这个小项目包含了注册与登录，使用了springboot+mybatis+shiro的技术栈；当用户在浏览器登录时发起请求时，首先这一系列的请求会被拦截器进行拦截(ShiroFilter)，然后拦截器根据用户名去数据库寻找是否有相对应的user实体；如果有则返回封装到User类中（没有就用户名错误），然后比对密码是否一致；如果都通过了则认证成功；登录到主页面；然后主页面有不同的功能，不同的用户拥有不同的权限，有的能看到，有的则无法看到；然后如果不登陆直接访问主页面，会被强制跳转到登录页面；另外登录之后也可以退出登录；
通过分析上文：https://blog.csdn.net/Kevinnsm/article/details/11187650
1.首先快速创建一个springboot项目（使用spring向导）
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>2.4.1</version>
<relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
</parent>
<groupId>com.hao</groupId>
<artifactId>springboot-shiro</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>springboot-shiro</name>
<description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>
<properties>
<java.version>1.8</java.version>
</properties>
<!--########################################################-->
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
<scope>runtime</scope>
<optional>true</optional>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
<optional>true</optional>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.tomcat.embed</groupId>
<artifactId>tomcat-embed-jasper</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>jstl</groupId>
<artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
<version>1.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.shiro</groupId>
<artifactId>shiro-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
<version>1.7.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>8.0.19</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
<version>2.1.4</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<!--########################################################-->
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<configuration>
<excludes>
<exclude>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
</exclude>
</excludes>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
2.数据库建表
这里的salt字段主要是为了使用md5+salt+散列加密时，需要保存salt字符串，以便在业务层比较密码正确与否时一致
3.注册、登录和主页面
<%@page contentType="text/html; utf-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8" isELIgnored="false" %>
<!doctype html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport"
content="width=device-width, user-scalable=no, initial-scale=1.0, maximum-scale=1.0, minimum-scale=1.0">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge">
<title>Document</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>用户注册</h1>
<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/user/register" method="post">
username:<input type="text" name="username"><br>
password:<input type="password" name="password"><br>
<input type="submit" value="注册">
</form>
</body>
</html>
<%@page contentType="text/html; utf-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8" isELIgnored="false" %>
<!doctype html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport"
content="width=device-width, user-scalable=no, initial-scale=1.0, maximum-scale=1.0, minimum-scale=1.0">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge">
<title>Document</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>用户登录</h1>
<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/user/login" method="post">
username:<input type="text" name="username"><br>
password:<input type="password" name="password"><br>
<input type="submit" value="登录">
</form>
</body>
</html>
<%@page contentType="text/html; utf-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8" isELIgnored="false" %>
<%@taglib prefix="shiro" uri="http://shiro.apache.org/tags" %>
<!doctype html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport"
content="width=device-width, user-scalable=no, initial-scale=1.0, maximum-scale=1.0, minimum-scale=1.0">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge">
<title>Document</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>系统主页,欢迎你的到来</h1>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/user/outLogin">退出</a>
<ul>
<shiro:hasAnyRoles name="user">
<li><a href="">用户管理</a>
<ul>
<shiro:hasPermission name="user:add:*">
<li><a href="">添加用户</a></li>
</shiro:hasPermission>
<li><a href="">删除用户</a></li>
<li><a href="">修改用户</a></li>
<li><a href="">查询用户</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</shiro:hasAnyRoles>
<shiro:hasRole name="admin">
<li><a href="">商品管理</a> </li>
<li><a href="">订单管理</a> </li>
<li><a href="">物流管理</a> </li>
</shiro:hasRole>
<shiro:hasRole name="shper">
<li><a href="">终极格式化</a> </li>
</shiro:hasRole>
</ul>
</body>
</html>
4.配置文件
spring.application.name=shiro
server.servlet.context-path=/shiro
spring.datasource.driver-class-name=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
spring.datasource.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/shiro?serverTimezone=UTC
spring.datasource.username=root
spring.datasource.password=hao20001010
mybatis.type-aliases-package=com.hao.springboot.entity
mybatis.mapper-locations=classpath:mapper/*.xml
logging.level.com.hao.springboot.dao=debug
5.编写mapper.xml映射文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.hao.springboot.dao.UserDao">
<insert id="save" parameterType="User">
insert into t_user values(#{id},#{username},#{password},#{salt})
</insert>
<select id="findByUserName" resultType="User">
select * from t_user where username=#{username}
</select>
</mapper>
6.DAO层
@Repository
public interface UserDao {
void save(User user);
User findByUserName(String username);
}
7.service层
public interface UserService {
void register(User user);
User findByUserName(String username);
}
@Service("userService")
@Transactional
public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {
@Autowired
UserDao userDao;
@Override
public void register(User user) {
//明文密码进行md5+salt+随机散列
//1.生成随机盐
String salt = SaltUtil.getSalt(8);
//2.将随机盐保存到数据库中
user.setSalt(salt);
Md5Hash md5Hash = new Md5Hash(user.getPassword(), salt, 1024);
user.setPassword(md5Hash.toHex());
userDao.save(user);
}
@Override
public User findByUserName(String username) {
return userDao.findByUserName(username);
}
}
8.controller层
/**
* @author:抱着鱼睡觉的喵喵
* @date:2020/12/29
* @description:
*/
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/user")
public class UserController {
@Autowired
UserService userService;
/**
* 处理身份认证
* @param username
* @param password
* @return
*/
@RequestMapping("/login")
public String login(@RequestParam("username")String username,@RequestParam("password")String password){
//获取主体对象
Subject subject = SecurityUtils.getSubject();
try {
subject.login(new UsernamePasswordToken(username,password));
return "redirect:/index.jsp";
}catch (UnknownAccountException e){
e.printStackTrace();
System.out.println("用户名错误");
}catch (IncorrectCredentialsException e){
e.printStackTrace();
System.out.println("密码错误");
}
return "redirect:/login.jsp";
}
/**
* 退出用户
* @return
*/
@RequestMapping("/outLogin")
public String outLogin(){
Subject subject = SecurityUtils.getSubject();
subject.logout(); //退出用户
return "redirect:/login.jsp";
}
/**
* 用户注册
* @return
*/
@RequestMapping("/register")
public String register(User user){
try {
userService.register(user);
return "redirect:/login.jsp";
}catch (Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
return "redirect:/register.jsp";
}
}
}
9.User实体类
@Data
@ToString
@AllArgsConstructor
@Accessors(chain = true)
@NoArgsConstructor
public class User {
private String id;
private String username;
private String password;
private String salt;
}
10.创建ShiroFilter拦截器（拦截所有请求）
import com.hao.springboot.shiro.realm.CustomerRealm;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.credential.HashedCredentialsMatcher;
import org.apache.shiro.realm.Realm;
import org.apache.shiro.spring.web.ShiroFilterFactoryBean;
import org.apache.shiro.web.mgt.DefaultWebSecurityManager;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
/**
* @author:抱着鱼睡觉的喵喵
* @date:2020/12/29
* @description:
*/
@Configuration
public class ShiroConfig {
/**
* 1.创建ShiroFilter
* 负责拦截所有请求
* @return shiroFilterFactoryBean
*/
@Bean
public ShiroFilterFactoryBean getShiroFilterFactory(DefaultWebSecurityManager defaultWebSecurityManager){
ShiroFilterFactoryBean shiroFilterFactoryBean = new ShiroFilterFactoryBean();
//给filter设置安全管理器
shiroFilterFactoryBean.setSecurityManager(defaultWebSecurityManager);
//配置系统首先资源
//配置系统公共资源
Map<String,String> map=new HashMap<>();
map.put("/user/login","anon"); //设置为公共资源，防止登录死循环
map.put("/user/register","anon");
map.put("/register.jsp","anon");
map.put("/**","authc"); //authc 这个资源需要认证和授权
shiroFilterFactoryBean.setFilterChainDefinitionMap(map);
//默认界面路径
shiroFilterFactoryBean.setLoginUrl("/login.jsp");
return shiroFilterFactoryBean;
}
/**
* 安全管理器
* @return defaultWebSecurityManager
*/
@Bean
public DefaultWebSecurityManager getDefaultWebSecurityManager(Realm realm){
DefaultWebSecurityManager defaultWebSecurityManager = new DefaultWebSecurityManager();
defaultWebSecurityManager.setRealm(realm);
return defaultWebSecurityManager;
}
/**
*
* @return
*/
@Bean("realm")
public Realm getRealm(){
CustomerRealm customerRealm = new CustomerRealm();
//修改凭证校验匹配器
HashedCredentialsMatcher credentialsMatcher = new HashedCredentialsMatcher();
//设置加密算法为md5
credentialsMatcher.setHashAlgorithmName("MD5");
//设置散列次数
credentialsMatcher.setHashIterations(1024);
customerRealm.setCredentialsMatcher(credentialsMatcher);
return customerRealm;
}
}
11.自定义realm
package com.hao.springboot.shiro.realm;
import com.hao.springboot.entity.User;
import com.hao.springboot.service.UserService;
import com.hao.springboot.utils.ApplicationContextUtils;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.AuthenticationException;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.AuthenticationInfo;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.AuthenticationToken;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.SimpleAuthenticationInfo;
import org.apache.shiro.authz.AuthorizationInfo;
import org.apache.shiro.authz.SimpleAuthorizationInfo;
import org.apache.shiro.realm.AuthorizingRealm;
import org.apache.shiro.subject.PrincipalCollection;
import org.apache.shiro.util.ByteSource;
import org.springframework.util.ObjectUtils;
import java.util.Arrays;
/**
* @author:抱着鱼睡觉的喵喵
* @date:2020/12/29
* @description: 自定义realm完成用户认证和授权
*/
public class CustomerRealm extends AuthorizingRealm {
/**
* 用户授权
* @param principalCollection
* @return
*/
@Override
protected AuthorizationInfo doGetAuthorizationInfo(PrincipalCollection principalCollection) {
System.out.println("调用权限认证："+principalCollection);
String primaryPrincipal = (String) principalCollection.getPrimaryPrincipal();
SimpleAuthorizationInfo simpleAuthorizationInfo = new SimpleAuthorizationInfo();
if ("Ronin".equals(primaryPrincipal)){
simpleAuthorizationInfo.addRoles(Arrays.asList("user","admin","shaper"));
simpleAuthorizationInfo.addStringPermission("user:add:*");
return simpleAuthorizationInfo;
}
// else if("tom".equals(primaryPrincipal)){
// simpleAuthorizationInfo.addRole("admin");
// return simpleAuthorizationInfo;
// }
return null;
}
/**
* 用户认证
* @param authenticationToken
* @return
* @throws AuthenticationException
*/
@Override
protected AuthenticationInfo doGetAuthenticationInfo(AuthenticationToken authenticationToken) throws AuthenticationException {
String principal = (String) authenticationToken.getPrincipal();
//在工厂中获取业务对象
UserService userService = (UserService) ApplicationContextUtils.getBean("userService");
User user = userService.findByUserName(principal);
if (!ObjectUtils.isEmpty(user)){
return new SimpleAuthenticationInfo(user.getUsername(),user.getPassword(), ByteSource.Util.bytes(user.getSalt()),this.getName());
}
return null;
}
}
12.编写salt(因为要使用md5+salt+散列对密码加密）
package com.hao.springboot.utils;
import java.util.Random;
/**
* @author:抱着鱼睡觉的喵喵
* @date:2020/12/29
* @description:
*/
public class SaltUtil {
/**
* 生成salt的静态方法
* @param n
* @return
*/
public static String getSalt(int n){
char[] chars="ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789!@#$%^&*()".toCharArray();
StringBuilder stringBuilder = new StringBuilder();
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
char aChar = chars[new Random().nextInt(chars.length)];
stringBuilder.append(aChar);
}
return stringBuilder.toString();
}
//测试一下
public static void main(String[] args) {
System.out.println(getSalt(8));
}
}
13.我们想要在自定义realm中的doGetAuthenticationInfo()方法调用service层，所以需要
使用静态类获取
package com.hao.springboot.utils;
import org.springframework.beans.BeansException;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContextAware;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
/**
* @author:抱着鱼睡觉的喵喵
* @date:2020/12/29
* @description:
*/
@Component
public class ApplicationContextUtils implements ApplicationContextAware {
private static ApplicationContext context;
@Override
public void setApplicationContext(ApplicationContext applicationContext) throws BeansException {
this.context=applicationContext;
}
//
public static Object getBean(String beanName){
return context.getBean(beanName);
}
}
14，测试
访问aaaa
强制到登录页面
以下是事先的数据
输入Ronin && 123登录
可以看到Ronin用户能够看所有的权限信息
接着点击退出
输入tom && 123
点击登录
可以发现tom用户什么都看不到，因为没有赋给tom用户任何权限
使用代码控制角色权限
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/limit")
public class LimitController {
@RequestMapping("/save")
@RequiresRoles(value = {"admin","user"})
@RequiresPermissions("user:update:*")
public String save(){
// Subject subject = SecurityUtils.getSubject();
// if (subject.hasRole("admin")) {
// System.out.println("保存订单！");
// }else {
// System.out.println("无权访问");
// }
System.out.println("进入方法");
return "redirect:/index.jsp";
}
}
我从这个小案例中我学到了什么
1.使用spring框架，所有的bean都是通过容器管理的；想要使用某个组件直接从容器中拿就行了，比如service注入到controller即可；本案例中的sevice层需要被自定义的realm调用，进行密码认证，但是怎么调用就成了问题，不可能new一个吧，所有bean对象都是通过IOC容器管理的；所以那怎么办呢？我们不能直接注入service，因为bean的实例化在filter之后，因为，能力有限，以后有能力再深究吧！（Autowired底层待分析）
所以只有使用静态类，将该静态类加入容器中（使用@Component注解)
@Component
public class ApplicationContextUtils implements ApplicationContextAware {
private static ApplicationContext context;
@Override
public void setApplicationContext(ApplicationContext applicationContext) throws BeansException {
this.context=applicationContext;
}
//
public static Object getBean(String beanName){
return context.getBean(beanName);
}
}
2.复习了ApplicationContext和BeanFactory的区别
3.shiro与springboot的整合关键在于ShiroFilter拦截器的使用
4.对于解析源码的渴望（奈何实力差太多）
