jquery ui中的dialog，官网上经典的例子
jquery ui中dialog和easy ui中的dialog很像，但是最近用到的时候全然没有印象，一段时间不用就忘记了，这篇随笔介绍一下这个控件。
1.实例
官网源代码中给出了一些实例，首先看看实例是什么样子的。
a.默认功能
也是最简单的应用，也就是打开一个对话框，代码如下
<!doctype html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>jQuery UI Dialog - Default functionality</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="../../themes/base/all.css">
<script src="../../external/jquery/jquery.js"></script>
<script src="../../ui/core.js"></script>
<script src="../../ui/widget.js"></script>
<script src="../../ui/mouse.js"></script>
<script src="../../ui/draggable.js"></script>
<script src="../../ui/position.js"></script>
<script src="../../ui/resizable.js"></script>
<script src="../../ui/button.js"></script>
<script src="../../ui/dialog.js"></script>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="../demos.css">
<script>
$(function() {
$( "#dialog" ).dialog();
});
</script>
</head>
<body>
<div id="dialog" title="Basic dialog">
<p>This is the default dialog which is useful for displaying information. The dialog window can be moved, resized and closed with the 'x' icon.</p>
</div>
<div class="demo-description">
<p>The basic dialog window is an overlay positioned within the viewport and is protected from page content (like select elements) shining through with an iframe. It has a title bar and a content area, and can be moved, resized and closed with the 'x' icon by default.</p>
</div>
</body>
</html>
引用了一堆的js文件，这个与下载的时候选择的类型有关，可以选择All jQuery UI Downloads，也可以在当前页面选择要用到的组件下载。关键代码$( "#dialog" ).dialog();，加载页面的时候弹出一个对话框。效果如下图1
图1
b.模态对话框
关键代码如下：
$(function() {
$( "#dialog-message" ).dialog({
modal: true,
buttons: {
Ok: function() {
$( this ).dialog( "close" );
}
}
});
});
作用是弹出一个模态对话框，mode:true，其实就是后面不能回到后面的父页面，除非关闭当前的对话框。在对话框后面加了一个OK关闭按钮，效果如下图2
图2
c.确认对话框
关键代码如下：
$(function() {
$( "#dialog-confirm" ).dialog({
resizable: false,
height: "auto",
width: 400,
modal: true,
buttons: {
"Delete all items": function() {
//这里可以加入一些操作
$( this ).dialog( "close" );
},
Cancel: function() {
$( this ).dialog( "close" );
}
}
});
});
加了两个按钮，一个确认，一个取消，可以分别做一些操作，其实也不限于这两个按钮，如果需要的话可以在下面添加任意多个按钮，实现任意多的功能。效果如下如3
图3
带form功能的对话框
这个例子有些复杂，可以实现验证，请求等功能，关键代码如下
<!doctype html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>jQuery UI Dialog - Modal form</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="../../themes/base/all.css">
<script src="../../external/jquery/jquery.js"></script>
<script src="../../ui/core.js"></script>
<script src="../../ui/widget.js"></script>
<script src="../../ui/mouse.js"></script>
<script src="../../ui/button.js"></script>
<script src="../../ui/draggable.js"></script>
<script src="../../ui/position.js"></script>
<script src="../../ui/resizable.js"></script>
<script src="../../ui/dialog.js"></script>
<script src="../../ui/effect.js"></script>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="../demos.css">
<style>
label, input { display:block; }
input.text { margin-bottom:12px; width:95%; padding: .4em; }
fieldset { padding:0; border:0; margin-top:25px; }
h1 { font-size: 1.2em; margin: .6em 0; }
div#users-contain { width: 350px; margin: 20px 0; }
div#users-contain table { margin: 1em 0; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; }
div#users-contain table td, div#users-contain table th { border: 1px solid #eee; padding: .6em 10px; text-align: left; }
.ui-dialog .ui-state-error { padding: .3em; }
.validateTips { border: 1px solid transparent; padding: 0.3em; }
</style>
<script>
$(function() {
var dialog, form,
// From http://www.whatwg.org/specs/web-apps/current-work/multipage/states-of-the-type-attribute.html#e-mail-state-%28type=email%29
emailRegex = /^[a-zA-Z0-9.!#$%&'*+\/=?^_`{|}~-]+@[a-zA-Z0-9](?:[a-zA-Z0-9-]{0,61}[a-zA-Z0-9])?(?:\.[a-zA-Z0-9](?:[a-zA-Z0-9-]{0,61}[a-zA-Z0-9])?)*$/,
name = $( "#name" ),
email = $( "#email" ),
password = $( "#password" ),
allFields = $( [] ).add( name ).add( email ).add( password ),
tips = $( ".validateTips" );
function updateTips( t ) {
tips
.text( t )
.addClass( "ui-state-highlight" );
setTimeout(function() {
tips.removeClass( "ui-state-highlight", 1500 );
}, 500 );
}
function checkLength( o, n, min, max ) {
if ( o.val().length > max || o.val().length < min ) {
o.addClass( "ui-state-error" );
updateTips( "Length of " + n + " must be between " +
min + " and " + max + "." );
return false;
} else {
return true;
}
}
function checkRegexp( o, regexp, n ) {
if ( !( regexp.test( o.val() ) ) ) {
o.addClass( "ui-state-error" );
updateTips( n );
return false;
} else {
return true;
}
}
function addUser() {
var valid = true;
allFields.removeClass( "ui-state-error" );
valid = valid && checkLength( name, "username", 3, 16 );
valid = valid && checkLength( email, "email", 6, 80 );
valid = valid && checkLength( password, "password", 5, 16 );
valid = valid && checkRegexp( name, /^[a-z]([0-9a-z_\s])+$/i, "Username may consist of a-z, 0-9, underscores, spaces and must begin with a letter." );
valid = valid && checkRegexp( email, emailRegex, "eg. ui@jquery.com" );
valid = valid && checkRegexp( password, /^([0-9a-zA-Z])+$/, "Password field only allow : a-z 0-9" );
if ( valid ) {
$( "#users tbody" ).append( "<tr>" +
"<td>" + name.val() + "</td>" +
"<td>" + email.val() + "</td>" +
"<td>" + password.val() + "</td>" +
"</tr>" );
dialog.dialog( "close" );
}
return valid;
}
dialog = $( "#dialog-form" ).dialog({
autoOpen: false,
height: 400,
width: 350,
modal: true,
buttons: {
"Create an account": addUser,
Cancel: function() {
dialog.dialog( "close" );
}
},
close: function() {
form[ 0 ].reset();
allFields.removeClass( "ui-state-error" );
}
});
form = dialog.find( "form" ).on( "submit", function( event ) {
event.preventDefault();
addUser();
});
$( "#create-user" ).button().on( "click", function() {
dialog.dialog( "open" );
});
});
</script>
</head>
<body>
<div id="dialog-form" title="Create new user">
<p class="validateTips">All form fields are required.</p>
<form>
<fieldset>
<label for="name">Name</label>
<input type="text" name="name" id="name" value="Jane Smith" class="text ui-widget-content ui-corner-all">
<label for="email">Email</label>
<input type="text" name="email" id="email" value="jane@smith.com" class="text ui-widget-content ui-corner-all">
<label for="password">Password</label>
<input type="password" name="password" id="password" value="xxxxxxx" class="text ui-widget-content ui-corner-all">
<!-- Allow form submission with keyboard without duplicating the dialog button -->
<input type="submit" tabindex="-1" style="position:absolute; top:-1000px">
</fieldset>
</form>
</div>
<div id="users-contain" class="ui-widget">
<h1>Existing Users:</h1>
<table id="users" class="ui-widget ui-widget-content">
<thead>
<tr class="ui-widget-header ">
<th>Name</th>
<th>Email</th>
<th>Password</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>John Doe</td>
<td>john.doe@example.com</td>
<td>johndoe1</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<button id="create-user">Create new user</button>
<div class="demo-description">
<p>Use a modal dialog to require that the user enter data during a multi-step process. Embed form markup in the content area, set the <code>modal</code> option to true, and specify primary and secondary user actions with the <code>buttons</code> option.</p>
</div>
</body>
</html>
这个是带请求功能的对话框，代码很严谨
var dialog, form,
emailRegex = /^[a-zA-Z0-9.!#$%&'*+\/=?^_`{|}~-]+@[a-zA-Z0-9](?:[a-zA-Z0-9-]{0,61}[a-zA-Z0-9])?(?:\.[a-zA-Z0-9](?:[a-zA-Z0-9-]{0,61}[a-zA-Z0-9])?)*$/,
name = $( "#name" ),
email = $( "#email" ),
password = $( "#password" ),
allFields = $( [] ).add( name ).add( email ).add( password ),
tips = $( ".validateTips" );
定义元素变量，要用到的验证，allFields = $( [] ).add( name ).add( email ).add( password ),这个用来把要用到的变量加到集合里面，用来添加和删除css样式，后面会用到的，很巧妙，$( [] )这个写法可以把多个元素添加到一个集合中。
function updateTips( t ) {
tips
.text( t )
.addClass( "ui-state-highlight" );
setTimeout(function() {
tips.removeClass( "ui-state-highlight", 1500 );
}, 500 );
}
给元素添加文字和css样式，并且在500毫秒内移除这个样式，不明白.removeClass( "ui-state-highlight", 1500 )后面一个参数1500是什么意思
function checkLength( o, n, min, max ) {
if ( o.val().length > max || o.val().length < min ) {
o.addClass( "ui-state-error" );
updateTips( "Length of " + n + " must be between " +
min + " and " + max + "." );
return false;
} else {
return true;
}
}
检查输入文字的长短，4个参数分别是元素本身，元素名称，最小长度，最大长度。
function checkRegexp( o, regexp, n ) {
if ( !( regexp.test( o.val() ) ) ) {
o.addClass( "ui-state-error" );
updateTips( n );
return false;
} else {
return true;
}
}
用正则表达式检查元素是否符合规则，3个参数，元素本身，正则表达式，错误提示。
function addUser() {
var valid = true;
allFields.removeClass( "ui-state-error" );
valid = valid && checkLength( name, "username", 3, 16 );
valid = valid && checkLength( email, "email", 6, 80 );
valid = valid && checkLength( password, "password", 5, 16 );
valid = valid && checkRegexp( name, /^[a-z]([0-9a-z_\s])+$/i, "Username may consist of a-z, 0-9, underscores, spaces and must begin with a letter." );
valid = valid && checkRegexp( email, emailRegex, "eg. ui@jquery.com" );
valid = valid && checkRegexp( password, /^([0-9a-zA-Z])+$/, "Password field only allow : a-z 0-9" );
if ( valid ) {
$( "#users tbody" ).append( "<tr>" +
"<td>" + name.val() + "</td>" +
"<td>" + email.val() + "</td>" +
"<td>" + password.val() + "</td>" +
"</tr>" );
dialog.dialog( "close" );
}
return valid;
}
添加用户的方法，验证方法valid = valid && 这个用的很巧妙，连续利用了&&操作，这里的写法非常的灵活也很巧妙。在这里可以实现具体的功能，也可以在form里面添加action，form到具体页面中操作。
dialog = $( "#dialog-form" ).dialog({
autoOpen: false,
height: 400,
width: 350,
modal: true,
buttons: {
"Create an account": addUser,
Cancel: function() {
dialog.dialog( "close" );
}
},
close: function() {
form[ 0 ].reset();
allFields.removeClass( "ui-state-error" );
}
});
这里才是最主要的功能，一个定义一个对话框，其中有个2个按钮，一个是添加一个账号，访问addUser函数，一个是取消，直接定义关闭对话框，最后还定义了默认的关闭功能，form中清除元素的值，清除错误提示。
form = dialog.find( "form" ).on( "submit", function( event ) {
event.preventDefault();
addUser();
});
定义form，其实就是页面中的form，还定义了提交时请求动作，首先取消默认事件，然后执行addUser。
$( "#create-user" ).button().on( "click", function() {
dialog.dialog( "open" );
});
给添加用户按钮绑定事件，这里绑定事件没有直接.click，也没有live，也没有trigger，on是jquery官方推荐的一个绑定函数方法。注意这里不是页面加载的时候就显示对话框，而是点击添加账号的时候弹出这个对话框，所以要先定义这个对话框“dialog = $( "#dialog-form" ).dialog({”，点击添加按钮的时候弹出对话框“dialog.dialog( "open" );”。
页面截图如下图4
图4
点击添加用户弹出对话框如图5
图5
元素验证失败时截图如图6
图6
这个例子很经典！
d.带动画功能的对话框
关键代码如下：
$(function() {
$( "#dialog" ).dialog({
autoOpen: false,
show: {
effect: "blind",
duration: 1000
},
hide: {
effect: "explode",
duration: 1000
}
});
$( "#opener" ).click(function() {
$( "#dialog" ).dialog( "open" );
});
});
定义显示和影藏效果，effect: "blind"：打开时时百叶窗效果，从上到下显示，effect: "explode"关闭时是爆发，碎片效果。
百叶窗效果如下图7
图7
爆炸效果如图8
图8
同上，注意这里不是页面加载的时候就显示对话框，而是点击添加账号的时候弹出这个对话框，所以要先定义这个对话框“$( "#dialog" ).dialog({,”，点击添加按钮的时候弹出对话框“dialog.dialog( "open" );”
2.属性，事件，方法
关于属性，事件和方法内容很多，可以查看中文文档http://jqueryui.net/dialog/
