在.Net Framework 2.0中引入了范型(Generic)的概念,这可以说是一个重大的改进它的好处我在这里也不用多说,到网上可以找到非常多的说明。
我在这里要和大家说的是怎么通过反射使用范型的技术。
一:首先看看范型的FullName
List<string> list = new List<string>();
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System.Console.WriteLine(list.GetType().FullName);
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System.Console.WriteLine();
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这个语句得到的是:
System.Collections.Generic.List`1[[System.String, mscorlib, Version=2.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089]]。
好长呀,分析一下其中的格式会看出一下几个东东。
System.Collections.Generic.List -> 说明该Type是什么类型的。
`1 -> 应该是范型的标志。
System.String, mscorlib, Version=2.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089 ->是string类型的FullName。
那么在看看这个语句会出现什么?
Dictionary<string, int> dic = new Dictionary<string, int>();
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System.Console.WriteLine(dic.GetType().FullName);
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System.Console.WriteLine();
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结果是:
System.Collections.Generic.Dictionary`2[[System.String, mscorlib, Version=2.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089],[System.Int32, mscorlib, Version=2.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089]]。
更长,分析一下:
System.Collections.Generic.Dictionary -> 说明该Type是什么类型的。
`2 -> 还是是范型的标志。
System.String, mscorlib, Version=2.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089 ->是string类型的FullName。
System.Int32, mscorlib, Version=2.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089 ->是int类型的FullName。
从上面的例子可以看出范型的类型和1.1时增加了两个部分,分别是范型的标识部分和范型的参数类型FullName部分。
首先看一下标志部分 `1和`2,猜测`标识了该类型是范型、后面的数字部分是说明了该范型需要几个范型参数。
现在还是猜测,下面根据猜测来应用我们自己的反射试验一下吧:
二:范型反射的试验
看看下面的代码:
string tlistStr = "System.Collections.Generic.List`1[System.String]";
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Type tList = Type.GetType(tlistStr);
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Object olist = System.Activator.CreateInstance(tList);
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MethodInfo addMList = tList.GetMethod("Add");
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addMList.Invoke(olist, new object[]
{ "zhx" });
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Console.WriteLine(olist.ToString());
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System.Console.WriteLine();
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string tDicStr = "System.Collections.Generic.Dictionary`2[[System.String],[System.Int32]]";
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Type tDic = Type.GetType(tDicStr);
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Object oDic = Activator.CreateInstance(tDic);
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MethodInfo addMDic = tDic.GetMethod("Add");
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addMDic.Invoke(oDic, new object[]
{"zhx",1 });
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Console.WriteLine(oDic.ToString());
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System.Console.WriteLine();
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Ok,测试通过。不过大家要注意了。范型中的基础类型如:string,int不能使用简写的,如果把 System.Collections.Generic.List`1[System.String] 写成 System.Collections.Generic.List`1[string]是不能够得到正确类型的。
三:自已定义的范型反射的使用
首先自己定义一个范型类:
namespace RefTest
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{
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public class BaseClass<T,V,O>
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{
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T t;
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V v;
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O o;
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public void SetValue(T pt,V pv,O po)
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{
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this.t = pt;
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this.v = pv;
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this.o = po;
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}
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public override string ToString()
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{
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return string.Format("T:{0} V:{1} O:{2}", t.ToString(), v.ToString(), o.ToString());
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}
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}
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}
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使用反射创建类型和调用方法:
string tBaseClassStr = "RefTest.BaseClass`3[[System.String],[System.Int32],[System.Collections.Generic.Dictionary`2[[System.String],[System.Int32]]]]";
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Type tBaseClass = Type.GetType(tBaseClassStr);
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Object oBaseClass = Activator.CreateInstance(tBaseClass);
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MethodInfo addMBaseClass = tBaseClass.GetMethod("SetValue");
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addMBaseClass.Invoke(oBaseClass, new object[]
{"zhx",1,oDic });
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Console.WriteLine(oBaseClass.ToString());
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System.Console.WriteLine();
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Ok,测试成功。
希望对大家能够帮助。