Python随机验证码

1、下载pillow模块

2、下载字体文件（组件中使用了字体文件）

2、验证码组件：

import random
from PIL import Image, ImageDraw, ImageFont, ImageFilter


def check_code(width=120, height=30, char_length=5, font_file='kumo.ttf', font_size=28):  # kumo.ttf是一个字体文件
    code = []
    img = Image.new(mode='RGB', size=(width, height), color=(255, 255, 255))
    draw = ImageDraw.Draw(img, mode='RGB')

    def rndChar():
        """
        生成随机字母
        :return:
        """
        return chr(random.randint(65, 90))

    def rndColor():
        """
        生成随机颜色
        :return:
        """
        return (random.randint(0, 255), random.randint(10, 255), random.randint(64, 255))

    # 写文字
    font = ImageFont.truetype(font_file, font_size)
    for i in range(char_length):
        char = rndChar()
        code.append(char)
        h = random.randint(0, 4)
        draw.text([i * width / char_length, h], char, font=font, fill=rndColor())

    # 写干扰点
    for i in range(40):
        draw.point([random.randint(0, width), random.randint(0, height)], fill=rndColor())

    # 写干扰圆圈
    for i in range(40):
        draw.point([random.randint(0, width), random.randint(0, height)], fill=rndColor())
        x = random.randint(0, width)
        y = random.randint(0, height)
        draw.arc((x, y, x + 4, y + 4), 0, 90, fill=rndColor())

    # 画干扰线
    for i in range(5):
        x1 = random.randint(0, width)
        y1 = random.randint(0, height)
        x2 = random.randint(0, width)
        y2 = random.randint(0, height)

        draw.line((x1, y1, x2, y2), fill=rndColor())

    img = img.filter(ImageFilter.EDGE_ENHANCE_MORE)
    return img, ''.join(code)


if __name__ == '__main__':
    pass
# 1. 直接打开
# img, code = check_code()
# img.show()

# 2. 写入文件
# img,code = check_code()
# with open('code.png','wb') as f:
#     img.save(f,format='png')

# 3. 写入内存(Python3)
# from io import BytesIO
# stream = BytesIO()
# img.save(stream, 'png')
# stream.getvalue()

# 4. 写入内存（Python2）
# import StringIO
# stream = StringIO.StringIO()
# img.save(stream, 'png')
# stream.getvalue()

3、使用组件

views.py（记得导入check_code）

def get_img(request):
    img, code = check_code()
　　 request.session['code']=code #写入session
    # 写入内存
    from io import BytesIO
    stream = BytesIO()
    img.save(stream, 'png')

    return HttpResponse(stream.getvalue(), 'img/png')

模板：

<input name='code' class="form-control" placeholder="验证码" type="text"> <img id='code' src="{% url 'get_img' %}" alt="">
{# js代码，达到点击刷新的效果#}
<script src="https://cdn.bootcss.com/jquery/3.4.1/jquery.min.js"></script>
<script>
{# 只需要改变img标签的src的内容，他就会自动发送请求#}
$('#code').click(function () {
　　$('#code')[0].src="/get_img/"
})
</script>

 

验证码的生成至此完成，接下来是验证部分(登录函数中验证)

views.py

def login(request):
    if request.method == 'POST':
        username = request.POST.get('username')
        password = request.POST.get('password')
        code = request.POST.get('code')
        user = User.objects.filter(username=username, password=password)
        if user and code.upper() == request.session.get('code').upper():
            request.session['login'] = 1
            request.session['username'] = user.first().name
            return HttpResponse('登录成功！')
    return render(request, 'login.html')

注意：字体文件下载，猛击这里

问题：上述中js绑定的时间可能会出现只执行一次的问题，后面我会在下面补充通过ajax进行验证码刷新的方式。