C#串口通信实例
转载地址：http://huxud.blog.sohu.com/5702440.html
学了C＃，因为本人搞嵌入式方面的研究，难免和串口多有打交道，故用c＃做了个串口发送应用程序。因为.net2003还没有做串口控件进去，所以这个程序化了我1个星期，包括类的处理以及很多次的调试,现在已经可以实现串口的打开并发送数据（关闭和接收没做好，时间问题:)）,还是等下.net2005再弄了（据说2005把串口控件做进去了，方便了呀！）
using System;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Collections;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Windows.Forms;
using System.Data;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
namespace SerialPort_628
{
/// <summary>
/// Form1 的摘要说明。
/// </summary>
public class Form1 : System.Windows.Forms.Form
{
private System.Windows.Forms.TextBox textBox2;
private System.Windows.Forms.TextBox textBox4;
private System.Windows.Forms.ComboBox comboBox1;
private System.Windows.Forms.PictureBox pictureBox1;
private System.Windows.Forms.TextBox SendData;
private System.Windows.Forms.TextBox ReceiveData;
private System.Windows.Forms.Button button1;
private System.Windows.Forms.Button button2;
private System.Windows.Forms.Timer timer1;
private System.Windows.Forms.PictureBox pictureBox2;
private System.Windows.Forms.Button button3;
private System.Windows.Forms.ComboBox comboBox2;
private System.ComponentModel.IContainer components;
public Form1()
{
//
// Windows 窗体设计器支持所必需的
//
InitializeComponent();
//
// TODO: 在 InitializeComponent 调用后添加任何构造函数代码
//
}
/// <summary>
/// 清理所有正在使用的资源。
/// </summary>
protected override void Dispose( bool disposing )
{
if( disposing )
{
if (components != null)
{
components.Dispose();
}
}
base.Dispose( disposing );
}
#region Windows 窗体设计器生成的代码
/// <summary>
/// 设计器支持所需的方法 - 不要使用代码编辑器修改
/// 此方法的内容。
/// </summary>
private void InitializeComponent()
{
this.components = new System.ComponentModel.Container();
this.SendData = new System.Windows.Forms.TextBox();
this.ReceiveData = new System.Windows.Forms.TextBox();
this.button1 = new System.Windows.Forms.Button();
this.textBox2 = new System.Windows.Forms.TextBox();
this.textBox4 = new System.Windows.Forms.TextBox();
this.comboBox1 = new System.Windows.Forms.ComboBox();
this.button2 = new System.Windows.Forms.Button();
this.pictureBox1 = new System.Windows.Forms.PictureBox();
this.timer1 = new System.Windows.Forms.Timer(this.components);
this.pictureBox2 = new System.Windows.Forms.PictureBox();
this.button3 = new System.Windows.Forms.Button();
this.comboBox2 = new System.Windows.Forms.ComboBox();
this.SuspendLayout();
//
// SendData
//
this.SendData.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(24, 96);
this.SendData.Multiline = true;
this.SendData.Name = "SendData";
this.SendData.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(176, 184);
this.SendData.TabIndex = 0;
this.SendData.Text = "";
//
// ReceiveData
//
this.ReceiveData.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(488, 96);
this.ReceiveData.Multiline = true;
this.ReceiveData.Name = "ReceiveData";
this.ReceiveData.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(176, 184);
this.ReceiveData.TabIndex = 2;
this.ReceiveData.Text = "";
//
// button1
//
this.button1.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(296, 176);
this.button1.Name = "button1";
this.button1.TabIndex = 3;
this.button1.Text = "发送";
this.button1.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.button1_Click);
//
// textBox2
//
this.textBox2.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(24, 72);
this.textBox2.Name = "textBox2";
this.textBox2.ReadOnly = true;
this.textBox2.TabIndex = 4;
this.textBox2.Text = "发送数据区";
//
// textBox4
//
this.textBox4.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(488, 72);
this.textBox4.Name = "textBox4";
this.textBox4.ReadOnly = true;
this.textBox4.TabIndex = 5;
this.textBox4.Text = "接收数据区";
//
// comboBox1
//
this.comboBox1.Items.AddRange(new object[] {
"COM1 ",
"COM2"});
this.comboBox1.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(24, 32);
this.comboBox1.Name = "comboBox1";
this.comboBox1.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(64, 20);
this.comboBox1.TabIndex = 6;
this.comboBox1.Text = "COM1 ";
this.comboBox1.TextChanged += new System.EventHandler(this.comboBox1_TextChanged);
//
// button2
//
this.button2.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(128, 32);
this.button2.Name = "button2";
this.button2.TabIndex = 7;
this.button2.Text = "打开";
this.button2.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.button2_Click);
//
// pictureBox1
//
this.pictureBox1.BackColor = System.Drawing.SystemColors.Control;
this.pictureBox1.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(104, 32);
this.pictureBox1.Name = "pictureBox1";
this.pictureBox1.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(8, 16);
this.pictureBox1.TabIndex = 8;
this.pictureBox1.TabStop = false;
//
// timer1
//
this.timer1.Interval = 1000;
this.timer1.Tick += new System.EventHandler(this.timer1_Tick);
//
// pictureBox2
//
this.pictureBox2.BackColor = System.Drawing.SystemColors.Control;
this.pictureBox2.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(568, 40);
this.pictureBox2.Name = "pictureBox2";
this.pictureBox2.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(8, 16);
this.pictureBox2.TabIndex = 11;
this.pictureBox2.TabStop = false;
//
// button3
//
this.button3.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(592, 40);
this.button3.Name = "button3";
this.button3.TabIndex = 10;
this.button3.Text = "打开";
this.button3.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.button3_Click);
//
// comboBox2
//
this.comboBox2.Items.AddRange(new object[] {
"COM1 ",
"COM2"});
this.comboBox2.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(488, 40);
this.comboBox2.Name = "comboBox2";
this.comboBox2.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(64, 20);
this.comboBox2.TabIndex = 9;
this.comboBox2.Text = "COM2";
//
// Form1
//
this.AutoScaleBaseSize = new System.Drawing.Size(6, 14);
this.ClientSize = new System.Drawing.Size(696, 346);
this.Controls.Add(this.pictureBox2);
this.Controls.Add(this.button3);
this.Controls.Add(this.comboBox2);
this.Controls.Add(this.pictureBox1);
this.Controls.Add(this.button2);
this.Controls.Add(this.comboBox1);
this.Controls.Add(this.textBox4);
this.Controls.Add(this.textBox2);
this.Controls.Add(this.button1);
this.Controls.Add(this.ReceiveData);
this.Controls.Add(this.SendData);
this.Name = "Form1";
this.Text = "Form1";
this.ResumeLayout(false);
}
#endregion
/// <summary>
/// 应用程序的主入口点。
/// </summary>
[STAThread]
static void Main()
{
Application.Run(new Form1());
}
CommPort Sport = new CommPort();
CommPort Rport = new CommPort();
private void button1_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)
{
Sport.Write(System.Text.Encoding.Default.GetBytes(SendData.Text.ToString()));
//MessageBox.Show("数据已经发送！","",MessageBoxButtons.OK,MessageBoxIcon.Asterisk);
}
private void button2_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)
{
Sport.PortNum = comboBox1.Text.ToString(); //端口号
Sport.Parity = 0; //奇偶校验
Sport.BaudRate = 9600;//串口通信波特率
Sport.ByteSize = 8; //数据位
Sport.StopBits = 1;//停止位
Sport.ReadTimeout = 1000; //读超时
if (Sport.Opened)
{
Sport.Close();
Sport.Open(); //打开串口
}
else
{
Sport.Open();//打开串口
}
pictureBox1.BackColor = System.Drawing.Color.Red;
}
private void comboBox1_TextChanged(object sender, System.EventArgs e)
{
pictureBox1.BackColor = System.Drawing.Color.WhiteSmoke;
}
private void timer1_Tick(object sender, System.EventArgs e)
{
if(Rport.Opened)
{
byte[] bs = Sport.Read(1);
ReceiveData.Text=System.Text.Encoding.ASCII.GetString(bs);
}
}
private void button3_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)
{
Rport.PortNum = comboBox2.Text.ToString(); //端口号
Rport.BaudRate = 9600;//串口通信波特率
Rport.Parity = 0;//奇偶校验
Rport.StopBits = 1;//停止位
Rport.ByteSize = 8;//数据位
Rport.ReadTimeout = 1000;//读超时
if (Rport.Opened)
{
Rport.Close();
Rport.Open(); //打开串口
}
else
{
Rport.Open();//打开串口
}
pictureBox2.BackColor = System.Drawing.Color.Red;
}
}
class CommPort
{
public string PortNum;
public int BaudRate;
public byte ByteSize;
public byte Parity; // 0-4=no,odd,even,mark,space
public byte StopBits; // 0,1,2 = 1, 1.5, 2
public int ReadTimeout;
public bool Opened = false;
//win32 api constants
private const uint GENERIC_READ = 0x80000000;
private const uint GENERIC_WRITE = 0x40000000;
private const int OPEN_EXISTING = 3;
private const int INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE = -1;
//comm port win32 file handle
private int hComm = INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE;
[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
public struct DCB
{
//taken from c struct in platform sdk
public int DCBlength; // sizeof(DCB)
public int BaudRate; // 指定当前波特率 current baud rate
// these are the c struct bit fields, bit twiddle flag to set
public int fBinary; // 指定是否允许二进制模式,在windows95中必须主TRUE binary mode, no EOF check
public int fParity; // 指定是否允许奇偶校验 enable parity checking
public int fOutxCtsFlow; // 指定CTS是否用于检测发送控制，当为TRUE是CTS为OFF，发送将被挂起。 CTS output flow control
public int fOutxDsrFlow; // 指定CTS是否用于检测发送控制 DSR output flow control
public int fDtrControl; // DTR_CONTROL_DISABLE值将DTR置为OFF, DTR_CONTROL_ENABLE值将DTR置为ON, DTR_CONTROL_HANDSHAKE允许DTR"握手" DTR flow control type
public int fDsrSensitivity; // 当该值为TRUE时DSR为OFF时接收的字节被忽略 DSR sensitivity
public int fTXContinueOnXoff; // 指定当接收缓冲区已满,并且驱动程序已经发送出XoffChar字符时发送是否停止。TRUE时，在接收缓冲区接收到缓冲区已满的字节XoffLim且驱动程序已经发送出XoffChar字符中止接收字节之后，发送继续进行。 FALSE时，在接收缓冲区接收到代表缓冲区已空的字节XonChar且驱动程序已经发送出恢复发送的XonChar之后，发送继续进行。XOFF continues Tx
public int fOutX; // TRUE时，接收到XoffChar之后便停止发送接收到XonChar之后将重新开始 XON/XOFF out flow control
public int fInX; // TRUE时，接收缓冲区接收到代表缓冲区满的XoffLim之后，XoffChar发送出去接收缓冲区接收到代表缓冲区空的XonLim之后，XonChar发送出去 XON/XOFF in flow control
public int fErrorChar; // 该值为TRUE且fParity为TRUE时，用ErrorChar 成员指定的字符代替奇偶校验错误的接收字符 enable error replacement
public int fNull; // eTRUE时，接收时去掉空（0值）字节 enable null stripping
public int fRtsControl; // RTS flow control
public int fAbortOnError; // TRUE时,有错误发生时中止读和写操作 abort on error
public int fDummy2; // 未使用 reserved
public uint flags;
public ushort wReserved; // 未使用,必须为0 not currently used
public ushort XonLim; // 指定在XON字符发送这前接收缓冲区中可允许的最小字节数 transmit XON threshold
public ushort XoffLim; // 指定在XOFF字符发送这前接收缓冲区中可允许的最小字节数 transmit XOFF threshold
public byte ByteSize; // 指定端口当前使用的数据位 number of bits/byte, 4-8
public byte Parity; // 指定端口当前使用的奇偶校验方法,可能为:EVENPARITY,MARKPARITY,NOPARITY,ODDPARITY 0-4=no,odd,even,mark,space
public byte StopBits; // 指定端口当前使用的停止位数,可能为:ONESTOPBIT,ONE5STOPBITS,TWOSTOPBITS 0,1,2 = 1, 1.5, 2
public char XonChar; // 指定用于发送和接收字符XON的值 Tx and Rx XON character
public char XoffChar; // 指定用于发送和接收字符XOFF值 Tx and Rx XOFF character
public char ErrorChar; // 本字符用来代替接收到的奇偶校验发生错误时的值 error replacement character
public char EofChar; // 当没有使用二进制模式时,本字符可用来指示数据的结束 end of input character
public char EvtChar; // 当接收到此字符时,会产生一个事件 received event character
public ushort wReserved1; // 未使用 reserved; do not use
}
[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
private struct COMMTIMEOUTS
{
public int ReadIntervalTimeout;
public int ReadTotalTimeoutMultiplier;
public int ReadTotalTimeoutConstant;
public int WriteTotalTimeoutMultiplier;
public int WriteTotalTimeoutConstant;
}
[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
private struct OVERLAPPED
{
public int Internal;
public int InternalHigh;
public int Offset;
public int OffsetHigh;
public int hEvent;
}
[DllImport("kernel32.dll")]
private static extern int CreateFile(
string lpFileName, // 要打开的串口名称
uint dwDesiredAccess, // 指定串口的访问方式，一般设置为可读可写方式
int dwShareMode, // 指定串口的共享模式，串口不能共享，所以设置为0
int lpSecurityAttributes, // 设置串口的安全属性，WIN9X下不支持，应设为NULL
int dwCreationDisposition, // 对于串口通信，创建方式只能为OPEN_EXISTING
int dwFlagsAndAttributes, // 指定串口属性与标志，设置为FILE_FLAG_OVERLAPPED(重叠I/O操作)，指定串口以异步方式通信
int hTemplateFile // 对于串口通信必须设置为NULL
);
[DllImport("kernel32.dll")]
private static extern bool GetCommState(
int hFile, //通信设备句柄
ref DCB lpDCB // 设备控制块DCB
);
[DllImport("kernel32.dll")]
private static extern bool BuildCommDCB(
string lpDef, // 设备控制字符串
ref DCB lpDCB // 设备控制块
);
[DllImport("kernel32.dll")]
private static extern bool SetCommState(
int hFile, // 通信设备句柄
ref DCB lpDCB // 设备控制块
);
[DllImport("kernel32.dll")]
private static extern bool GetCommTimeouts(
int hFile, // 通信设备句柄 handle to comm device
ref COMMTIMEOUTS lpCommTimeouts // 超时时间 time-out values
);
[DllImport("kernel32.dll")]
private static extern bool SetCommTimeouts(
int hFile, // 通信设备句柄 handle to comm device
ref COMMTIMEOUTS lpCommTimeouts // 超时时间 time-out values
);
[DllImport("kernel32.dll")]
private static extern bool ReadFile(
int hFile, // 通信设备句柄 handle to file
byte[] lpBuffer, // 数据缓冲区 data buffer
int nNumberOfBytesToRead, // 多少字节等待读取 number of bytes to read
ref int lpNumberOfBytesRead, // 读取多少字节 number of bytes read
ref OVERLAPPED lpOverlapped // 溢出缓冲区 overlapped buffer
);
[DllImport("kernel32.dll")]
private static extern bool WriteFile(
int hFile, // 通信设备句柄 handle to file
byte[] lpBuffer, // 数据缓冲区 data buffer
int nNumberOfBytesToWrite, // 多少字节等待写入 number of bytes to write
ref int lpNumberOfBytesWritten, // 已经写入多少字节 number of bytes written
ref OVERLAPPED lpOverlapped // 溢出缓冲区 overlapped buffer
);
[DllImport("kernel32.dll")]
private static extern bool CloseHandle(
int hObject // handle to object
);
[DllImport("kernel32.dll")]
private static extern uint GetLastError();
public void Open()
{
DCB dcbCommPort = new DCB();
COMMTIMEOUTS ctoCommPort = new COMMTIMEOUTS();
// 打开串口 OPEN THE COMM PORT.
hComm = CreateFile(PortNum ,GENERIC_READ | GENERIC_WRITE,0, 0,OPEN_EXISTING,0,0);
// 如果串口没有打开，就打开 IF THE PORT CANNOT BE OPENED, BAIL OUT.
if(hComm == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
{
throw(new ApplicationException("串口被占用，不能打开串口！"));
}
// 设置通信超时时间 SET THE COMM TIMEOUTS.
GetCommTimeouts(hComm,ref ctoCommPort);
ctoCommPort.ReadIntervalTimeout = Int32.MaxValue;
ctoCommPort.ReadTotalTimeoutConstant = 0;
ctoCommPort.ReadTotalTimeoutMultiplier = 0;
ctoCommPort.WriteTotalTimeoutMultiplier = 10;
ctoCommPort.WriteTotalTimeoutConstant = 1000;
SetCommTimeouts(hComm,ref ctoCommPort);
// 设置串口 SET BAUD RATE, PARITY, WORD SIZE, AND STOP BITS.
dcbCommPort.DCBlength = Marshal.SizeOf(dcbCommPort);
GetCommState(hComm, ref dcbCommPort);
dcbCommPort.BaudRate=BaudRate;
dcbCommPort.Parity=Parity;
dcbCommPort.ByteSize=ByteSize;
dcbCommPort.StopBits=StopBits;
SetCommState(hComm, ref dcbCommPort);
Opened = true;
}
public void Close()
{
if (hComm!=INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
{
CloseHandle(hComm);
hComm = INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE;
Opened = false;
PortNum = null;
}
}
public byte[] Read(int NumBytes)
{
byte[] BufBytes;
byte[] OutBytes;
BufBytes = new byte[NumBytes];
if (hComm!=INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
{
OVERLAPPED ovlCommPort = new OVERLAPPED();
int BytesRead=0;
ReadFile(hComm,BufBytes,NumBytes,ref BytesRead,ref ovlCommPort);
OutBytes = new byte[BytesRead];
Array.Copy(BufBytes,OutBytes,BytesRead);
}
else
{
throw(new ApplicationException("串口未打开！"));
}
return OutBytes;
}
public void Write(byte[] WriteBytes)
{
if (hComm!=INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
{
OVERLAPPED ovlCommPort = new OVERLAPPED();
int BytesWritten = 0;
WriteFile(hComm,WriteBytes,WriteBytes.Length,ref BytesWritten,ref ovlCommPort);
}
else
{
throw(new ApplicationException("串口未打开！"));
}
}
}
}
