of 'home:.texlive2013/texmf-config' (runtime) (tree:///home:.texlive2013/texmf-config)
resolvers       | methods | resolving, method 'locators', how 'uri', handler 'tree', argument 'tree:///home:.texlive2013/texmf-config'
resolvers       | trees | locator 'home:.texlive2013/texmf-config' not found
resolvers       | resolving | locating list of 'home:texmf' (runtime) (tree:///home:texmf)
resolvers       | methods | resolving, method 'locators', how 'uri', handler 'tree', argument 'tree:///home:texmf'
resolvers       | trees | locator 'home:texmf' not found
resolvers       | resolving | locating list of 'selfautoparent:texmf-config' (cached)
resolvers       | methods | resolving, method 'locators', how 'uri', handler 'file', argument 'selfautoparent:texmf-config'
resolvers       | files | file locator 'selfautoparent:texmf-config' found as '/usr/local/texlive/2013/texmf-config'
resolvers       | resolving | hash 'selfautoparent:texmf-config' appended
resolvers       | resolving | locating list of 'selfautoparent:texmf-var' (cached)
resolvers       | methods | resolving, method 'locators', how 'uri', handler 'file', argument 'selfautoparent:texmf-var'
resolvers       | files | file locator 'selfautoparent:texmf-var' found as '/usr/local/texlive/2013/texmf-var'
resolvers       | resolving | hash 'selfautoparent:texmf-var' appended
resolvers       | resolving | locating list of 'selfautoparent:texmf-project' (cached)
resolvers       | methods | resolving, method 'locators', how 'uri', handler 'file', argument 'selfautoparent:texmf-project'
resolvers       | files | file locator 'selfautoparent:texmf-project' not found
resolvers       | resolving | locating list of 'selfautoparent:texmf-fonts' (cached)
resolvers       | methods | resolving, method 'locators', how 'uri', handler 'file', argument 'selfautoparent:texmf-fonts'
resolvers       | files | file locator 'selfautoparent:texmf-fonts' not found
resolvers       | resolving | locating list of '/usr/local/texlive/texmf-local' (cached)
resolvers       | methods | resolving, method 'locators', how 'uri', handler 'file', argument '/usr/local/texlive/texmf-local'
resolvers       | files | file locator '/usr/local/texlive/texmf-local' found as '/usr/local/texlive/texmf-local'
resolvers       | resolving | hash '/usr/local/texlive/texmf-local' appended
resolvers       | resolving | locating list of 'selfautoparent:texmf-dist' (cached)
resolvers       | methods | resolving, method 'locators', how 'uri', handler 'file', argument 'selfautoparent:texmf-dist'
resolvers       | files | file locator 'selfautoparent:texmf-dist' found as '/usr/local/texlive/2013/texmf-dist'
resolvers       | resolving | hash 'selfautoparent:texmf-dist' appended
resolvers       | resolving |
resolvers       | methods | resolving, method 'generators', how 'uri', handler 'file', argument 'selfautoparent:texmf-config'
resolvers       | expansions | scanning path 'selfautoparent:texmf-config', branch 'selfautoparent:texmf-config'
resolvers       | expansions | 1 files found on 0 directories with 1 uppercase remappings
resolvers       | methods | resolving, method 'generators', how 'uri', handler 'file', argument 'selfautoparent:texmf-var'
resolvers       | expansions | scanning path 'selfautoparent:texmf-var', branch 'selfautoparent:texmf-var'
resolvers       | expansions | 16 files found on 19 directories with 1 uppercase remappings
resolvers       | methods | resolving, method 'generators', how 'uri', handler 'file', argument '/usr/local/texlive/texmf-local'
resolvers       | expansions | scanning path '/usr/local/texlive/texmf-local', branch '/usr/local/texlive/texmf-local'
resolvers       | expansions | 0 files found on 27 directories with 0 uppercase remappings
resolvers       | methods | resolving, method 'generators', how 'uri', handler 'file', argument 'selfautoparent:texmf-dist'
resolvers       | expansions | scanning path 'selfautoparent:texmf-dist', branch 'selfautoparent:texmf-dist'
resolvers       | expansions | 115761 files found on 9442 directories with 14170 uppercase remappings
resolvers       | resolving |
resolvers       | resolving | saving tree 'selfautoparent:texmf-config'
resolvers       | caches | hashing tree 'selfautoparent:texmf-config', hash '9d8576a18c59fc65c42b8c6d0dc5211a'
resolvers       | caches | hashing tree 'selfautoparent:/texmfcnf.lua;selfautoparent:/texmf-dist/web2c/texmfcnf.lua', hash 'a86c089b384a3076dc514ba966a1fac9'
resolvers       | caching | preparing 'files' for 'selfautoparent:texmf-config'
resolvers       | caching | category 'files', cachename 'selfautoparent:texmf-config' saved in '/usr/local/texlive/2013/texmf-var/luatex-cache/context/a86c089b384a3076dc514ba966a1fac9/trees/9d8576a18c59fc65c42b8c6d0dc5211a.lua'
system          | lua | compiling '/usr/local/texlive/2013/texmf-var/luatex-cache/context/a86c089b384a3076dc514ba966a1fac9/trees/9d8576a18c59fc65c42b8c6d0dc5211a.lua' into '/usr/local/texlive/2013/texmf-var/luatex-cache/context/a86c089b384a3076dc514ba966a1fac9/trees/9d8576a18c59fc65c42b8c6d0dc5211a.luc'
system          | lua | dumping '/usr/local/texlive/2013/texmf-var/luatex-cache/context/a86c089b384a3076dc514ba966a1fac9/trees/9d8576a18c59fc65c42b8c6d0dc5211a.lua' into '/usr/local/texlive/2013/texmf-var/luatex-cache/context/a86c089b384a3076dc514ba966a1fac9/trees/9d8576a18c59fc65c42b8c6d0dc5211a.luc' stripped
resolvers       | caching | 'files' compiled to '/usr/local/texlive/2013/texmf-var/luatex-cache/context/a86c089b384a3076dc514ba966a1fac9/trees/9d8576a18c59fc65c42b8c6d0dc5211a.luc'
resolvers       | resolving | saving tree 'selfautoparent:texmf-var'
resolvers       | caches | hashing tree 'selfautoparent:texmf-var', hash '80ba17e36177c570c2b7c4882672efc5'
resolvers       | caching | preparing 'files' for 'selfautoparent:texmf-var'
resolvers       | caching | category 'files', cachename 'selfautoparent:texmf-var' saved in '/usr/local/texlive/2013/texmf-var/luatex-cache/context/a86c089b384a3076dc514ba966a1fac9/trees/80ba17e36177c570c2b7c4882672efc5.lua'
system          | lua | compiling '/usr/local/texlive/2013/texmf-var/luatex-cache/context/a86c089b384a3076dc514ba966a1fac9/trees/80ba17e36177c570c2b7c4882672efc5.lua' into '/usr/local/texlive/2013/texmf-var/luatex-cache/context/a86c089b384a3076dc514ba966a1fac9/trees/80ba17e36177c570c2b7c4882672efc5.luc'
system          | lua | dumping '/usr/local/texlive/2013/texmf-var/luatex-cache/context/a86c089b384a3076dc514ba966a1fac9/trees/80ba17e36177c570c2b7c4882672efc5.lua' into '/usr/local/texlive/2013/texmf-var/luatex-cache/context/a86c089b384a3076dc514ba966a1fac9/trees/80ba17e36177c570c2b7c4882672efc5.luc' stripped
resolvers       | caching | 'files' compiled to '/usr/local/texlive/2013/texmf-var/luatex-cache/context/a86c089b384a3076dc514ba966a1fac9/trees/80ba17e36177c570c2b7c4882672efc5.luc'
resolvers       | resolving | saving tree '/usr/local/texlive/texmf-local'
resolvers       | caches | hashing tree '/usr/local/texlive/texmf-local', hash '1f08e3a96247a4bd25d903ca1cb00c0e'
resolvers       | caching | preparing 'files' for '/usr/local/texlive/texmf-local'
resolvers       | caching | category 'files', cachename '/usr/local/texlive/texmf-local' saved in '/usr/local/texlive/2013/texmf-var/luatex-cache/context/a86c089b384a3076dc514ba966a1fac9/trees/1f08e3a96247a4bd25d903ca1cb00c0e.lua'
system          | lua | compiling '/usr/local/texlive/2013/texmf-var/luatex-cache/context/a86c089b384a3076dc514ba966a1fac9/trees/1f08e3a96247a4bd25d903ca1cb00c0e.lua' into '/usr/local/texlive/2013/texmf-var/luatex-cache/context/a86c089b384a3076dc514ba966a1fac9/trees/1f08e3a96247a4bd25d903ca1cb00c0e.luc'
system          | lua | dumping '/usr/local/texlive/2013/texmf-var/luatex-cache/context/a86c089b384a3076dc514ba966a1fac9/trees/1f08e3a96247a4bd25d903ca1cb00c0e.lua' into '/usr/local/texlive/2013/texmf-var/luatex-cache/context/a86c089b384a3076dc514ba966a1fac9/trees/1f08e3a96247a4bd25d903ca1cb00c0e.luc' stripped
resolvers       | caching | 'files' compiled to '/usr/local/texlive/2013/texmf-var/luatex-cache/context/a86c089b384a3076dc514ba966a1fac9/trees/1f08e3a96247a4bd25d903ca1cb00c0e.luc'
resolvers       | resolving | saving tree 'selfautoparent:texmf-dist'
resolvers       | caches | hashing tree 'selfautoparent:texmf-dist', hash '929f6dbc83f6d3b65dab91f1efa4aacb'
resolvers       | caching | preparing 'files' for 'selfautoparent:texmf-dist'
resolvers       | caching | category 'files', cachename 'selfautoparent:texmf-dist' saved in '/usr/local/texlive/2013/texmf-var/luatex-cache/context/a86c089b384a3076dc514ba966a1fac9/trees/929f6dbc83f6d3b65dab91f1efa4aacb.lua'
system          | lua | compiling '/usr/local/texlive/2013/texmf-var/luatex-cache/context/a86c089b384a3076dc514ba966a1fac9/trees/929f6dbc83f6d3b65dab91f1efa4aacb.lua' into '/usr/local/texlive/2013/texmf-var/luatex-cache/context/a86c089b384a3076dc514ba966a1fac9/trees/929f6dbc83f6d3b65dab91f1efa4aacb.luc'
system          | lua | dumping '/usr/local/texlive/2013/texmf-var/luatex-cache/context/a86c089b384a3076dc514ba966a1fac9/trees/929f6dbc83f6d3b65dab91f1efa4aacb.lua' into '/usr/local/texlive/2013/texmf-var/luatex-cache/context/a86c089b384a3076dc514ba966a1fac9/trees/929f6dbc83f6d3b65dab91f1efa4aacb.luc' stripped
resolvers       | caching | 'files' compiled to '/usr/local/texlive/2013/texmf-var/luatex-cache/context/a86c089b384a3076dc514ba966a1fac9/trees/929f6dbc83f6d3b65dab91f1efa4aacb.luc'
mtxrun          |
mtxrun          | runtime: 3.024 seconds
done
pre-generating all format files (fmtutil-sys --all), be patient...done
running package-specific postactions
finished with package-specific postactions

 See
   /usr/local/texlive/2013/index.html
 for links to documentation.  The TeX Live web site
 contains updates and corrections: http://tug.org/texlive.

 TeX Live is a joint project of the TeX user groups around the world;
 please consider supporting it by joining the group best for you. The
 list of user groups is on the web at http://tug.org/usergroups.html.


 Add /usr/local/texlive/2013/texmf-dist/doc/info to INFOPATH.
 Add /usr/local/texlive/2013/texmf-dist/doc/man to MANPATH
   (if not dynamically found).

 Most importantly, add /usr/local/texlive/2013/bin/i386-linux
 to your PATH for current and future sessions.

 Welcome to TeX Live!
Logfile: /usr/local/texlive/2013/install-tl.log

 3.打开bash.bashrc，在末尾加入：

PATH=/usr/local/texlive/2013/bin/i386-linux:$PATH; export PATH
MANPATH=/usr/local/texlive/2013/texmf/doc/man:$MANPATH; export MANPATH
INFOPATH=/usr/local/texlive/2013/texmf/doc/info:$INFOPATH; export INFOPATH

4.编辑/etc/manpath.config ，使用命令:

sudo gedit /etc/manpath.config

　　　在“# set up PATH to MANPATH mapping”下面添加:

MANPATH_MAP /usr/local/texlive/2013/bin/i386-linux /usr/local/texlive/2013/texmf/doc/man