springboot Mock测试模块
springboot Mock测试模块
如果测试方法较多, 推荐使用静态导包
#方法一:
可用全局的controller
private MockMvc mockMvc;
@BeforeEach
public void setup(WebApplicationContext wac) {
this.mockMvc = MockMvcBuilders.webAppContextSetup(wac).build();
}
#方法二:
细粒度更高的, 指定测试controller
这里要注意的是 一定要注入controller
private MockMvc mockMvc;
//controller中调用了Service, 必须要注入controller,否则会出现空指针
@Autowired
private EmployeeController employeeController;
@BeforeEach
public void setup() {
//设置全局
mockMvc = MockMvcBuilders.standaloneSetup(
employeeController)
.alwaysExpect(MockMvcResultMatchers.status().isOk())
.alwaysDo(MockMvcResultHandlers.print())
.build();
}
#方法三:
//默认使用80端口,需要修改为RANDOM_PORT否则会报空指针
@SpringBootTest(webEnvironment = SpringBootTest.WebEnvironment.RANDOM_PORT)
@AutoConfigureMockMvc
public class MockTest3 {
@Autowired
MockMvc mockMvc;
@Test
public void get() throws Exception {
mockMvc.perform(MockMvcRequestBuilders.post("/employee/get").param("name", "Black"))
.andExpect(MockMvcResultMatchers.status().isOk())
.andDo(MockMvcResultHandlers.print());
}
}
#注意点:
-
mock
返回的responseBody
存在中文乱码, 需要通过produces
来指定charset
,如下@BeforeEach public void setup() { mockMvc = standaloneSetup(teacherController) //alwaysExpect只针对response .alwaysExpect(status().isOk()) //mock返回的数据存在中文乱码, 要通过produces指定charset .alwaysExpect(content().contentType("application/json;charset=utf-8")) .alwaysDo(print()) .build(); }
-
如果前端发送的请求头的
Content-Type
不是 默认的请求头要在测试的request中指明 如:
- 模拟接收json:
ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper();
Employee employee = new Employee();
employee.setLastName("战五渣").setAge(23).setGender("2").setEmail("333");
String value = mapper.writeValueAsString(employee);
mockMvc.perform( MockMvcRequestBuilders
.post("/employee/save")
//如果接收的Json数据要指定contentType
.content(value.getBytes()).contentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON));
可以在测试方法上加上@Transactional 默认rollback = true , 即使方法执行成功也会回滚,
这样数据库中的数据就不会被污染了
- 模拟文件上传:
mockMvc.perform(MockMvcRequestBuilders.
multipart("/employee/upload")
.file("file", "文件内容".getBytes())
.contentType(MediaType.MULTIPART_FORM_DATA))
.andExpect(MockMvcResultMatchers.status().isOk())
.andDo(MockMvcResultHandlers.print());
- 模拟事务:
@Test
@Rollback//可以加上@Rollback以清楚显示事务回滚, 默认true
@Transactional
public void test() throws Exception {
MultiValueMap<String, String> map = new LinkedMultiValueMap<>();
map.add("formId", "2");
map.add("toId", "3");
map.add("age", "10");
mockMvc.perform(MockMvcRequestBuilders
.get("/employee/tran")
.params(map));
}
- 检查返回的json值
mockMvc.perform(MockMvcRequestBuilders
.post("/employee/get?name={name}","Black"))
//指定返回的json值, 这里的$表示json的根节点
//即返回的body中的lastName必须是Black
.andExpect(MockMvcResultMatchers.jsonPath("$.lastName")
.value("Black"));
- 检查返回的视图层
mockMvc.perform(MockMvcRequestBuilders
.get("/employee/test"))
.andExpect(MockMvcResultMatchers
//检查返回的视图层, 这里的viewName不能与请求的uri相同否则会抛出异常
.view().name("view"));
重定向 请求转发
mockMvc.perform(MockMvcRequestBuilders
.get("/employee/test"))
.andExpect(MockMvcResultMatchers
// 请求转发语重定向
// .forwardedUrl("/index.html")
.redirectedUrl("/view.html"));
- 检查model
mockMvc.perform(MockMvcRequestBuilders
.get("/employee/model"))
.andExpect(MockMvcResultMatchers.model().size(1))
.andExpect(MockMvcResultMatchers.model().attributeExists("key"))
.andExpect(MockMvcResultMatchers.model().attribute("key","value"));