2019中国大学生程序设计竞赛(CCPC) - 网络选拔赛(8/11)
$$2019中国大学生程序设计竞赛(CCPC)\ -\ 网络选拔赛$$
\(A.\hat{} \& \hat{}\)
签到,只把AB都有的位给异或掉
//#pragma comment(linker, "/STACK:1024000000,1024000000")
#include<bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
function<void(void)> ____ = [](){ios_base::sync_with_stdio(false); cin.tie(0); cout.tie(0);};
using LL = int_fast64_t;
int main(){
LL T,a,b;
____();
cin >> T;
while(T--){
cin >> a >> b;
cout << ((a&b)==0?1:(a&b)) << endl;
}
return 0;
}
\(B.array\)
给出一个排列(1~n各出现一次),有两种操作:
1、把其中一个数加上1e7
2、问区间\(1\)~\(r\)中不小于\(k\)且没有在区间内出现过的最小的数是多少
对于第一种操作,由于\(k\le n\),所以给一个数加上1e7相当于把这个数删了,所以第一个操作相当于删除这个数
对于第二种操作,首先判断区间内存不存在\(k\),不存在则直接输出\(k\),如果存在的话,就找区间内从\(k\)开始的最长连续串,这个可以二分连续串长度,然后先判断其中有点被删除了,没有的话用主席树判断是否所有点都在1~\(r\)的区间内
//#pragma comment(linker, "/STACK:1024000000,1024000000")
#include<bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
function<void(void)> ____ = [](){ios_base::sync_with_stdio(false); cin.tie(0); cout.tie(0);};
const int MAXN = 1e5+7;
const int INF = 0x3f3f3f3f;
int T,n,m,A[MAXN],rp[MAXN];
struct BinaryIndexed_Tree{
int val[MAXN];
#define lowbit(x) (x&(-x))
void init(){ memset(val,0,sizeof(val)); }
void update(int pos){
while(pos<=n){
val[pos]++;
pos += lowbit(pos);
}
}
int query(int pos){
int res = 0;
while(pos){
res += val[pos];
pos -= lowbit(pos);
}
return res;
}
}BIT;
struct PersistentSegmentTree{
int tot,sum[MAXN<<5],ls[MAXN<<5],rs[MAXN<<5],root[MAXN];
void update(int &now, int pre, int L, int R, int pos){
now = ++tot;
ls[now] = ls[pre];
rs[now] = rs[pre];
sum[now] = sum[pre] + 1;
if(L+1==R) return;
int mid = (L+R) >> 1;
if(pos < mid) update(ls[now],ls[pre],L,mid,pos);
else update(rs[now],rs[pre],mid,R,pos);
}
void build(){
tot = 0;
for(int i = 1; i <= n; i++) update(root[i],root[i-1],1,n+1,A[i]);
}
int _kth(int lo, int ro, int L, int R, int k){
if(L+1==R) return L;
int lsz = sum[ls[ro]] - sum[ls[lo]];
int mid = (L+R) >> 1;
if(k<=lsz) return _kth(ls[lo],ls[ro],L,mid,k);
else return _kth(rs[lo],rs[ro],mid,R,k-lsz);
}
int _rk(int lo, int ro, int L, int R, int x){
if(L+1==R) return 1;
int mid = (L+R) >> 1;
if(x<mid) return _rk(ls[lo],ls[ro],L,mid,x);
else return sum[ls[ro]]-sum[ls[lo]] + _rk(rs[lo],rs[ro],mid,R,x);
}
int kth(int L, int R, int k){ return _kth(root[L-1],root[R],1,n+1,k); }
int rk(int L, int R, int x){ return _rk(root[L-1],root[R],1,n+1,x); }
}PST;
inline int read(){
int x = 0, f = 1;
char c = getchar();
while(c!='-'&&(c<'0'||c>'9')) c = getchar();
if(c=='-') f = -1,c = getchar();
while(c>='0'&&c<='9') x = x*10+c-'0', c = getchar();
return f*x;
}
void work(){
n = read(), m = read();
for(int i = 1; i <= n; i++){
A[i] = read();
rp[A[i]] = i;
}
PST.build();
BIT.init();
int lastans = 0;
for(int i = 1; i <= m; i++){
int op = read();
if(op==1){
int pos = read();
pos ^= lastans;
if(rp[A[pos]]!=INF){
BIT.update(A[pos]);
rp[A[pos]] = INF;
}
}
else{
int lim = read(), x = read();
lim ^= lastans; x ^= lastans;
if(rp[x]>lim){
printf("%d\n",lastans=x);
continue;
}
int k = PST.rk(1,lim,x);
int l = 1, r = lim - k + 1;
while(l<=r){
int mid = (l+r) >> 1;
if(BIT.query(x+mid-1)-BIT.query(x-1)>0||PST.kth(1,lim,k+mid-1)!=x+mid-1) r = mid - 1;
else l = mid + 1;
}
printf("%d\n",lastans=x+r);
}
}
}
int main(){
for(T = read(); T; T--) work();
return 0;
}
\(C.K-th\ occurrence\)
给出一个字符串,给出\(m\)次询问,每次询问在字符串中第\(k\)次出现字串\(s_l~s_r\)的位置在哪
首先建出后缀数组和\(lcp\),对于每次询问,首先找到符合答案条件的区间,可以二分+ST表做,然后在区间中找第\(k\)大即可,根据\(sa\)数组建主席树
//#pragma comment(linker, "/STACK:1024000000,1024000000")
#include<bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
function<void(void)> ____ = [](){ios_base::sync_with_stdio(false); cin.tie(0); cout.tie(0);};
const int MAXN = 1e5+7;
const int INF = 0x3f3f3f3f;
int T,rk[MAXN],sa[MAXN],sec[MAXN],n,m,c[MAXN],lcp[MAXN],ST[MAXN][20];
char s[MAXN];
struct PersistentSegmentTree{
int tot,root[MAXN<<5],sum[MAXN<<5],ls[MAXN<<5],rs[MAXN<<5];
void insert(int &now, int pre, int L, int R, int pos){
now = ++tot;
ls[now] = ls[pre];
rs[now] = rs[pre];
sum[now] = sum[pre] + 1;
if(L+1==R) return;
int mid = (L+R) >> 1;
if(pos < mid) insert(ls[now],ls[pre],L,mid,pos);
else insert(rs[now],rs[pre],mid,R,pos);
}
void build(){
tot = 0;
for(int i = 1; i <= n; i++) insert(root[i],root[i-1],1,n+1,sa[i]);
}
int _query(int lo, int ro , int k, int L, int R){
if(L+1==R) return L;
int lsz = sum[ls[ro]] - sum[ls[lo]];
int mid = (L+R) >> 1;
if(k<=lsz) return _query(ls[lo],ls[ro],k,L,mid);
else return _query(rs[lo],rs[ro],k-lsz,mid,R);
}
int query(int L, int R, int k){
return _query(root[L-1],root[R],k,1,n+1);
}
}PST;
void SA(int M){
for(int i = 0; i <= M; i++) c[i] = 0;
for(int i = 1; i <= n; i++) c[rk[i]=s[i]]++;
for(int i = 1; i <= M; i++) c[i] += c[i-1];
for(int i = 1; i <= n; i++) sa[c[rk[i]]--] = i;
for(int k = 1; k <= n; k <<= 1){
int p = 0;
for(int i = n - k + 1; i <= n; i++) sec[++p] = i;
for(int i = 1; i <= n; i++) if(sa[i]>k) sec[++p] = sa[i]-k;
for(int i = 0 ; i <= M; i++) c[i] = 0;
for(int i = 1; i <= n; i++) c[rk[sec[i]]]++;
for(int i = 1; i <= M; i++) c[i] += c[i-1];
for(int i = n; i >= 1; i--) sa[c[rk[sec[i]]]--] = sec[i];
p = 1;
swap(rk,sec);
rk[sa[1]] = 1;
for(int i = 2; i <= n; i++) rk[sa[i]] = (sec[sa[i]]==sec[sa[i-1]]&&sec[sa[i]+k]==sec[sa[i-1]+k])?p:++p;
if(p==n) break;
M = p;
}
}
void Getlcp(){
int k = 0;
for(int i = 1; i <= n; i++){
if(k) k--;
int j = sa[rk[i]-1];
while(s[i+k]==s[j+k]) k++;
lcp[rk[i]] = k;
}
}
void buildST(){
for(int i = 1; i <= n; i++) ST[i][0] = lcp[i];
for(int k = 1; (1<<k) <= n; k++){
for(int i = 1; (i+(1<<k))-1 <= n; i++){
ST[i][k] = min(ST[i][k-1],ST[i+(1<<(k-1))][k-1]);
}
}
}
int qmin(int l, int r){
if(l>r) return -1;
int d = log2(r-l+1);
return min(ST[l][d],ST[r-(1<<d)+1][d]);
}
void work(){
scanf("%d %d",&n,&m);
scanf("%s",s+1);
SA(256);
Getlcp();
buildST();
PST.build();
while(m--){
int L, R, k, st, ed;
scanf("%d %d %d",&L,&R,&k);
int d = R - L + 1;
int pos = rk[L];
int l = 1, r = pos;
while(l<=r){
int mid = (l+r) >> 1;
if(qmin(pos-mid+1,pos)>=d) l = mid + 1;
else r = mid - 1;
}
st = pos - r;
l = 1, r = n - pos;
while(l<=r){
int mid = (l+r) >> 1;
if(qmin(pos+1,pos+mid)>=d) l = mid + 1;
else r = mid - 1;
}
ed = pos + r;
if(st+k-1>ed) printf("-1\n");
else printf("%d\n",PST.query(st,ed,k));
}
}
int main(){
for(scanf("%d",&T);T;T--) work();
return 0;
}
\(D.path\)
要求全局路径\(k\)短路,做法类似堆优化的\(Dijkstra\),每次取队列首元素\(pop\),然后这是第几次\(pop\)的就是第几短路,然后用这个点扩展其他路径,加入优先队列中。
发现每次把所有连边都加进去的话内存消耗会非常大,可能队列中出一个点然后加进去很多点,所以需要优化一下,把一些无用点不加进去,考虑当前队列长度如果大于\(k\),那么队尾的元素都可以删掉了,直到长度为\(k\),这些点必然不会构成\(k\)短路,但是这样还是要遍历每条邻边。考虑把一个点所连的所有边按长度排序,如果队列已满并且当前点的距离+边的距离比队尾元素还大,那么之后的边就都不用加进去了,否则就用新的点替换队尾的点。
//#pragma comment(linker, "/STACK:1024000000,1024000000")
#include<bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
function<void(void)> ____ = [](){ios_base::sync_with_stdio(false); cin.tie(0); cout.tie(0);};
const int MAXN = 5e4+7;
using LL = int_fast64_t;
vector<pair<int,int>> G[MAXN];
int T,n,m,q,query[MAXN],cnt;
set<pair<pair<LL,int>,int>> S;
void solve(){
scanf("%d %d %d",&n,&m,&q);
for(int i = 1; i <= n; i++) G[i].clear();
for(int i = 1; i <= m; i++){
int u, v, c;
scanf("%d %d %d",&u,&v,&c);
G[u].emplace_back(make_pair(v,c));
}
for(int i = 1; i <= n; i++) sort(G[i].begin(),G[i].end(),[](const pair<int,int> &A, const pair<int,int> &B){
return A.second < B.second;
});
for(int i = 1; i <= q; i++) scanf("%d",&query[i]);
int maxx = *max_element(query+1,query+1+q), tag = 0;
S.clear();
for(int u = 1; u <= n; u++) for(auto e : G[u]) S.insert(make_pair(make_pair(e.second,e.first),tag++));
vector<LL> res;
while(maxx){
auto p = S.begin()->first;
S.erase(S.begin());
res.emplace_back(p.first);
while((int)S.size()>maxx) S.erase(--S.end());
for(auto e : G[p.second]){
if((int)S.size()<maxx) S.insert(make_pair(make_pair(p.first+e.second,e.first),tag++));
else{
if(p.first+e.second>=S.rbegin()->first.first) break;
else{
S.erase(--S.end());
S.insert(make_pair(make_pair(p.first+e.second,e.first),tag++));
}
}
}
maxx--;
}
for(int i = 1; i <= q; i++) printf("%I64d\n",res[query[i]-1]);
}
int main(){
for(scanf("%d",&T); T; T--) solve();
return 0;
}
\(E.huntian\ oy\)
杜教筛+欧拉函数
定义函数\(f(n,a,b)=\sum^{n}_{i=1}\sum^{i}_{j=1}gcd(i^a-j^a,i^b-j^b)[gcd(i,j)=1]%1e9+7\)其中\(a\)和\(b\)互质,求值
根据某定理,当\(a\)和\(b\)互质的情况下,\(gcd(i^a-j^a,i^b-j^b)=i-j\)
然后原函数就变成了\(f(n,a,b)=\sum^{n}_{i=1}\sum^{i}_{j=1}(i-j)[gcd(i,j)=1]\)
拆分之后得到:\(f(n,a,b)=\sum^{n}_{i=1}i·\sum^{i}_{j=1}[gcd(i,j)=1]+\sum^{n}_{i=1}\sum^{i}_{j=1}j·[gcd(i,j)=1]\)
观察到前面求和的是\(i\)乘上比\(i\)小的和\(i\)互质的数的个数,后面求和的是比\(i\)小的和\(i\)互质的数的和,转换为欧拉函数的表达式:
接下来令\(f(i)=i·\phi(i)\),用杜教筛求和
接下来计算一下\(\sum^{n}_{i=1}(f*ID)(i)\)
用杜教筛即可
//#pragma comment(linker, "/STACK:1024000000,1024000000")
#include<bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
function<void(void)> ____ = [](){ios_base::sync_with_stdio(false); cin.tie(0); cout.tie(0);};
using LL = int_fast64_t;
const int MAXN = 3e6+7;
const LL MOD = 1e9+7;
const LL INV2 = 500000004;
const LL INV6 = 166666668;
int T,tot,n,a,b;
LL phi[MAXN],siphi[MAXN];
unordered_map<LL,LL> mpsiphi;
int prime[MAXN];
void linear_sieve(){
phi[1] = 1;
for(int i = 2; i < MAXN; i++){
if(!phi[i]){
phi[i] = i-1;
prime[tot++] = i;
}
for(int j = 0; j < tot; j++){
if(i*prime[j]>=MAXN) break;
if(i%prime[j]) phi[i*prime[j]] = phi[i] * phi[prime[j]];
else{
phi[i*prime[j]] = phi[i] * prime[j];
break;
}
}
}
for(int i = 1; i < MAXN; i++) siphi[i] = (siphi[i-1]+phi[i]*i)%MOD;
}
LL getsiphi(LL x){
if(x<MAXN) return siphi[x];
if(mpsiphi.count(x)) return mpsiphi.at(x);
LL res = INV6 * x % MOD * (x+1) % MOD * (2*x+1) % MOD;
for(LL i = 2, j; i <= x; i = j + 1){
j = x/(x/i);
res = ((res-(i+j)*(j-i+1)/2%MOD*getsiphi(x/i))%MOD+MOD)%MOD;
}
return mpsiphi[x] = res;
}
void solve(){
scanf("%d %d %d",&n,&a,&b);
printf("%I64d\n",(getsiphi(n)-1+MOD)*INV2%MOD);
}
int main(){
linear_sieve();
for(scanf("%d",&T); T; T--) solve();
return 0;
}
\(F.Shuffl Card\)
给一个序列,每次取出其中一个数放到最前面,问最终序列
只考虑每个最后一次放到前面的数,如果没有被放到前面过就按顺序在最后输出
//#pragma comment(linker, "/STACK:1024000000,1024000000")
#include<bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
function<void(void)> ____ = [](){ios_base::sync_with_stdio(false); cin.tie(0); cout.tie(0);};
const int MAXN = 1e5+7;
int n,m,A[MAXN],vis[MAXN],B[MAXN];
int main(){
while(scanf("%d %d",&n,&m)!=EOF){
for(int i = 1; i <= n; i++) scanf("%d",&A[i]);
queue<int> que;
for(int i = 1; i <= m; i++) scanf("%d",&B[i]);
for(int i = m; i >= 1; i--){
if(vis[B[i]]) continue;
que.push(B[i]);
vis[B[i]] = true;
}
for(int i = 1; i <= n; i++) if(!vis[A[i]]) que.push(A[i]);
while(!que.empty()){
printf("%d ",que.front());
que.pop();
}
}
return 0;
}
\(G.Windows\ Of\ CCPC\)
签到,递归构造即可
//#pragma comment(linker, "/STACK:1024000000,1024000000")
#include<bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
function<void(void)> ____ = [](){ios_base::sync_with_stdio(false); cin.tie(0); cout.tie(0);};
int t,k;
char s[1111][1111];
void solve(int x, int y, char C, char P, int kk){
if(kk==1){
s[x][y] = C;
s[x][y+1] = C;
s[x+1][y+1] = C;
s[x+1][y] = P;
return;
}
int gap = (1<<(kk-1));
solve(x,y,C,P,kk-1);
solve(x+gap,y+gap,C,P,kk-1);
solve(x,y+gap,C,P,kk-1);
solve(x+gap,y,P,C,kk-1);
}
int main(){
scanf("%d",&t);
while(t--){
scanf("%d",&k);
memset(s,0,sizeof(s));
solve(1,1,'C','P',k);
for(int i = 1; i <= (1<<k); i++) printf("%s\n",s[i]+1);
}
return 0;
}
\(H.Fishing\ Master\)
首先第一次捕🐟的时间是必须要用上的,然后每次最好利用煮🐟的时间去捕🐟,而且回来的时候🐟还没有煮熟。
如果到最后一定要浪费掉捕🐟的时间(也就是在捕🐟的时候,🐟已经煮熟了),那就要选\(%k\)余数大的,这样浪费的时间就能更少
//#pragma comment(linker, "/STACK:1024000000,1024000000")
#include<bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
function<void(void)> ____ = [](){ios_base::sync_with_stdio(false); cin.tie(0); cout.tie(0);};
const int MAXN = 1e5+7;
using LL = int_fast64_t;
int T,n,k,A[MAXN];
void solve(){
scanf("%d %d",&n,&k);
LL res = k,s = 0;
for(int i = 1; i <= n; i++){
scanf("%d",&A[i]);
s += A[i]/k;
res += A[i];
}
if(s<n-1){
sort(A+1,A+1+n,[](const int &x, const int &y){ return x%k > y%k; });
for(int i = 1; i <= n-1-s; i++) res += k-A[i]%k;
}
printf("%I64d\n",res);
}
int main(){
for(scanf("%d",&T); T; T--) solve();
return 0;
}